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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Livestock Production and Management × Author: Vijayakumar, P × End date: 2001 × Start date: 2000 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Analysis of management systems of pure-bred and cross-bred dogs in Central Kerala
    (Department of Livestock Production Management, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2001) Vijayakumar, P; KAU; Francis Xavier
    Canine management practices existing in Central Kerala were investigated. Mostly the owners of the dogs were male members of the family. Businessmen were more interested in dog keeping. Average number of dogs owned per household was 1. 7. Large breeds were preferred to small and medium sized breeds and among large breeds German Shepherds. Female dogs were slightly more in number than male dogs in the surveyed area. The dogs were mostly kept for watching or guarding purpose than companionship. Dogs were purchased at less than two months of age. The quality of the pup was mostly decided based on the breed and appearance. Active nature and general appearance formed the basis for puppy selection. A high proportion of the dog owners kept their dogs in a kennel, which was located outside the house and constructed after the arrival of the pup. Only few respondents constructed the kennel after consulting a veterinarian or scientific books. Most of the kennels were of cement concrete floor, concrete with Iron rails wall, concrete roof and had raised platform. Daily cleaning of the kennel was also practiced. The dogs were mostly fed with two meals a day, with specially cooked, homemade, non-vegetarian diet. Mostly rice and meat were fed for the first time between three and six months of age. Fully cooked milk, meat, fish, egg, rice and vegetables were fed to the dogs. Most of the dogs were fed with meat. Only one- third of the dogs were fed with supplements. About 55 per cent of the dog owners provided their dogs with bones, for chewing. About one-third of the male and female dogs were used for breeding. The dog's age at puberty reported by most of the dog owners was between eight and 12 months of age. The signs of heat occurred every six months. Dogs were mated twice in an estrum with 24 hours interval. One pup or its cost was charged as stud fee by' one-third of the dog owners. Ownership was the most important criterion considered while selecting a stud male for female dogs. Majority of the dogs were sexually intact. Except nail trimming, the other health management practices such as de-worming, vaccination, grooming, bathing, exercise and ear cleaning were practiced by majority of the dog owners. Weekly grooming, bathing and ear cleaning were practiced by majority of the dog owners. Slightly more than one half of the dogs were de-wormed monthly. The dogs were mostly immunized against rabies and majority of the dogs were not regularly immunized with the booster vaccine. About two-third of the dog owners exercised their dogs by playing with them. Only eight per cent of the dogs were taken to a veterinarian for a regular health check-up. Previous history of any disease was reported by one-fourth of the dog owners. Majority of dog owners never left their dog alone in the house when all the members were away. Only one-third of the dog owners gave basic training to their dogs. Reward was given to the dogs, which responded to their commands while training. 'COME' and 'SIT' were the two most common commands which majority of the dogs were aware of. Inadequate space was the predominant constraint faced by dog owners followed by difficulties in training and shedding hairs. Majority of the dog owners surveyed cared to provide the optimum needs of their dogs.