GENETIC VARIABILITY STUDIES IN PETUNIA (Petunia hvbrida.)

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Date
2004-11-01
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MAHATMA PHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH, RAHURI. 413 722, DIST. AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Abstract
The investigation on "Genetic variability studies in Petunia {Petunia hybrida.)" was carried out with a objective to study variation for morphological characters, association between different characters and also direct and indirect effect of different yield contributing character on yield among the various genotypes. Twenty genotypes were evaluated in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications during winter season of 2003 - 2004. Data was recorded on different characters. The analysis of variance revealed that the mean sum of square for all the characters studied is significant which indicate the presence of appreciable amount of variation among the genotypes. The mean sum of square was highest for leaf area, (26744.97), number of leaves (1031.5), plant spread (542.28), days for first flowering (139.77) and number of flowers per plant (90.444) indicating variability for these characters in the genotypes. Mean performance of genotypes Blue Monarch (0.570), Snowball White (5.07), Pocha-1 (4.83) were highest for flower longitivity whereas genotypes, Blue Monarch (33.48), Pocha-1 (21.77) and Petunia Red (21.67) were highest for number of flowers per plant. The parameters oF genetic variability revealed high GCV values for leaf area (31.46), number of flowers (31.0127), plant height (25.85). The highest PCV values were observed for number of flower per plant (31.48), Leaf area (31.46) and plant height (26.77). The PCV values ware higher than GCV values for all the traits while difference between PCV and GCV was very less for all the characters. The heritability estimates were very high for leaf area (99.95 %), flower diameter (98.72%), plant spread (98.86 %) and number of flowers per plant (97.03 %) and heritability (broad sense) recorded above 80% for all the characters. Genetic advance was highest for leaf area (194.43) and number of flowers per plant (116.97). Correlation studies revealed that number of flowers per plant was highly, significantly and positively correlated with number of branches per plant (0.743), plant spread (0.601) and leaf area (0.545). Whereas longitivity of flower on plant was highly, significantly and positively correlated with number of flower (0.543). Number of branches per plant (0.6014) recorded the maximum positive direct effect on number of flowers followed by leaf area (0.369), and plant spread (0.0154). Whereas flower diameter (-0.397) recorded greatest negative effect on number of flowers per plant. Leaf area (0.229) recorded highest positive direct effect on longitivity of flower on plant followed by number of flowers per plant (0.0168) while flower diameter showed greatest negative direct effect on flower longitivity. Based on the results in the present investigation the genotype viz., Blue Monarch, Red Gradiflora, Pocha 1, Pocha 2 and Super White should be considered as parent material in further breeding programme for obtaining superior hybrids.
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