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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary Microbiology × Author: Remya, Raveendran × End date: 2010 × Start date: 2009 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Comparative efficacy of certain diagnostic tests on detection of paratuberculosis in cattle
    (Department of Veterinary Microbiology,College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2010) Remya, Raveendran; KAU; Priya, P M
    A study was conducted to compare the efficacy of ZN acid fast staining, and IS900 PCR to detect bovine paratuberculosis. Indirect ELISA was also performed to assess the seroconversion. A total of 58 faecal samples and sera samples were collected from University Livestock Farm, Mannuthy; Cattle Breeding Farm, Thumburmuzhy; Livestock Research Station, Thiruvazhamkunnu and one private farm in Thrissur. The faecal samples were used to conduct the ZN acid fast staining and IS900 PCR. Indirect ELISA was performed using the sera samples. Among 58 samples collected, 10 samples (17.24 per cent) were positive in IS900 PCR and 6 samples (10.34 per cent) were positive in ZN acid fast staining. Two samples (3.45 per cent) were positive in indirect ELISA. The two ELISA positive samples were positive in IS900 PCR and one was positive in ZN acid fast staining. Among the six acid fast positive samples, five samples were positive in IS900 PCR but one sample was negative. Although IS900 PCR detected maximum number of positive samples than acid fast staining, statistically there was no significant difference. Since the seroconverted animals are very less at the initial stage of infection, indirect ELISA cannot be used for serodiagnosis for subclinical bovine paratuberculosis. ZN acid fast staining is a rapid, cheap, easy and field oriented diagnostic technique for detecting subclinical paratuberculosis. At the same time, IS900 PCR is a rapid and sensitive molecular based method for detecting subclinical paratuberculosis. Hence it was concluded that a combination of ZN acid fast staining and IS900 PCR was found to be very useful in diagnosing subclinical cases of bovine paratuberculosis.