EFFECT OF SOWING DATES ON PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF GRAINS AND NITRATE REDUCTASE ACTIVITY IN THREE MATURITY GROUP PIGEONPEA GENOTYPES
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MAHATMA PHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH, RAHURI - 4 1 3 722, DIST. AHMEDNAGAR MAHARASHTRA STATE ,INDIA
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the proximate composition of the grains of three maturity group pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) genotypes, the seeds of which were collected from the field grown genotypes sown on four sowing dates and obtained from the Principal Scientist, Pulses mprovement Project of this University. In \v Abstract Contd... Miss V.D. Pawar addition, an enzyme nitrate reductase was characterized from the trifoliate leaves of pigeonpea by an in vivo method. The activity of nitrate reductase was also determined from the leaves of high protein pigeonpea genotypes representing one each of the three maturity groups grown from the seeds obtained from four sowing dates viz., 25 June, 10 July, 25 July and 10 August, 2003 and was compared with their grain protein contents. The grains of three maturity group pigeonpea genotypes obtained on four sowing dates were analysed for biochemical parameters such as ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, total arbohydrates and limiting amino acids, methionine and tryptophan. The varying sowing dates showed marginal variation in mean moisture content in grains of these genotypes. The mean values for ash (4.19%), crude protein (21.94%), crude fat (2.23%), limiting amino acids such as methionine (0.962 g 16 g-*N) and tryptophan (0.916 g 16 g^N) in the grains of pigeonpea g notypes sown on 10 July, 2003were the highest as compared to the values obtained from the grains of /other sowing dates. The values were closely followed by the values obtained from the grains of the genotypes sown on 25 June. However, the values for biochemical parameters7^7.53 W l Abstract Contd... Miss V.D. Pawar declined in grains of late sown genotypes. Crude fibre and carbohydrate contents, however, increased in the grains of pigeonpea genotypes sown after 10 July. The in vivo NR assays were standardized in terms of infiltration media components such as nitrate (10 mM), npropanol (1%, v/v) and Triton-X-100 (0.05%, v/v). The NR activity from various leaves of 21-day-old high protein pigeonpea genotypes (one from each maturity group) grown from the seeds obtained from four sowing dates was also determined. The highest nitrate reductase activity was observed in the leaves of ICPL-87, an early maturity group genotype. The NR activity was the highest in the leaves of pigeonpea genotypes grown from the seeds obtained from the sowing date of 10 July, followed by sowing date of 25 June. The level of NR activity, however, declined in the leaves of pigeonpea genotypes grown from the seeds obtained from genotypes seeded after 10 July. The cotyledonary leaves had the highest NR activity, followed by first and second trifoliateleaves of all the three j>/^&ov)jW genotypes. The level of NR activity in leaves and protein content in the grains of these pigeonpea genotypes suggested that sowing between 25 June W l l Abstract Contd... Miss V.D. Pawar to 10 July appears to be the appropriate time of sowing for obtaining higher crude protein content in the grains of pigeonpea genotypes. Further, the highest NR activityappeared to be confined to petioles as compared to other plant parts indicating the petioles as the major site of nitratereduction in pigeonpea.
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sowing, intercropping, wheats, tillage equipment, seed drilling, crops, mustard, fertilizers, land resources, chickpeas