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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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19813
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Subject: Poultry Science × End date: 1981 × Start date: 1981 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Keeping Quality of Shell Eggs During Summer
    (Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science,Mannuthy, 1981) Radhakrishnan Nair, R; KAU; Venugopalan, C K
    A study was conducted to asses the keeping quality of shell eggs during summer months of March, April and May. Quality deterioration on 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th and 15th days of storage of eggs held at room temperature was measured. Simulteniuosly lime treated eggs at room temperature and eggs held in cooler at 10 to 130 C were also evaluated similarly. A total of 432 tables eggs were used for the study, 144 eggs under each treatment. The traits measured for quality assessment were weight loss, albumen index, yolk index, haugh unit score, per cent thick albumen and albumen pH. Following observations were made from the study: 1. The average temperature and humidity during the three months of study did not vary greatly and were 310 C and 61.3 per cent relative humidity respectively. 2. Irrespective of the mode of storage deterioration in quality with respect to all the traits increased with the increase in the period of storage. 3. Based on Haugh unit score it was observed that eggs stored at room temperature without any treatment maintained reasonable quality only upto 10 days while those stored under both the treatments were reasonably good even on the 15th day of storage. 4. At all stages of storage upto 15 days eggs held at room temperature without any treatment were decidedly inferior to those stored in cooler or after lime treatment with regard to all quality factors. 5. Both lime treatment and holding in cooler were found equally effective in maintaining egg quality upto 15 days of storage. The following conclusions are drawn based on the results of the study. I. It is not advisable to keep shell eggs at room temperature in summer for more than ten days before consumption. II. Eggs can be stored safely for 15 days without loosing market quality greatly if preserved after lime treatment or in cooler at 10 to 130 C. III. Even though both the methods of preservation employed in the study was found to be more or less equally effective, lime sealing appeared a simple economic and suitable technique of preservation for small scale producers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of purebred and crossbred chicken under backyard condition
    (Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science, Mannuthy, 1981) Radhakrishnan, P M; KAU; Ramakrishnan, A
    Data were collected from 45 farmers’ homesteads at Kanjikode, Palghat District using WLH, ALP, RIR and their possible two breed reciprocal crosses. Nine genetics group each having five replications of five birds each formed the experimental material. The birds were offered 50 per cent of daily mash requirement through balanced feed and the rest being through house hold waste. The livability among all genetic group was excellent. ALP x WLH cross was superior in age at sexual maturity and per cent egg production. WLH and RIR ranked next and RIR the last. The birds were able to maintain the production and body weight with 50 per cent of the ration, in backyard system. All the genetic groups except RIR showed profit. ALP x WLH appears as a promising bird for backyard system.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Replacement value of liver meal in layer ration
    (Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science, Mannuthy, 1981) Gangadharam, P; KAU; Ramakrishnan, A
    An experiment to evaluate the nutritional and economic impact of replacing unsalted dried fish with liver meal in layer ration was conducted using single comb White Leghorn pullet. Five diets with 0,25,50,75 and 100 per cent replacement of usalted dried fish with liver meal were tried over four 28-day periods. The per cent hen-housed egg production recorded for the five dietary treatments were 51.25, 48.25, 49.41, 48.51 and 43.93 respectively for diets in which 0, 25,50,75 and 100 per cent unsalted dried fish was replaced by liver meal. The per cent egg production both in terms of hen-housed and hen-day as well as feed efficiency, livability and egg quality traits such as egg weight, Haugh unit score and egg shell thickness were not statistically different among dietary treatments. However, the cost of rations showed an increasing trend depending upon the level of substitution with liver meal, least being for the ration in which unsalted dried fish was not substituted (Rs.1.65/Kg) and highest being in the ration were 100 per cent unsalted dried fish was replaced with liver meal (Rs. 1.96/Kg.). It was concluded that liver meal can be used to replace the entire quantity of unsalted dried fish in layer ration without any detrimental effects on major egg production parameters. However, the higher cost of liver meal puts limitation on its use in poultry rations.