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Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur (AP)

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: K. MADHAVI LATHA × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2021 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC ANALYSIS OF GRAIN YIELD, MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND NUTRITIONAL TRAITS IN CGMS BASED HYBRIDS OF PEARL MILLET (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.)
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, 2024-04-30) B. SANTHOSH KUMAR NAIK; Dr. M. REDDI SEKHAR
    The present investigation on “Genetic analysis of grain yield, morphophysiological and nutritional traits in CGMS based hybrids of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.)” was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Podalakur from 2019-20 to 2020-21 with the objective of identifying most stable hybrids, to understand the nature of gene action in governing yield and yield components, to identify potential general combiners and specific hybrid combinations and to estimate the magnitude of heterosis for grain yield, morpho-physiological and nutritional traits in pearl millet. A Line ×Tester mating design was used to develop 50 F1 hybrids using five male sterile lines (ICMA 98222, ICMA 99222, ICMA 08666, ICMA 04999 and ICMA 06111) and ten restorer lines (ICMR 08444, ICMR 13999, ICMR 12555, ICMR 100087, ICMR 1809, ICMR 100089, ICMR 100549, ICMR 100556, ICMR 100584 and ICMR 100587) during rabi 2019-20. The hybrids generated were evaluated in a randomised block design with three replications over four different seasons viz., kharif 2020 (E1), late kharif 2020 (E2), rabi 2020- 21 (E3) and summer 2021 (E4) along with five checks including public and private hybrids / varieties viz., HHB 67 improved as early duration check (SH1), Prathap as medium duration check (SH2), Kaveri super boss as long duration check (SH3), Dhanshakti (SH4) and ABV 04 (SH5) as nutritional checks, respectively. Data was recorded for 15 grain yield, morpho-physiological and nutritional traits viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), productive tillers plant-1 , panicle length (cm), panicle girth (cm), 1000 grain weight (g), grain yield (t ha-1 ), green fodder yield (t ha-1 ), dry fodder yield (t ha-1 ), SPAD chlorophyll xxi chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), relative water content (%), harvest index (%) and nutritional traits viz., grain Fe content (ppm) and grain Zn content (ppm). Mean sum of squares of lines, testers and hybrids were highly significant in all the four seasons for all the 15 characters under study. Furthermore, pooled analysis over seasons also revealed that the mean sum of squares due to genotypes, seasons and genotypes × seasons were significant for all the characters suggesting that differential response of genotypes to seasons. The mean, genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean were studied for 15 characters among 15 parents and 50 hybrids. High estimates of heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean were recorded in all seasons and pooled over seasons for all the characters except plant height and relative water content in rabi, panicle length in summer indicating that additive gene action was involved in the genetic control of these traits. Thus, simple selection would be effective to isolate the superior lines for these traits as these are less influenced by environment. Based on per se performance, among the fifteen parental lines studied, ICMB 98222 and ICMB 04999 among lines, while ICMR 13999, ICMR 100549 and ICMR 100556 among testers recorded high mean performance for grain yield and most of the yield contributing characters in all four seasons as well as in pooled over seasons. Among the 50 hybrids studied, a total of 23 hybrids registered superior grain yield over the best check hybrid Kaveri super boss. Out of 23 hybrids, the three hybrids viz., ICMB 98222 × ICMR 13999, ICMB 98222 × ICMR 100556 and ICMB 04999 × ICMR 100556 recorded the highest per se performance for grain yield plant-1 along with comparable levels of grain Fe and Zn contents when compared to the two nutritional checks Dhanshakti and ABV04 in all four seasons as well as in pooled over seasons. Analysis of variance for combining ability revealed significant differences for all the 15 characters in all the four seasons indicating the existence of sufficient variability in the material for the traits. This suggested that both additive and non-additive gene actions were involved in the expression of all the characters. Among the fifteen parents, the line ICMB 98222 recorded desirable significant gca effects for nine characters. Among the testers ICMR 100556 and ICMR 13999 were identified as the best general combiners as they have registered significant gca effects in desired direction for 10 characters. The tester ICMR 100549 for dry fodder yield and ICMR 13999 for panicle length were registered as the good general combiners. The top five hybrids for grain yield in pooled over seasons, viz., ICMB 08666 × ICMR 12555, ICMB 99222 × ICMR 100587, ICMB 06111 × ICMR 08444, ICMB 04999 × ICMR 100549 and ICMB 98222 × ICMR 100584 recorded significant positive sca effects. Among them, the hybrid ICMB 08666 × ICMR 12555 (good × poor) registered desirable and significant sca effects in all the four seasons and pooled over seasons for most of the characters. xxii Among the best five heterotic hybrids identified in pooled over seasons for grain yield, the hybrids viz., ICMB 08666 × ICMR 13999 (Long duration) and ICMB 98222 × ICMR 100556 (Medium duration) have recorded substantial standard heterosis of 33.37 per cent and 82.40 per cent over the standard checks Kaveri super boss and Prathap, respectively. The hybrid ICMB 98222 × ICMR 13999 (Medium duration) also recorded high mean performance for most of the yield components coupled with elevated Fe and Zn contents. Two hybrids viz., ICMB 04999 × ICMR 100556 and ICMB 04999 × ICMR 100549 recorded high mean performance along with higher positive and significant sca effects and standard heterosis for grain yield, SPAD reading and earliness traits. Further, the hybrid ICMB 04999 × ICMR 100549 (Early duration) was out yielded the best check HHB 67 by 84.29 per cent heterosis coupled with earliness. Considering nutritional traits, the hybrids ICMB 99222 × ICMR 100584 for grain Fe content and ICMB 98222 × ICMR 100587 for grain Zn content were identified as the best hybrids to develop as biofortified hybrids as these hybrids registered highly significant positive heterosis over two nutritional standard checks Dhanshakti and ABV 04 in pooled over seasons. But the yield levels in these hybrids were shown poor performance compare to best check hybrids. Hence, it is suggested to use these hybrids in development of biofortified inbred lines and further selection in segregating generation. However, considering both grain yield and nutritional traits, the hybrids ICMB 99222 × ICMR 100556 for grain Fe content and ICMB 08666 × ICMR 12555 for grain Zn content shown significant standard heterosis over standard yield and nutritional checks. Hence, these two hybrids could be considered for development of high yielding Fe and Zn biofortified hybrids. AMMI analysis showed that mean sum of squares due to genotypes, environments and genotype × environment interaction were significant for all the characters under study. The results revealed that, out of fifty hybrids, the hybrids G22 (ICMB 08666 × ICMR 13999), G37 (ICMB 04999 × ICMR 100549), G23 (ICMB 08666 × ICMR 12555) and G36 (ICMB 04999 × ICMR 100089) were identified as stable ones. Among the environments, kharif 2020 was conducive for expression of SPAD chlorophyll meter reading, harvest index and grain Fe content, while rabi 2020-21 was found favorable for expression of productive tillers plant-1 , panicle length, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, relative water content and grain zinc content. Summer 2021 favoured for early maturity in all genotypes. Genotype-by-trait biplot analysis, revealed that the traits viz., SPAD chlorophyll meter reading, panicle girth, harvest index and grain Fe content in kharif; panicle length, panicle girth, plant height, 1000 grain weight and grain Fe content in late kharif; panicle length, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and grain Zn content in rabi and panicle girth, harvest index and relative water content in summer were identified as important associated traits for improvement of grain yield, morpho-physiological and nutritional traits in Pearl millet. Among all the parental lines, ICMR 12555 in kharif and late kharif, ICMR 100584 in rabi and ICMB 98222 in summer were identified as ideal lines. xxiii In overall, two hybrids viz., ICMB 04999 × ICMR 100549 and ICMB 08666 × ICMR 13999 were identified as heterotic superior stable hybrids for the traits grain yield, morpho- physiological, grain Fe and grain Zn content and could be recommended for commercial cultivation after thorough testing under MLT’s and on-farm trials
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