"CHARACTERIZATION OF MAIZE INBRED LINES BY MORPHOLOGY, CHEMICAL AND ELECTROPHORETIC TECHNIQUES"
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Date
2001-06-30
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MAHATMA PHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH, RAHURI - 413 722, AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Abstract
The present investigation "Characterization of maize inbreds by morphology, chemical and electrophoretic techniques" was carried out at Post Graduate Institute's Research Farm and Seed Technology Research unit (NSP), Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri (Maharashtra) during 2001. The experimental material consisted of fifteen maize inbred lines obtained from Maize Breeder, Maize Improvement Project (NARP), Kolhapur. The observations were taken on plant morphological characters, tassel morphology, ear characters and on seed besides the chemical and biochemical (electrophoretic) reactions of the inbred lines. The morphological characteristics of different inbred lines indicated that although some of the inbreds have common morphological features in respect of one or few characters, they can be differentiated from each other on the basis of other characters. All the fifteen inbreds were studied for six morphological characters viz., days to 50 % tasseling (early, medium, late), days to 50 % silking (early, medium, late), plant habit (erect, semi-erect, spreading), plant height (tall, medium, dwarf), midrib colour (creamy and white)and stem colour (green only). Further, identification to distinguish these inbreds was made on the basis of tassel morphology viz., tassel length from flag leaf (short, medium, long), number of branches per tassel, (very few, medium), size and shape of tassel (compact, semi-compact), and glume colour (green and purple). For cob morphology,six characters were studied viz., days to 50 % brown husk (early, medium, late), silk colour (dark pink, light pink and yellow colour), length of peduncle (short, medium, long), ear diameter (slender and medium), shelled cob colour and test weight of grain (bold and medium). Fifteen inbred lines had been studied for phenol test and found that the test was suitable for maize characterization. According to intensity of colour developmentt fifteen inbreds were classified into two peroxidase test groups, such as highly positive and moderately positive. In the FeS04 testMnbred line CML-311 showd reddish brown colour development while all others were gray in colour. Further classification is based on the NaOH colour reaction which grouped into two categories dark golden yellow colour and light yellow colour. The results on electrophoretic patterns of seed storage protein revealed a total of number 33 bands in material studied, out of which only band No. 33, Rm.1.0 was commonly observed in all inbreds. While band No. 28 is recorded in all the inbred lines except in CML-311. Number of bands in each inbred line ranged from 3 to 12. While total of 22 bands were recognised in gel material of the seed protein under study and band number 3 and 4 recorded in all lines. The number of bands in each inbred lines ranged from 9 to 12. Each inbred line can be differentiated from each other with respect to the presence or absence of a particular band. From the result of the present study it can be concluded that some of the morphological characters of plants along with phenol tests, peroxidase test, NaOH test and ferrous sulphate test, could be exploited for distinguishing varieties infdifferent groups. However, it appears that electrophoresis gives more precise results for characterizing maize inbred lines, however detailed study including various environments needs to be undertaken in future.
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