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  • ArticleItemOpen Access
    HUMAN-ELEPHANT CONFLICT: CASE STUDY FROM TAMIL NADU
    (2016) Senthilkumar K; Mathialagan P; Manivanan C; et al.; TANUVAS
    In India, the increase in population of elephant with no increase in forest area poses danger to the farmers of both small scale subsistence agriculture and international agribusiness. This leads to human-elephant conflict to get place in major national and regional newspapers. There are cases of human kill, human injury, cattle kill, house damage and crop damage and also retaliatory killing of wild elephants. Hence a case study was conducted at the Coimbatore district in Tamil Nadu to understand the extent of damage caused by elephants to the farmers and their families in agriculture and animal husbandry. This study confirmed that pretending to be dead after the attack of elephant may help the affected individual at some extent. The common reasons for the intrusion of elephants into cultivable land are the replacement of elephant habitat by agriculture, increased elephant population, etc., The main strategy to mitigate the HEC is change in cultivation practices, use of modern ICT tools to drive away the intruding elephants.
  • ArticleItemOpen Access
    Utilization Pattern on Use of Mobile Phones among Small Ruminant Farmers in Tirunelveli District
    (2018) Senthilkumar S; Manivannan C; Suresh Kannan S; TANUVAS
    The mobile phone has emerged as one ofthe widely accepted and adopted ICT tool to deliver the information in agriculture, livestock and allied sectors. Though mobile phone in the livestock sector is considered as an emerging tool, there is a need to study the utilisation pattern on use ofmobile phone among thefarmers who were engaged in animal husbandry enterprises‘ Accordingly, 60 sheep and 60 goatfarmers were selected randomly in Tirunelveli District ofTarnil Nadu that constituted a sample size of120for this study. The primary data were collected from the selected respondents by using well structured pre-tested interview schedule. The study revealed that, majority of the respondents (77450 per cent) owned mobile phones and only 22.50 percent did not have mobile phones. About 28.33 per cent ofrespondents used the mobile phones for contact with extension personnel to get livestock related information. As regard to credibility of information received through mobile phone, 40.83 per cent trust the information to a great extent whereas 40.00 per cent of the respondents reported to trust it to some extent. About 50.00 per cent of the respondents faced signal problem while using mobile phone and 28.33 per centfaced other constraints such as language and voice problem‘ The study concluded thatalrnostall the respondents were using mobile phones regularlyfor retrieving information on aniinalhusbandry related information depending on their needs. Hence, it is recommended to develop mobile application software in small ruminants as decision support system to cater to the infmnation needs of farmers.
  • ArticleItemOpen Access
    Development of mobile based technology transfer application system to empower the small ruminant farmers
    (2021) SENTHILKUMAR S; MANIVANNAN C; SURESHKANNAN S; TANUVAS
    Mobile app is one of the means to strengthen the bridge between research system and farming system. Hence, the present study has focused to identify and prioritize the information needs of small ruminant farmers to develop mobile based application software. Data were collected from 40 researchers of Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, 60 extension personnel of the State Animal Husbandry Department and 100 small ruminant farmers of Tirunelveli district by questionnaire method. The responses for each item were measured on a five point continuum, i.e. most needed, more needed, needed, less needed and least needed. The mean was calculated and the item above the mean, i.e 24 items were considered as the identified needs that include topics on breed and breeding (three), feeding (five), management (five), disease control (six) and marketing (five). Based on the identified and prioritized needs, the contents were framed in Tamil and English languages which includes, video clipping and photos collection. Accordingly, a mobile based application software was developed in android platform in order to impart the scientific knowledge of small ruminant farming system in local language to the end users. Perception on the usefulness of developed android based mobile app was captured among 60 randomly selected small ruminant farmers and 60 extension personnel who had android mobile phone that constituted a sample size of 120. The overall perception of the extension personnel (4.1) and farmers (4.0) on the mobile app ranged from most satisfactory to satisfactory.
  • ArticleItemOpen Access
    SITUATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF DAIRY FARMERS OF KANNUR DISTRICT IN KERALA
    (2009) Vidya P; Manivannan C; Sudeepkumar NK; TANUVAS
    A study was carried out to know the situational and psychological characteristics of dairy farmers of Kanner district in Kerala. Sixty dairy farmers were selected as respondents for the study by proportionate random sampling technique amongst the member dairy farmers of four milk co-operative societies identified in Kanner block. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the respondents possessed small herd size, medium level of milk production (3.66 to 11.2 litres per day), medium contact with extension agency, innovation proneness, economic motivation and decision making behaviour with considerable yeasr of experience in dairy farming. Their mass media exposure was medium to high and most of them were old aged with primary to secondary education.
  • ArticleItemOpen Access
    Clinical Signs, Activity Indices and Prognostic Indicators in Dogs with Idiopathic Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    (2023) Sandhya Bhavani M; Kavitha S; Vairamuthu S; Vijayarani K; Abid Ali Bhat
    Background: Canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes a set of diseases characterized by the presence of recurrent gastrointestinal clinical signs and histologic evidence of intestinal inflammation. Diagnosis can only be made by excluding other possible causes of enteritis. Since the diagnosis of this disease is of great challenge to the veterinarians and currently very little work have been carried out in India, the present study was planned and conducted to study the clinicopathological changes and prognostic indicators of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in dogs. Methods: After a detailed clinical, laboratoty and endoscopic examination, 33 IBD dogs with signs of chronic gastrointestinal disorders and histologic evidence of mucosal lymphocytic plasmacytic infiltration were selected for the study. Result: Moderate to severe form of IBD with haematochezia as a chief complaint was predominantly recorded. Haematobiochemical changes were not remarkable except a rise in serum alkaline phosphatase level. Decreased IgA expression was observed in serum by flowcytometry indicating impaired mucosal immunity in IBD dogs. It was observed that, increased clinical inflammatory bowel disease activity index score (CIBDAI), increased C-Reactive Protein, decreased cobalamin and folate may act as negative predictors in idiopathic IBD.
  • ArticleItemOpen Access
    Adipogenic Differentiation of Canine Hair Follicle Stem Cells (cHFSCs)
    (2023) Hemavathi N; Sabiha Hayath Basha; Usha Kumary S; Sivashankar R; TANUVAS
    Background: Homeostasis in adult body is maintained by stem cells which is a powerful reservoir harbored in the body which regenerate tissue and in response to disease and injury. Hair follicle is a dynamic mini organ supporting important biological functions of the body in maintaining homeostasis and skin tissue self-renewal. Hair follicle protects the body from cold and potential injuries. To know the pluripotency nature of hair follicle stem cells,a study was conducted on canine HFSCs (cHFSCs). Methods: In-vitro culture of cHFSCs was done by William’s E medium with several growth factors and passaged. Stemness of the cultured cells was assessed by immunostaining of cells with Anti-cytokeratin 15 (CK15) marker. Viability of cells was checked by acridine orange staining and passage 2 cells were induced for adipogenic differentiation using adipogenic induction media for a period of seven days. Result: A spindle shaped cell with accumulation of fat droplets was observed in differentiated cHFSCs. Differentiated cHFSCs were positively stained for Oil Red ‘O’ staining. Thus, this research proves that cHFSCs were multipotent cells which can be differentiated into many other type of cells such as adipocytes, chondrocytes, etc.
  • ArticleItemOpen Access
    Quality Improvements in Public Livestock Services Delivery: Are Farmers Ready to Pay? An Inquiry in South India
    (2013) Kathiravan G; Thirunavukkarasu M; TANUVAS
    Farmers Willingness To Pay (WTP) for improving the quality of public livestock services delivery, in terms of Service Provider and Farmer Relationship (SPFR), chance of recovery from ailments and chance of conception following Artificial Insemination (AI), was assessed through Contingent Valuation (CV) in southern peninsular state of India, the Tamil Nadu State. The districts of the state were categorized as ‘Livestock Developed’ (LD) and ‘Livestock Under Developed’ (LUD) based on initial base line developed. Contingent Valuation (CV) approach and Tobit regressions were used to assess variations in the stated Willingness To Pay (WTP) values, and the probability of stating a positive WTP value for respondents who declared that they were not willing to pay. Overall, the respondents in the study area were willing to pay INR 3.91 for improving the SPFR attribute of the public veterinary centre, while they were ready to pay INR 5.84 for augmenting the chances of recovery from illness by the services of public veterinary centres. In order to benefit from improved chance of conception of their bovines after AI, the farmers were willing to pay INR 11.71. An absolute concordance on the levels of attributes and the variations in the stated positive WTP values for quality improvements was noticed. Tobit regression analyses on the improvements of all above attributes indicated that the farmers who were at disadvantaged levels of an attribute were willing to pay more compared to those at an advantaged level.
  • ArticleItemOpen Access
    Economic Analysis of Metabolic Diseases in Bovines: A Review
    (2013) Senthilkumar V; Mohamed Safiullah A; Kathiravan G; et al.; TANUVAS
    In a dairy farming, among more diseases, metabolic/calving diseases are of great concern to dairy producers worldwide. Dairy cattle metabolic disorders, which are disease related to disturbance of one or more metabolic processes in the organism. This paper presents an overview the evaluation of the economic impact of metabolic diseases in bovines. References will be limited to economics rather than general focus, with emphasis on the most current reviews. The search was performed with the key words being part of the title, descriptors and / or appearing anywhere in the reference in order to find as many papers dealing with metabolic diseases as possible. The important metabolic diseases such as ketosis, milk fever and downer cow complex are discussed under two headings viz., prevalence/incidence rate and quantification of economic loss.
  • ArticleItemOpen Access
    Study on Effect of Environmental Influences on Pre-Weaning Growth Traits in Mecheri Sheep
    (2016) Balan C; Kathiravan G; Thirunavukkarasu M; Jeichitra V; TANUVAS
    Analysis of pre-weaning growth rate performance in Mecheri sheep was carried out using age-wise body weight data of Mecheri lambs maintained at Mecheri Sheep Research Station, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pottaneri. The age-wise data for the period of twenty four years from 1991 to 2014 were considered for this study. Besides analysing the effects of environmental influences, viz., period of lambing, season of lambing and sex of lamb born on pre-weaning growth traits were also analysed. In addition, the overall leastsquares means of pre- weaning AGR (g/day) measures was 79.97 ± 0.56. Period of birth, season of lambing and sex of lamb born were a highly significant (P < 0.01) source of variation in influencing the measures of pre-weaning AGR (g/day) was estimated. Among the least-squares means obtained for pre- weaning AGR (g/day) measured at different period of lambing, the maximum value (99.37 ± 1.04) was found in period 6 (2011 - 2014) and minimum (60.61± 1.53) in period 1 (1991 - 1994) lambing. Besides, season 2 (July- September) lambing was found highest (93.90 ± 0.78) pre-weaning AGR (g/day) and lowest (61.84 ± 0.81) in season 1(January-March) lambing. Similarly, male lamb had maximum (84.84±0.85) pre-weaning AGR (g/day) than female lamb (74.79 ± 0.71) also estimated.