Molecular characterization and genetic analysis for yield components in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)
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Date
2016-01
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out during 2013-2015 at Vegetable Research Centre and molecular characterization was performed in the NAIP laboratory, Department Of Vegetable Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India, with the major objectives to estimate genetic variability parameters, heritability, genetic advance, magnitude of heterosis, combining ability and correlation studies between various quantitative traits along with their molecular characterization through SSR marker. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant variances among all the genotypes for 18 characters. PCV was slightly higher than GCV for all the traits and broad sense heritability was also observed high for all characters. High heritability along with high genetic advance was observed in fruit yield/plant. The best three parents identified as promisingly general combiners over both the seasons and pooled season were US 33, VNR 28 and VNR 22 for earliness, vegetative growth and yield characters. For earliness VNR 28×US 33 (-3.31), VNR 22×PBIG 2 (-2.92) and VNR 28×MC 84 (-1.83) emerged as good specific combiners. For average fruit weight MC 84× Pant Karela 3 (13.51), PDM ×VNR 28 (11.14) and Pant Karela 3× PBIG 2(10.80) were found with promising SCA effects. For no. of fruits/plant and fruit yield/plant crosses VNR 28×Pant Karela 3(21.66), VNR 22×MC 84 (19.78), VNR 28×MC 84 (10.45), VNR22×Pant Karela 1(398.51g), US33×Pant Karela3 (346.95g) and MC84×Pant Karela 3(264.74g), respectively were found having promising SCA effect. Most of the parents were significant over better parent and standard variety regarding earliness, vegetative traits and yield characters. For 1st female flower anthesis and node no.of 1st female flower highest standard heterosis was shown by the cross PDM ×VNR 28 (-23.95) and VNR 28×MC84 (-36.72). For vegetative characters such as main vine length, internodal length, no. of primary branches and leaf area crosses showing maximum standard heterosis were MC84×Pant Karela3(49.54), VNR28×VNR22 (26.95), Pant Karela 3×PBIG2(40.00) and VNR28×Pant Karela1(360.25), respectively. Maximum amount of standard heterosis for no. of fruits/plant and yield/plant were noted in crosses VNR22×MC 84 (139.44) and US33×Pant Karela3 (26.40). Correlation studies between various quantitative traits revealed fruit yield/plant has significant correlation with average fruit weight, fruit dia., no. of primary branches, first male flower anthesis, main vine length and node no. of female flower. SSR analysis revealed that the maximum similarity value recorded for VNR28×PK1 and MC84×PK3 & US33×PK3 similarity was found 100 %. VNR28×MC84 exhibited least similarity with any of the genotypes 0.59 % , hence was not kept in any cluster.
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