CHARACTERIZATION OF CHICKPEA CULTIVARS (DESI AND KABULI) THROUGH MORPHOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL AND ELECTROPHORETIC TESTS
Loading...
Files
Date
2003-06-27
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MAHATMA PHULE KRISHIVIDYAPEETH, RAHURI - 413 722, DIST. AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Abstract
The present investigation "Characterization of chickpea cultivars (desi and kabuli) through morphological, chemical and electrophoritic tests" was carried out at Seed Technology Research Unit (NSP), Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri 413722, Dist. Ahmednagar (Maharashtra), during 2001-03. The experimental material consisted of twelve chickpea cultivars having 100 % genetic purity were obtained from Pulses Breeder, M.P.K.V., Rahuri. The observations were recorded on seedling, plant and seed morphological characters and also for chemical and electrophoritic tests. The morphological characteristics exhibited by different cultivars studied indicated that although some of the cultivars have common morphological features in respect of one or few characters, they can be differentiated from each other on the basis of other characters. Cultivars were studied for thirteen plant morphological characters namely growth habit (erect, semispreading and spreading), branching habit (less medium, profuse), stem colour (green and purple), foliage colour (green and dark green), leaflet size (small, medium and large)leaflet shape (oval and ovate)leaflet margin (medium and high leaf serration), flower colour (white, pink, dark pink), days to flower (early and medium), plant height (dwarf, medium and tall), pods per plant (less, medium and high), number of seeds per pod (single and double), pod size at maturity (small, medium and bold). The chickpea cultivars can be aracterized on the basis seedling characters. In all two seedling characters were studied for twelve cultivars namely pigmentation on seedling and colouration of leaflet at seedling stage. The cultivars PG-12, Vijay, Virat, PG-92307, PG-95311, PG-95421 and KAK-2 had green pigmentation on seedling while other showed purple pigmentation. The colouration of leaflet in cultivars PG-5, Vishal, PG-92926, PG-96005 and PG-96006 was purple while remaining cultivars showed green colouration of leaflets. Further the chickpea cultivars can be characterized on the basis of seed size (small, medium and bold), seed surface texture (smooth and wrinkled) and seed colour (white, brown and dark brown). According to the seed coat colour reaction, twelve cultivars were classified into two groups in NaOH test. Such as dark orange red colour reaction (PG-5, PG-12, Vijay, Vishal, PG-92926, PG-96005 and PG-96006) and no colour reaction (Virat, PG-92307, PG-95311, PG-95421.KAK-2). The results on electrophoretic banding pattern of seed storage protein revealed a total of 24 bands (Fig. 1) in material studied, out of which only band No. 15, RM 0.66 was commonly observed in seven cultivars (Vijay, PG-96005, Virat, PG-92307, PG-95311, PG-95421 and KAK) and it was absent in remaining five cultivars. The number of bands ranged between 23 to 24. All the bands, except band 15, were common in all cultivars but with differing intensities. The desi type and kabuli type cultivars can be differentiated from each other by presence or absence of band-15 corresponding to Rm value 0.66 because in all desi types (except Vijay and PG-96005) band corresponding to Rm value 0.66 was absent. From the present study, it can be concluded that some of the morphological features of the chickpea cultivars alongwith NaOH test could be exploited for characterizing the cultivars and distinguishing them in different groups. However, electrophoresis gives more precise results for characterizing the chickpea cultivars being stable and not influenced by the environment.
Description
Keywords
null