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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Animal Nutrition × Author: KAU × End date: 2002 × Start date: 2002 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of supplementation of dried yeast (Nutramix - Mdy) on growth performance of pre- ruminant calves
    (Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2002) Asitha, T V; KAU; Mercy, A D
    An experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of dried yeast (''Neutramix-MDY'') on growth performance of pre-ruminant calves. Twelve calves of one week to one month of age were distributed into two groups of six calves each, as uniformly as possible with regard to age, sex and body weight, with one group receiving the control diet (calf starter, grass and milk) and the other group receiving dried yeast ("Neutramix-MDY") @ 20g/day along with the control diet. The final body weight (kg) and average daily gain (g/day) were 72.5 and 247 for control group and 76.2 and 284 for treatment group during the trial period. Though there was no statistically significant difference between the control and the treatment group, there was a numerical increase in both the parameters in treatment animals. The average feed to gain ratio was 4.94 and 4.60 for the control and treatment group respectively. There was no improvement in dry matter, crude protein, acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre digestibilities in yeast fed group over the control. Haematological parameters such as blood glucose, plasma protein, calcium and phosphorus were unaffected by the dietary treatment. The above results indicate that supplementation of yeast culture to the diets of pre- ruminant calves had no statistically significant effect on animal performance.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Nutritive evaluation of prawn waste for growth in large white yorkshire pigs
    (Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2002) Madhukumar, U; KAU; Viswanathan, T V
    An experiment was conducted to assess the nutritive value of prawn waste for growth in Large White Yorkshire pigs. Thirty female pigs with an average body weight of 31.4 kg were divided into three equal groups as uniformly as possible with regard to age and body weight. The three groups of pigs were maintained on three different experimental diets viz., Tl control standard grower (16 per cent CP) and finisher ration (14 per cent CP), T2 - 25 per cent of total protein in Tl replaced by protein from prawn waste and T 3 - 50 per cent of total protein in T 1 replaced by protein from prawn waste. The average daily gain recorded for the three groups T1, T2 and T3 were 385.5, 393.3 and 381.1 g respectively. The cumulative feed conversion efficiencies were 4.87, 4.73 and 4.89 for the groups T1, T2 and T3 respectively. The digestibility coefficients of nutrients were significantly higher in T2 for dry matter (p<0.05) and crude protein (pwas found significantly higher (p and T2. The digestibility coefficients of crude fibre and ether extract were almost similar for all the three groups. Study of the carcass characteristics revealed that dressing percentage, carcass length, back fat thickness, loin eye area and ham weight were not significantly influenced by the inclusion of prawn waste at different levels. The cost of feed per kg weight gain of animals in different treatments Tl and T2 and T3 were Rs. 29.95, 23.84 and 21.18 respectively. The above results indicate that, prawn waste can be used economically to replace the protein of the grower and finisher rations for pigs up to 50 per cent level.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of complete feed for meat production in calves
    (Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2002) Ajith, K S; KAU; George Mathen
    An experiment was carried out in three months old crossbred calves with an aim to utilize male and surplus female calves for meat production. Eighteen crossbred calves were grouped into three, considering body weight, breed, sex and age. Animals of group A and B received complete feed consisting of a concentrate mixture and grass hay, with eight (Ration A) and twelve per cent crude fibre (Ration B) respectively, while the animals of group C received the conventional control ration consisting concentrate and green grass (Ration C). During the experimental period of five months fortnightly body weights and body measurements were recorded. The body weights and body measurements except chest girth showed significant increase (Pcomplete rations. The average daily body weight gain (AOG) showed significant increase (Pthose fed control ration while the cumulative feed conversion efficiency was significantly higher for group A (Pgroup C. The average daily body weight gain obtained in the experiment were 668.83 ± 22.37, 658.55 ± 35.41 and 497.83 ± 33.35 g/day and the cumulative feed conversion efficiency were 4.71 ± 0.15,5.57 ± 0.37 and 6.99 ± 0.42 for A, B and C groups respectively. The digestibility coefficients for dry matter and crude fibre were significantly higher (Pthose fed complete rations, while crude protein digestibility was lower for ration A (P<0.05) and ration B (P obtained were 50.80 ± 0.70, 51.30 ± 1.43 and 45.17 ± 1.25 with a meat yield of 34.60 ± 0.15, 35.30 ± 1.12 and 30.73 ± 1.24 for A, B and C groups respectively. The gross profit per animals for five months was calculated as Rs.1399.00, Rs.l550.00 and Rs.632.25 for A, Band C groups respectively.