DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN COTTON USING SOLUBLE PROTEIN PROFILES, ISOZYME PATTERNS AND RAPD MARKERS
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Date
2004-01-19
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MAHATMA PHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH, RAHURI - 413 722, DIST.AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Abstract
The genus Gossypium comprises of eight cytogenetically defined diploid genome groups (A to G and K). The present investigation entitled "Diversity analysis in cotton using soluble protein profiles, isozyme patterns and RAPD markers" has been undertaken to understand the genetic relatedness among the species within a genus and between the species across the genome. The genetic relationship among the Gossypium species (cultivated, wild and primitive races) was assessed using soluble proteins, two isozyme systems and seven RAPD primers. The electrophoretic spectra of soluble proteins from 19 species when resolved on 15% polyacrylamide gel exhibited fifty-five distinct polypetide bands with relative mobility (Rm) ranging from 0.05 to 0.90, which showed uniformity as well as diversity of pattern within and between genomic groups. The similarity index (SI) which indicates evolutionary affinity between the species ranged from 24 to 89 %. Comparison of the SI values between species which are evolutionary xviiiAbst. contd.... apart had minimum SI values. The species belonging to the samegenomic group also exhibited diversity. The cultivated diploid species Garboreum was found to be quite closely related to G. triphylum (Bgenome)and distantly related to G. davidsonii (D-genome). Multimericisozyme (esterase) profile reflected the complexity of the genus Gossypium. The esterase pattern indicated possible heteroalleliccombinations within species. The peroxidase banding pattern howeverwas monomorphic. It is advisable to screen more enzymes and use additional enzymes for making it more effective and discriminatory. RAPD analysis exhibited a primer specific amplification profile. Amaximum of 66 amplified fragment were resolved with OPD-15 primer,whereas a minimum of 27 fragments were resolved with OPA-12 primer.Seven primers showing amplification with almost all the twelve species were tested and the reproducibility was confirmed. The average similaritycoefficient between the pecies as determined by Nei and Li's rangedfrom 0.22 to 0.94. A binary matrix of all the bands present in each species was generated and the pairwise genetic similarities between the species under study were determined using UPGMA clustering algorithm. Dendogram showed more diversity within species belonging to Dgenome.The UPGMA analysis revealed that the species from F and G genome to be more divergent. A species from the C-genome G. nelsonii also appeared to be unique and more divergent. The RAPD results in comparison to the protein electrophoresis revealed more discriminatory power as evident from polymorphic amplification profile among species belonging to the same genome. The study demonstrated usefulness of both soluble protein electrophoresis and RAPD for diversity analysis. Use XIX Abst. contd.... of more isozyme systems (>5) and more number of random primers needs to be attempted for ascertaining the genetic relationship more effectivelyamong the species.
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