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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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20111
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Subject: Plant Breeding × Author: Adarsha, B × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2000 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Screening of fertility restorers for cytoplasmic genic male sterile (CGMS) lines in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2011) Adarsha, B; KAU; Jiji Joseph
    The study entitled “Screening of fertility restorers for Cytoplasmic Genic Male Sterile (CGMS) lines in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was conducted in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture during the period 2009-11. The study envisaged evaluation of different CGMS sources and identification of potential restorers and maintainers among high yielding varieties of Kerala. Separate experiments viz., 1. Morphological evaluation of parents and 2. Development and evaluation of F1 hybrids, conducted to realize the objectives. Materials for the present study comprised of two CGMS lines viz., CMS 2A from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore and IR 68897A, from Directorate of Rice Research, Hyderabad. Seven popular high yielding varieties of Kerala were used as male parents. Parental lines were raised and observations on qualitative and quantitative traits were recorded. Hybridization was done between CGMS lines and restorers in Line x Tester design. The F1 and the parents were raised and observations were recorded. The results on qualitative traits showed that the male parents Onam and Uma had well exserted panicle, semi-erect flag leaf orientation and well exserted stigma which are helpful in out crossing. None of the hybrids were found to be superior to parents with respect to yield due to increased spikelet sterility. Even though, hybrids CMS 2A x Kanchana, CMS 2A x Onam, IR 68897A x Aiswarya and IR 68897A x Uma recorded high pollen fertility none of the male lines can be considered as restorer. The varieties Aiswarya, Jyothi, Kanchana, Matta Triveni, Onam and Uma can be considered as a partial restorer for CGMS line CMS 2A. For the CGMS line IR 68897A, the male lines, Aiswarya, Jaya, Jyothi, Matta Triveni and Uma can be considered as partial restorer. Considering the pollen fertility of CGMS line CMS 2A, Jaya with 43.73 per cent pollen fertility can be considered as partial maintainer and for IR 68897A, Kanchana and Onam can be identified as a partial maintainer. However, in the hybrids CMS 2A x Uma and IR 68897A x Onam, few plants exhibited high pollen sterility per cent. These can be utilized to develop CGMS lines in the genetic background of Uma/Onam in future, through backcross breeding programme.