STANDARDIZATION OF AGRO-TECHNIQUES FOR TROPICAL GYNOECIOUS CUCUMBER (Cucumis sativus L.) HYBRIDS
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Date
2002-07-12
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri-413 722
Abstract
An investigation was undertaken to exploit the potentiality of tropical gynoecious hybrids namely Phule Prachi and Phule Champa with six levels of fertilizer in two forms (straight fertilizer and fertigation) and three levels of spacings in kharif season of 2000 and summer season of 2001. Studies on staking, pruning and spacing alongwith seed production and phenomenon of parthenocarpy were carried out in the summer season of 2001. Tropical gynoecious cucumber hybrid namely Phule Prachi produced maximum length of vine and number of lateral branches in both the seasons. Length of vine in both the seasons and number of lateral branches in summer season were significantly higher. Phule Champa sowed earliness for days to first male flower and days to first pistillate flower during rainy season whereas Phule Prachi was earlier during summer season. In kharif season, Phule Champa produced the first male flower at the lowest node. In summer season Phule Prachi produced the first male flower at the lowest node. Phule Champa recorded the pistillate flower at the lowest node in both the seasons. Maximum length of fruit was observed in Phule Champa in both the seasons, whereas Phule Prachi recorded maximum fruit weight in kharif season. Maximum number of fruits per vine, yield per vine and total yield per hectare were recorded by Phule Champa in both the seasons. Due to occurrence of cold wave during summer season, both the hybrids produced flowers late compared to the normal period. High dose of solid water soluble fertilizer (SWSF) and straight fertilizer (SF) 250:150:150 NPK kg/ha influenced the length of vine and number of lateral branches per plant respectively during summer. Days to first male flower was significantly influenced by high dose of SF in kharif season. Medium dose (200:125:125 NPK kg/ha) and high dose of SWSF treatments were at par for days to first pistillate flower during summer season of 2001. The lowest node at which the first male flower was produced when high dose of SF was applied during kharif season. The length of fruit was significantly influenced by high dose of SF and SWSF in summer and rainy season respectively. Fruit weight was found to be higher whereas medium and high dose of SWSF applied during kharif and summer season respectively. Maximum number of fruits per plant, yield per vine and total yield per hectare were significantly influenced when high dose of SWSF was applied in both the seasons. Wider spacing favoured to produce maximum number of lateral branches per vine and minimum days to first male flower during kharif season. Diameter of fruit and fruit weight were significantly influenced by medium and wider spacing during summer season respectively. Maximum number of fruits per vine, yield per vine and total yield per hectare were exhibited by wider spacing in both the seasons. Maximum number of lateral branches per vine was influenced by 1.6 x 0.45 m spacing with pruned and staked treatment. Maximum number of fruits per vine and yield per vine were recorded in wider spacing. However, maximum total yield per hectare was observed in close spacing. Significantly maximum yield of Fi hybrid seed was obtained under open pollinated conditions when female to male plant ratio was maintained at 8 :1. Tropical gynoecious line and tropical gynoecious hybrids were 100 per cent parthenocarpic. Considering the yield performance, both the hybrids were noted to be high yielding. Both the hybrids responded to high dose of fertilizer. Better response was found with solid water soluble fertilizer (250:150:150 NPK kg/ha). Wide spacing of 1.80 x 0.60 m was found to be optimum for 2 plants per hill. For pruning and stake culture the close spacing recorded the highest yield. Female to male ratio 8 :1 was appropriate for F1 hybrid seed production under open pollinated conditions. Due to parthenocarpic nature, both the hybrids can produce the fruits without pollination.
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