EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON SUMMER CROP PRODUCTION IN TOMATO (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
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Date
2000-07-03
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MAHATMA PHULE KRISH1 VTDYAPEETH, RAHURI-4I3 722, DIST.AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken during the summer season (January-July) of 1997 at the Vegetable Research Farm of the Horticulture Department, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri with a view to find out the varietal differences, promising growth substances for increasing flowering and fruiting behaviour and effect of plant growth regulators on yield and quality. The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomised Block Design with three replications. Three growth substances with four concentrations in each viz., NAA (0, 25, 50 and 75 ppm), GA (0, 15, 30, 45 ppm) and 4 CPA (0, 25, 50, 75 ppm) were sprayed on two varieties of tomato viz., Dhanashree and Rajashree. The spray was done at 50 per cent flowering stage. The observations on different growth parameters such as plant height, number of primary branches, flowering parameters such as number of days for 50 per cent flowering, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster, fruit set percentage, fruit characters such as equatorial and polar diameter, fruit weight, disease and physiological parameters such as per cent leaf curl virus, deformed fruit percentage, sun scalding percentage, fruit cracking percentage and quality and yield were recorded. The studies revealed significant differences in the plant height, number of primary branches due to the growth substances Gibberellic acid and 4 CPA over control. Number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster and yield due to the growth substances 4 CPA and GA found to be maximum over control. The fruit set percentage was maximum with NAA at higher concentration (75 ppm) followed by 4 CPA at 75 ppm. Regarding the effect of growth substances on fruit character polar, equitorial diameter and fruit weight 4 CPA at 75 ppm superior than other growth substances under study. In case of deformed fruit percentage and fruit cracking percentage NAA@ 25 ppm was found to be effective to reduce the deformed fruit percentage and fruit cracking percentage. NAA @ 50 ppm was superior to reduce the sun scalding percentage. Studying the above parameters cv. Rajashree was found to be superior over cv. Dhanashree in summer season. Based on the above findings, the application of NAA and 4 CPA at the rate of 75 ppm can be recommended for increasing the fruit set and total yield, for summer season in cv. Rajashree.
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