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Agriculture University, Jodhpur
Agriculture University, Jodhpur was established on 14th September, 2013 by Government of Rajasthan under Agriculture University, Jodhpur Act 21 of 2013 to focus on holistic development of arid and semi-arid regions of the state covering 6 districts (Jodhpur, Barmer, Nagaur, Pali, Jalore and Sirohi), constituting 28% of total geographical area which is sustaining 20.8% human and 28.4% animal population of the state. The districts under jurisdiction of the university cover 3 agro-ecological zones of the state. These are Arid Western Plain Zone Ia (Jodhpur and Barmer districts), Transitional plain of Luni Basin Zone IIb (Jalore, Pali, and Sirohi districts) and part of Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone IIa (Nagaur district). The university has 1 institute of diploma and 3 colleges to produce highly competent educated human resources in agriculture and allied sciences besides 2 agricultural research stations, one each in zone Ia & IIb and 3 agricultural research sub stations, one in each zone to prepare, plan and perform highly need based research in this acute water scarce but naturally rich bio-diversified zone of the country. The third most important part in tri-pillar (Teaching, Research & Extension) of agricultural development, the extension for transfer of technologies are reached to doorsteps of the farming community by 6 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (K-V-Ks), 2 in Nagaur district and 1 each in Jodhpur, Barmer, Jalore & Sirohi districts under the umbrella of the university. The different units of teaching, research and extension are coordinating to systematically run by the headquarter situated at Mandor, Jodhpur.
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of Seed Priming, Plant Bioregulators and Boron on Qualitative and Quantitative Performance of Bottle Gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.](Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2024-04-06) Anupama; Moond, S.K.The present experiment entitled “Effect of seed priming, plant bioregulators and boron on qualitative and quantitative performance of Bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]” was conducted under Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications using cultivar Pusa Naveen at the Instructional Farm and Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Jodhpur during summer seasons of 2020 and 2021. The research was conducted into two sub experiments. In the first experiment, the seeds of bottle gourd cultivar Pusa Naveen were primed with 7 different priming agents with 2 different soaking periods (12 and 24 hours) keeping unprimed seeds as control which consisted fifteen treatments i.e. Osmopriming with PEG 6000 @ -0.5 MPa for 12 and 24 hrs, Harmonal priming with GA3 @ 100 ppm for 12 and 24 hrs, Halopriming with Na2HPO4 @ 1% for 12 and 24 hrs, KH2PO4 @ 1% for 12 and 24 hrs, KNO3 @ 2% for 12 and 24 hrs and CaCl2 @ 2% for 12 and 24 hrs and Hydropriming with distilled water for 12 and 24 hrs and a control (untreated). It was found that seeds primed with GA3 @100 ppm for 24 hrs (T11) exhibited best results in terms of germination percentage (95.86%), speed of germination (7.25 days), field emergence (86.68%), speed of field emergence (5.22 days), seedling root length (12.04 cm), shoot length (19.74 cm), seedling length (31.78 cm), seedling dry weight (1.17 g), vigour index-I (2755) and vigour index- II (101.87) which was closely followed by PEG 6000 @-0.5MPa for 24hrs (T10) on the basis of pooled analysis. In the field study parameters, treatment of seeds with GA3 @100 ppm for 24 hrs proved to be the best treatment for characters like days to first female flower anthesis (57.46 days), 50 per cent flowering (58.23 days), vine length (5.56 m), number of primary branches (9.87), days to first picking (69.58 days), number of fruits per vine (8.63), fruit length (27.29 cm), fruit diameter (6.67 cm), fruit weight (682 g) and fruit yield per vine (6.07 kg/ha) and yield per ha (270.29 q) with maximum net returns (Rs.1,96,053) and B:C ratio (3.64). Amongst the various seed priming treatments, Bottle gourd seeds were primed with GA3 @100 ppm for 24 hours was rated as the most cost-effective treatment which produced the maximum fruit yield per hectare, net returns and B:C ratio. The second experiment consisted 21 treatment combinations i.e three plant bioregulators (Ethrel, NAA and GA3) with two different concentration and two levels of boron applied at 2 to 4 true leaf stage and 30 days after first spray during both the years. The results showed that borax 0.05% + ethrel 500 ppm (T11) significantly increased the plant growth, yield and quality parameters as compared to control treatment. On the basis of pooled analysis, the longest vine length (5.83 m) was recorded with the treatment borax 0.05% + GA3 50 ppm. The minimum number of days to first male flower anthesis (43.83 days), minimum days to first female flower anthesis (45.40 days), minimum days to 50 per cent flowering (46.05 days), minimum days to first picking (58.37 days), lowest number of node on which first female flower appeared (14.04), highest number of primary branches per vine (11.73), highest number of nodes on main vine (54.86), maximum number of fruits per vine (9.07), maximum fruit yield per vine (6.43 kg) and per hectare (286.15q/ha), maximum TSS (3.47 ᵒBrix) and ascorbic acid content (7.59 mg/100g) were recorded with borax 0.05% + ethrel 500 ppm (T11) which was statistically at par with the treatments borax 0.05% + NAA 100 ppm and borax 0.05% + NAA 200 ppm on pooled basis. The longest fruit (27.88 cm) with maximum diameter (6.95 cm) and the heaviest fruit weight (720 g) were recorded under the treatment borax @ 0.05% + NAA 200 ppm (T15) on pooled basis. Based on economics, borax @ 0.05% + ethrel 500 ppm was found to be more profitable in terms of net returns (Rs. 2,16,451 per ha) with highest B:C ratio (4.11) followed by foliar spray of NAA @100 and 200 ppm with borax @ 0.05%. On the basis of experimental findings, it is concluded that bottle gourd cv. Pusa Naveen sprayed with borax 0.05% + ethrel 500 ppm (T11) at 2 to 4 true leaf stage and 30 days after first spray provided the maximum income with a cost benefit ratio.ThesisItem Open Access Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies for Yield and Component Characters in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Over Different Seasons(Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2022-03-12) Kherwa, Radhe Shyam; Bhardwaj, Raju LalAn investigation was undertaken with a view to evaluate the magnitude of heterosis, combining ability, G x E interactions and stability parameters for fruit yield and its component characters following Line × Tester design involving (4 females and 8 males) varieties/genotypes of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.). These twelve parents and their 32 F1s with Pusa Uttam as standard check were tested for sixteen characters under three growing transplanting season. viz., E1: Summer Season – April, E2: Kharif Season – July, E3: Early Winter Season – October, in the year of 2020-2021, at Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Jodhpur, in randomized block design with three replications. The analysis of variance for all the traits revealed presence of considerable genetic variability in the genotypes studied. Appreciable influence of environment which showed the genotype × environment interaction was significant for all the characters. While the mean squares due to G × E interactions were significant for most of the traits. The most heterotic crosses over mid parent, better parent and standard check for fruit yield and other contributing characters were PR-5 × BCB-71-1, PR-5 × Swarna Mani, PLR-1 × Swarna Mani, PLR-1 × BCB-71-1, PLR-1 × BCB-464, PR-5 × BCB-464, VR-2 × CO-2, IIHR- 563 × BCB-71-1 and IIHR- 563 × BCB-464. These crosses were considered promising for their use for improvement of yield characters with earliness and quality traits in brinjal. The environment wise combining ability analysis revealed significant differences for gca and sca variances for all the characters indicating importance of both additive and non-additive gene effects in the genetic control of all the characters studied. The mean sum of squares due to females × environments (seasons) were significant for fruit yield which indicated that gca variance of females were influenced by the environments. The combining ability studies indicated that among female parents, PR-5, PLR-1 and VR-2, whereas among male parents BCB-464, BCB-71-1, Swarna Mani and CO-2 were emerged as good general combiners for fruit yield and most of the contributing characters. Whereas, the crosses viz., PR-5 × BCB-71-1, PR-5 × BCB 464, PLR-1 × BCB-71-1, PLR-1 × Swarna Mani, VR-2 × CO-2, IIHR- 563 × BCB 464 and VR-2 × Swarna Mani were exhibited high sca effect for fruit yield and most of the contributing characters. These crosses could be of immense potential in brinjal improvement programme. The analysis of variance of phenotypic stability indicated highly significant G × E interaction for most of the traits indicating differential response of genotypes to varied environments. The mean sum of squares due to pooled deviation (non-linear) were also significant for most of the characters indicating role of unpredictable causes affecting stability and the prediction of these attributes would be difficult. Joint consideration of mean performance and stability parameters revealed that parents BCB-464, BCB-71-1, PR-5, IIHR- 563, Swarna Mani and PLR-1 was more responsive for fruit yield and associated characters, therefore these were considered suitable for better environment. The crosses PR-5 × BCB-464, PR-5 × BCB-71-1, PLR-1 × BCB-71-1, PLR-1 × Swarna Mani, IIHR- 563 × BCB-71-1 and PLR-1 × BCB-464 was stable over wide range of environments for most of fruit yield traits with earliness and quality attributes, showing their suitability for variable environments. Overall, on the basis of high per se performance, significant gca effects for fruit yield with earliness as well as quality characters and stability, the parents PR-5, BCB-464, BCB-71-1, PLR-1 and Swarna Mani were found superior. Out of 32 crosses studied, PR-5 × BCB-464, PR-5 × BCB-71-1, PLR-1 × BCB-71-1, PLR-1 × BCB-464 and PLR-1 × Swarna Mani were found to have superior on the basis of high per se performance, sca effects, significant heterotic effect in desirable direction and good stability in all three environments as well as poled over environments for fruit yield and most of the associated traits like earliness and quality traits, offer good opportunity for future brinjal improvement programme.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of Water Regimes, Land Configurations and Mulching on Growth, Yield and Quality of Onion (Allium cepa L.)(Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2023-09-25) Jat, Asha; Moond, S.K.The present experiment entitled “Effect of Water Regimes, Land Configurations and Mulching on Growth, Yield and Quality of Onion (Allium cepa L.)” was conducted at Instructional farm, College of Agriculture, Jodhpur during rabi season of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. The experiment had 24 treatments in Split-Split Plot Design including three factors i.e., A) one main factor: water regime having three levels (I1 - 1.0 IW/CPE, I2 - 0.8 IW/CPE and I3 - 0.6 IW/CPE) and two sub factors B) land configuration having two levels (B1 - flat bed and B2 - raised bed) and C) mulching having four levels (M1 - no mulch, M2 - black mulch, M3 - silver-black mulch and M4 - white-black mulch). The 0.8 IW/CPE water regime substantially enhanced growth, yield and quality attributes of onion viz., plant height (50.26 cm), leaf length (45.01 cm), leaf diameter (18.93 mm), neck length (5.25 cm), number of leaves per plant (13.32), neck diameter (21.28 mm), time taken to maturity (114.77 days), bolting (1.68%), leaf chlorophyll content (19.25 µg/100g), leaf N content (173.68 mg/100g), leaf P content (42.09 mg/100g), leaf K content (224.54 mg/100g), leaf S content (0.44%), weight of fresh bulb (80.75 g), weight of cured bulb (72.15 g), polar diameter of bulb (5.32 cm), equatorial diameter of bulb (5.99 cm), number of bulb scales (11.49), thickness of bulb scale (2.58 mm), bulb yield (33.37 t/ha), dry matter content (17.35%), double bulb (1.90%), sulphur content (0.49%), allyl propyl disulphide content (6.92 µmol/g), weight loss (6.00%, 14.71% and 34.52% at 30, 60, 90 DOS, respectively) and bulb rotting (2.49% and 5.42% at 60 and 90 DOS, respectively) over 0.6 IW/CPE on the basis of pooled analysis. Additionally, significantly higher net returns (` 3,51,684 per ha) and B:C ratio (3.36) were also recorded with 0.8 IW/CPE. This treatment remained at par with 1.0 IW/CPE. However the maximum water use efficiency (67.98 kg/ha-mm) was recorded with 0.6 IW/CPE. The raised bed land configuration significantly improved growth, yield and quality attributes of onion viz., plant height (51.03 cm), leaf length (45.71 cm), leaf diameter (19.28 mm), neck length (5.32 cm), number of leaves per plant (13.49), neck diameter (22.04 mm), time taken to maturity (115.30 days), bolting (1.74%), leaf chlorophyll content (19.68 µg/100g), leaf N content (175.46 mg/100g), leaf P content (42.73 mg/100g), leaf K content (226.78 mg/100g), leaf S content (0.44%), weight of fresh bulb (82.04 g), weight of cured bulb (74.40 g), polar diameter of bulb (5.41 cm), equatorial diameter of bulb (6.13 cm), number of bulb scales (11.67), thickness of bulb scale (2.58 mm), bulb yield (34.14 t/ha), dry matter content (17.59%), double bulb (2.03%), sulphur content (0.49%), allyl propyl disulphide content (6.96 µmol/g), net returns (` 3,62,804 per ha), B:C ratio (3.43) and water use efficiency (63.31 kg/ha-mm) over the flat bed land configuration on pooled basis. The application of black mulch considerably enhanced the growth, yield and quality attributes viz., plant height (52.50 cm), leaf length (46.99 cm), leaf diameter (19.68 mm), neck length (5.51 cm), number of leaves per plant (13.79), neck diameter (22.15 mm), time taken to maturity (116.36 days), bolting (1.86%), leaf chlorophyll content (19.80 µg/100g), leaf N content (177.78 mg/100g), leaf P content (43.17 mg/100g), leaf K content (229.56 mg/100g), leaf S content (0.44%) weight of fresh bulb (82.64 g), weight of cured bulb (75.58 g), polar diameter of bulb (5.44 cm), equatorial diameter of bulb (6.29 cm), number of bulb scales (11.75), thickness of bulb scale (2.66 mm), bulb yield (34.47 t/ha), dry matter content (17.94%), double bulb (2.08%), sulphur content (0.49%), allyl propyl disulphide content (7.00 µmol/g), weight loss (6.08%, 15.12% and 35.48% at 30, 60, 90 DOS, respectively) and bulb rotting (2.58% and 5.59% at 60 and 90 DOS, respectively) over white-mulch and no mulch on the basis of pooled data, but remained at par with silver-black mulch. Moreover, significantly enhanced net returns (` 3,67,291 per ha), B:C ratio (3.45) and water use efficiency (63.91 kg/ha-mm) were also recorded with black mulch. The most profound interaction effect with the maximum neck diameter (24.89 mm), weight of fresh bulb (94.26 g), weight of cured bulb (85.23 g), polar diameter of bulb (6.24 cm), number of bulb scales (12.52), bulb yield (39.25 t/ha), net returns (` 4,38,927 per ha) and B: C ratio (3.93) was found with I1×B2 on pooled basis. Similarly, the most improved weight of fresh bulb (96.13 g), polar diameter (6.29 cm), bulb yield (39.99 t/ha), net returns (` 4,49,581 per ha) and B:C ratio (3.99) were observed with I1×M2 (being at par with I1×M3). The maximum weight of fresh bulb (90.35 g), weight of cured bulb (81.58 g), bulb yield (37.79 t/ha), net returns (` 416746 per ha), B:C ratio (3.77) and water use efficiency (69.37 kg/ha-mm) were observed in B2×M2 (being at par with B2×M3). The maximum weight of fresh bulb (110.83 g), bulb yield (46.59 t/ha) and net returns (` 5,48,071 per ha) were recorded under I1×B2×M2. Thus, based on pooled data analysis, it may be concluded that the application of 0.8 IW/CPE, raised bed land configuration and black mulch may be recommended for rabi onion cultivation under Agro-Climatic Zone IA (Arid Western Plains Zone) for higher yield of onion.
