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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Microbiology × Author: Mohan, P × End date: 2001 × Start date: 2000 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Homology between corynebacterium psedotuberculosis isolates from goats and standard reference strain
    (Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2000) Mohan, P; KAU; Jayaprakasan, V
    Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis was isolated in pure culture on blood agar from pus collected from lymph nodes of goats, which suffered from caseous lymphadenitis. Three field isolates of C pseudotuberculosis were characterized and compared with standard reference" strain based on cultural, biochemical, toxigenicity, protein profile and restriction endonuclease digest analysis of chromosomal DNA. The morphological and cultural characters of all the field isolates and reference strain were similar and characteristics to the species. Biochemical reactions employed were also similar for all the strains except isolate F3, which fermented lactose. The biochemical characters were in confirmity with the characters described by the earlier workers. Three different types of toxin viz., culture filtrate (CF), whole cell lysate (WCL) and sodium chloride extract (SCE) were tested for dermonecro toxicity in rabbit skin. Among the preparations, the whole cell lysate produced a definite necrosis at the point of intradermal injection followed by culture filtrate and sodium chloride extract. The toxin preparations of the isolates invariably produced inflammatory and necrotic changes, the degree and severity of the reactions varied between samples. When the three toxin preparations of the isolates and reference strain were tested for synergistic haemolytic activity with Rhodococcus equi, the whole cell lysate produced maximum zone of haemolysis followed by culture filtrate and sodium chloride extract. The proteins presented in the different preparations were analyzed by SDS-P AGE. The protein profiles discerned by whole cell lysate, culture filtrate and sodium chloride extract were 25,9 and 9 protein bands with ranged on masses approximately 8-200KDa, 20-200KDa and 19-191KDa respectively. The 31.6KDa and 68 KDa proteins were found to be consistent in three toxin preparations. The DNA extracted from the isolates and reference strain were subjected to restriction endonuclease digestion employing Eco RI, Barn HI, BgI II, Eco RV and Pst I. The enzyme digest of DNA varied between the enzymes employed. There are no observable differences between the field isolates and reference strain, when the DNA digested with these five restriction enzymes. The enzymes Eco RI, Barn HI and BgI I presented similar restriction pattern whereas the DNA fragments generated by Eco RV and Pst I were different from the other three enzymes.