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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Agriculture × End date: 2001 × Start date: 2001 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Standardisation of in vitro techniques for the rapid clonal propagation of bael (Aegle marmelos CL.) Corr)
    (Department of Plantation Crops and Spices, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2001) Hazeena, M S; KAU; Sulekha, G R
    Studies were conducted for evolving in vitro techniques for the rapid clonal propagation of bael [ Aegle marmelos CL.) Corr.] during 1999 - 2001 at Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, College of Agriculture, Vellayani. Attempts were made to standardise in vitro propagation techniques of bael via enhanced release of axillary buds using shoot nodal segments and cotyledons as explants. Entire cotyledons were used as explants for direct organogenesis while cotyledons excluding embryoaxes were used for indirect organogenesis. Among the explants used for enhanced release of axillary buds, cotyledons responded better than nodal segments. Cent per cent survival could be obtained in cultures with cotyledons while a maximum of 50.00 per cent was obtained in cultures with nodal segments. Maximum shoot proliferation from nodal segments was obtained on full strength MS basal medium supplemented with BA 2.50 mgl ", IAA 1.00 mgl ", sucrose 30.00 gr' and agar 8.00 gl'. The best treatment identified for shoot proliferation from cotyledons was full strength MS basal medium supplemented with BA 0.50 gl ", GA3 3.00 mgl', adenine sulphate 20.00 mgl", sucrose 50.00 gl' and agar 5.00 gr'. Maximum initiation of direct organogenesis from cotyledons ( 83.33 per cent ) occurred in two treatments namely, on full strength MS basal medium supplemented with BA 0.10 mgl ", "sucrose 30.00 gr', and agar 8.00 gr' and on the same basal medium with BA 0.20 mgl ", sucrose 30.00 gl " and agar 8.00 gr'. The best treatment identified for highest number of shoots per culture was full strength MS medium supplemented with BA 0.40 mgl ", sucrose 30.00 gr' and agar 8.00 gri. Maximum proliferation of shoots on further subculturing was obtained on full strength MS medium supplemented with BA 0.20 mgl", IAA 2.00 mgl ", sucrose 30.00 gr' and agar 8.00 gr'. Direct organogenesis from in vitro root could be best obtained on full strength MS medium supplemented with BA 0.50 rngl", sucrose 30.00 gr' and agar 8.00 gr'. The best treatment identified for callus initiation was full strength MS medium supplemented with BA 0.50 mgl', 2,4-D 0.50 rngl ", sucrose 30.00 gr' and agar 8.00 gr' which recorded the highest callus index (350.00). Ideal treatment for the maximum proliferation from callus via indirect somatic organogenesis was found to be full strength MS medium with BA 2.00 rngl ", IAA 0.50 mgl", sucrose 30.00 gr' and agar 8.00 gr'. In vitro rooting occurred at its best on full strength MS medium supplemented with IBA 2.50 mgl ", sucrose 20.00 mgl' and agar 8.00 gr'. Pre-treatment with IBA 1000.00 ppm for 20 seconds proved to be the best for ex vitro rooting. Sand was the ideal potting media for ex vitro establishment.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Collection and characterization of landraces of culinary melon (Cucumis melo L.) in Kerala
    (Department of Olericulture, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2001) Rakhi, R; KAU; Rajamony, L
    A study was carried out to characterize the landraces of culinary melons Cucumis melo L. in Kerala at the Department of Olericulture, College of Agriculture, Vellayani. Forty two collections were evaluated for morphology, yield, yield attributes and reaction to the incidence of virus disease. The genetic parameters, correlation and path coefficients were studied and a selection index was formulated to identify superior genotypes. Landraces showed significant difference for all the characters except number of primary branches, branch of first male and female flower production. CM~, collected from Kattakada, (Thiruvananthapuram) was the top yielder. Landraces viz., CM 5 (Kattakada, Thiruvananthapuram), CM 17 (Kalavoor, Kottayam), CM 3 (Nemom, Thiruvananthapuram), CM 36 (Kattapana, Idukki) were superior in mosaic virus resistance and yield. CM 18 (Manimala, Pathanamthitta) and CM 33 (Velloor, Kottayam) were found resistant with medium yield. GCV and PCV were highest for yield per plant followed by fruit weight, fruit per plant, keeping quality of fruits and 1000 seed weight. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was noted for fruit length, 1000 seed weight, average fruit weight and keeping quality of fruit indicating scope for the improvement through selection. Vine length, leaf area index, fruits per plant, average fruit weight, fruit length and fruit girth had high positive correlation with yield whereas days to produce first male flower, days to produce first female flower, days to first harvest and node of appearance of first female flower had a negative correlation with yield. Path analysis revealed fruits per plant, length of fruit and girth of fruit as primary contributions to yield. A selection index was constructed based on the yield per plant and eight yield contributing characters. The landraces CM 5 (Kattakkada, Thiruvananthapurarn), CM 48 (Periya, Wayanad), CM 6 (Aryanad, Thiruvananthapuram), CM 3 (Nemom, Thiruvananthapuram), CM 36 (Kattapana, Idukki), CM 46 (Perinthalmanna, Malappuram), CM 17 (Kalavoor, Kottayam), CM 35 (Thrikkodithanam, Kottayam), CM 50 (Kanhangad, Kasaragod), CM 7 (Aryanad, Thiruvananthapuram) were identified as elite in terms of yield, field attributes and resistance against mosaic virus disease incidence.