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Agriculture University, Jodhpur
Agriculture University, Jodhpur was established on 14th September, 2013 by Government of Rajasthan under Agriculture University, Jodhpur Act 21 of 2013 to focus on holistic development of arid and semi-arid regions of the state covering 6 districts (Jodhpur, Barmer, Nagaur, Pali, Jalore and Sirohi), constituting 28% of total geographical area which is sustaining 20.8% human and 28.4% animal population of the state. The districts under jurisdiction of the university cover 3 agro-ecological zones of the state. These are Arid Western Plain Zone Ia (Jodhpur and Barmer districts), Transitional plain of Luni Basin Zone IIb (Jalore, Pali, and Sirohi districts) and part of Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone IIa (Nagaur district). The university has 1 institute of diploma and 3 colleges to produce highly competent educated human resources in agriculture and allied sciences besides 2 agricultural research stations, one each in zone Ia & IIb and 3 agricultural research sub stations, one in each zone to prepare, plan and perform highly need based research in this acute water scarce but naturally rich bio-diversified zone of the country. The third most important part in tri-pillar (Teaching, Research & Extension) of agricultural development, the extension for transfer of technologies are reached to doorsteps of the farming community by 6 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (K-V-Ks), 2 in Nagaur district and 1 each in Jodhpur, Barmer, Jalore & Sirohi districts under the umbrella of the university. The different units of teaching, research and extension are coordinating to systematically run by the headquarter situated at Mandor, Jodhpur.
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ThesisItem Open Access Appraisal of Farmers Producer Organizations in Nagaur District of Rajasthan(Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2023-09-04) Dhayal, Vikash; Lal, BanwariIndia is experiencing a paradigm shift from social welfare to welfare capitalism. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to frame a policy that focuses on the "Collectivization of Farmers for Capitalization". The journey has led from the "Cooperative Movement" to the "New Producer Company Movement" where the structure of cooperative societies and the efficiency of a private company are combined. The concept of the FPO (Farmers Producer Organizations) was introduced by a committee headed by economist Y.K. Alagh in the year 2000 and in 2003, the committee passed the Producer Company Act by incorporating Part IX-A into the Company Act of 1956. In recent years, the FPO concept has gained major attention across the country. But how much the new policy on FPOs focuses on farmers' participation and how successful it is at the ground level needs to be assessed. The present study, entitled "Appraisal of Farmers Producer Organizations in Nagaur District of Rajasthan" was undertaken to study the socio-economic profile of FPO members as well as to identify the stakeholders involved in FPO formation. The study also emphasized the institutional and business performance of FPOs, as well as the problems faced by their members and suggestions to strengthen their functioning. The study was conducted in two FPOs in Nagaur district, Rajasthan, with 120 respondents. The members were interviewed personally through a well-structured interview schedule. The respondent’s profiles revealed that most members were from the middle age group, educated up to high secondary, belonged to joint families, and had agriculture as main occupation. Most of them were categorized under the semi-medium category of land holding, were from medium annual income category, associated with one organization of social participation, had a medium level of extension contacts, and medium level of mass media exposure. The main reason behind respondents joining FPOs was to enhance family income and buy inputs at a lower cost. The study also reported that twelve stakeholders were actively involved in the formation of FPOs, and among these funding agencies and customers were the major stakeholders. The performance analysis of FPOs revealed that 50.00 percent of performance indicators were in the medium-level categories, whereas 25.00 percent of the indicators were in the high-level and low-level categories, respectively. However, in the case of business performance, both FPOs were in the yellow zone (average performance), with a score of 71.64. The study also revealed that "Poor credit facilities" and "Heavy paperwork and bookkeeping" were perceived as the most and least severe problems faced by the members, respectively. "Input supply on subsidiary rate" and "Membership charge should be reduced" were perceived as major and minor suggestions by respondents to strengthen the functioning of FPOsThesisItem Open Access Level of Soft Skills among Under-graduate Students of Agriculture University Jodhpur(Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2022-10-09) Choudhary, Ravindra Singh; Lal, BanwariSoft skill is a personal attribute that supports situational awareness and enhances an individual's ability to get a job done. The term soft skills are often used as a synonym for people skills or emotional intelligence. Unlike hard skills, which describe a person's technical ability to perform a specifically-defined task, soft skills are broadly applicable across job titles and industries. It's often said that while hard skills might get someone an interview, soft skills will help that person get (and keep) the job. The term soft skill covers a wide range of skills like teamwork, time management, empathy, integrity and delegation. Research study entitled “Level of Soft Skills among Under-graduate Students of Agriculture University Jodhpur” was undertaken to study the level of soft skill, know the opinion of the under-graduate students towards usefulness of soft skills in teaching and learning and find out the association between dependent and independent variables. The study was conducted in three colleges of agriculture university of Jodhpur (AUJ) with a sample size of 130 respondents. The students interviewed personally by a well-structured interview schedule. The data were collected, tabulated and interpreted using suitable statistical tools. The profiles of the respondents revealed that majority of the students were from rural background, father’s educations were from secondary level, and mother’s education were from primary level. Most of them were educated from Hindi medium school and were categorized under medium category of annual family income. The respondents showed medium involvement in extra-curricular activities, daily basis use of internet, use of computer applications on monthly basis, library use on daily basis, ICAR services. The study also revealed that majority of respondents possessed medium level of soft skills and opinion of the under-graduate students towards usefulness of soft skills in teaching and learning. Native place, father’s education, mother’s education and academic performance were found to be highly significant and Annual family income, Involvement in extra-curricular activity, Medium of instruction at school, Internet exposure, Computer exposure, Library exposure were non-significant with the level soft skill among UG students. Involvement in extra-curricular activity were found to be highly significant and Native place, fathers education, mothers education, academic performance Annual family income, Involvement in extra-curricular activity, Medium of instruction at school, Internet exposure, Computer exposure, Library exposure were non-significant with the level soft skill among UG students.ThesisItem Open Access Behaviour of Onion Growers Towards Integrated Pest Management Practices (IPM) in Jodhpur District of Rajasthan(Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2022-10-12) Gurjar, Kamlesh; Jaitawat, V.S.Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an ecological strategy that focuses on long-term solution of pest through combination of techniques viz. biological control, habitat manipulation, modification of agronomical practices and use of resistant varieties. Application of a single practice to control a specific organism does not mean IPM, even that practice is an essential element of IPM system. Integration of multiple pest suppression techniques has the highest probability of sustaining long-term crop protection. Generally, farmers use pesticides to controlling insect-pests in Onion crop but they are harmful for soil as well as human health. Therefore, it’s important that IPM practice should be adopted so, maintain soil fertility and productivity. Onionis important vegetable as well as spicecrop and have huge demand in India. Like other vegetables, high yield of Onion is not obtained due to a various constraints. Pests and diseases are major constraints in Onion production. Pests such as mites, thrips, armyworms, cutworms, leaf miner and disease like damping off, purple blotch, leaf blight and colletotrichum blight. Out of these Onion thrips (Thripstabaci) is a key pest of that cause 35-45 percent yield loss annually. It is also acts as vector for various viral diseases. This warrants an integrated approach to minimize the yield loss and to obtain good quality marketable bulb. The rapid transfer of improved cultivation practices from lab to land (from research stations to the vegetable growers) would help to thousands of vegetable growers in India. It was observed in study that IPM practices are very essential for the sustainable development of study “Behaviour of Onion Growers towards Integrated Pest Management Practices in Jodhpur District of Rajasthan” the study replied the following objectives. 1) To study the socio-economic status of Onion growers. 2) To measure the extent of utilization behaviour of IPM practices of Onion growers. 3) To ascertain the relationship between the selected variables with utilization behaviour. 4) To find out the constraints in utilization of IPM practices in Onion cultivation Study was conducted in purposely selected Jodhpur district of Rajasthan. The Jodhpur district had sixteen panchayat samities, out of 16 panchayat samiteis namely Tinwari and Osian were selected based on highest area production of Onion cultivation. A complete list of villages with area and production of Onion cultivation were collected from Department of Agriculture Jodhpur, Rajasthan from the identified panchayat samities. Out of ten villages i.e. six from Tiwari and four from Osian were selected. The sample size of 120 respondents. The were farmer interviewed personally by a well-structured interview schedule. The data were collected, tabulated and interpreted using suitable statistical tools. Major findings The overall socio-economic of Onion growers majority of (60.00%) Onion growers belonged to middle age group (From 36 to 53 years), other backward class of the Onion growers suggests that majority (69.17%), and 79.17% had agriculture as their main occupation, 20.83% were educated high school, 54.17% had single nuclear family, 71.67% belonged to medium income from Rs.100000 to 250000, 54.17% possessed medium land holding and most of the Onion growers 58.33% member of one organization 74.17%, middle level extension contact, and were having 63.33% medium level of mass media exposure. Onion growers were having medium socio economic status. It is evident from the study that as a whole majority of farmers (65.83%) had medium utilization of IPM practices followed by high (19.17 %) and low utilization (15.00%). The highest level of utilization was found in respect of application of “cultural practices” was summer ploughing (MPS 75.00, rank I) followed by crop rotation (MPS 71.72, rank II), “Mechincal/physical practices” mass trapping of pests (MPS 65.44, rank I), destruction of crop residues (MPS 59.39, rank II), “Biological practices” conservation of natural enemies (MPS 51.39 rank I), use of parasitoids (MPS 51.11, rank II) “Chemical practices” use of pesticides (MPS 63.72,rank I) and safe application of pesticides (MPS 59.89, rank II), respectively. The results of correlation between the independent & dependent variables showed that the occupation, education, family income, land holding, social participation, extension contacts, mass media exposure were positively and significantly correlated at 0.05 per cent level of significant. However, the variables like age, caste and type of family had shown non - significant relationship with the utilization of IPM practices by the respondents. The major technological constraints found in the cultivation of Onion was “Lack of knowledge about the life cycle of pests and their infection on vegetables” (MPS 74.44 rank I) followed by the economical constraint found in cultivation of Onion, was “non-availability of neem cake at the local level / high cost of neem cake (MPS 72.78 rank I), marketing constraints found in cultivation of Onion, was “lack of market facilities in the local areas” (MPS 76.94 rank I), miscellaneous constraint found in cultivation of Onion, was “lack of co-ordination between various services, supply of marketing agencies” (MPS 77.78 rank I).ThesisItem Open Access Knowledge and Attitude of Farmers towards Soil Health Cards in Nagaur District of Rajasthan(Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2022-09-06) Bera, Antima; Jaitawat, V.S.Soil and water are considered as the back bone of agriculture because soil health plays vital role to ensure sustainable agricultural production. The main causes of deterioration of soil fertility in most of the states in India are application of unbalanced fertilizer, inadequate organic matter, and lack of restoration of declining micro and secondary nutrients. This is the alarm of nature that the soil health should be tested regularly to ensure balanced nutrients application in the soil. As per previous researches the plant requires 17 nutrients for growth. SHC are advising farmers on the fertilizers and their quantities they should apply, and also the soil amendments to get optimum yields. Research study entitled “Knowledge and Attitude of Farmers towards Soil Health Cards in Nagaur District of Rajasthan” was undertaken to study the knowledge level of farmers towards soil health cards, to measure the attitude level of farmers towards soil health cards and relationship between selected independent variables and attitude of respondents towards soil health cards. The study also emphasized to identify the constraints faced by the soil health cards holders. The study was conducted in two villages of two block of Nagaur district with 120 respondents. The farmers were interviewed personally by a well-structured interview schedule. The data was coded, tabulated and analyzed by using suitable statistical tools. The profile of the farmers revealed that majority of the farmers were from middle age group, and had agriculture as main occupation. Most of them were educated middle school level of education, categorized under medium category of land holding, were from medium annual income category, medium level of mass media utilization, medium level of extension contacts and were associated with one organization as means of social participation. The study also revealed that majority of respondents possessed medium level of knowledge about soil health cards. Aspect wise maximum knowledge was about “general information about soil health card” and “information regarding soil sampling” while minimum knowledge was reported in “Advantages of soil health card” and “Information regarding nutrient status”. The results shows that majority of the farmers were found to have favourable attitude towards soil health cards. Farmer had most favourable attitude towards the statements like “I trust that SHC is useful scheme for farmers welfare” and “I believe that SHC provides information about deficient nutrients as well as excess nutrients” and less favourable attitude towards statements such as “I believe that SHC scheme is a blessing for the farmers” and “I believe that SHC scheme is not useful for illiterate farmers”. The education, occupation, size of land holding, income and social participation, mass media utilization, extension contact were found to be positive and significant and age was found to have negative significant association with the attitude level of farmers about soil health card. The constraints “Delay in distribution of SHC” and “Illiteracy of farmers about the SHC”, “Sometimes recommended quantity of fertilizers is not available in the market” were perceived as the most and least severe constraints, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Technological Gap in Adoption of Kinnow Production Technology among the Farmers of Sri Ganganagar District of Rajasthan(Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2022) Bishanoi, Ankita; Kumar, MahendraIndian agriculture depends on cereals, pulses, millets, and oilseed crops, which do not earn farmers remunerative rates. There has been rapid movement in the farming systems from the traditional crops to the high return commercial crops, which include horticultural and medicinal-cum-aromatic plants. Fruits are of great importance in human nutrition and play an important role in the agricultural economy of India. The major fruits grown in India are mango, citrus, banana, apple, grapes, guava, sapota, papaya, ber, litchi, pomegranate, kinnow, pineapples, strawberry and jack fruit etc. Rajasthan is considered to be the potential area for cultivation of the fruits like Mango, Orange, Lemon, Kinnow, Ber, Pomegranate, Date palm, Aonla, Malta and Falsa etc. Research study entitled “Technological Gap in Adoption of Kinnow Production Technology among the Farmers of Sri Ganganagar District of Rajasthan” was undertaken to study the knowledge level of kinnow growers, find out the technological gap in adoption of kinnow production technology and assess the relationship between technological gap and selected independent variables. The study also emphasized to identify the constraints faced by the kinnow growers. The study was conducted in ten villages of two panchayat samities viz. Sri Ganganagar and Sri Karanpur of Sri Ganganagar district with a sample size of 120 respondents. The farmers interviewed personally by a well structured interview schedule. The data were collected, tabulated and interpreted using suitable statistical tools. The profile of the respondents revealed that majority of the respondents were from middle age group, belong to other backward caste, and had agriculture as main occupation. Most of them were educated high school level of education, categorized under medium category of land holding, were from medium annual income category, medium level of mass media utilization, medium level of extension contacts and were associated with one organization as means of social participation. The study also revealed that majority of respondents possessed medium level of knowledge about kinnow production technology. Practice wise maximum knowledge was about “Irrigation” and “Soil selection” while minimum knowledge was reported in “Yield and post-harvest management” and “Propagation”. It was found that majority of the respondents were in medium technological gap category. Practice wise highest technological gap in “Yield and post-harvest management” and “Propagation” practices while least technological gap was found in “Irrigation” and “Soil selection and preparation of field” practices. The occupation, education, size of land holding, annual income, mass media utilization and extension contact and were found to be negative and significant and age and social participation was found to have positive significant association with the technological gap. While, the other variable like, caste was found to be positively and non-significantly associated with the technological gap. Among the five major constraints the constraint related to “Marketing and storage constraints” perceived with highest intensity followed by financial, technological and general constraint. Least perceived constraints were “Environmental constraints”. The constraints “Fruit price fluctuation” and “Lack of transport facilities” were perceived as most and least severe Marketing and storage constraints, respectively. The constraints “High initial cost in establishing kinnow orchard” and “Labour wages are high” were perceived as most and least severe financial constraints. The constraint “Lack of skill in performing technical operation” was perceived as major while “Lack of knowledge about drip irrigation system” was perceived as least severe technological constraints. The constraint “Lack of need-based training” and “Low consumption of kinnow in local area” were perceived as the most and least severe general constraints. The constraint “Scarcity of water for irrigation” and “Higher incidence of weed” were perceived as the most and least severe environmental constraints.
