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Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur (AP)

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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2016 - 201912020 - 20211
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Subject: Agricultural Economics × Author: RAMA KRISHNA, M ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON VIABILITY OF SMALL AND MARGINAL FARMERS IN ANDHRA PRADESH
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2021-09-08) RAMA KRISHNA, M; BHAVANI DEVI, I.
    The present study entitled “A study on viability of small and marginal farmers in Andhra Pradesh” was undertaken mainly to study the costs and returns, yield gaps, expenditure pattern, income pattern, employment pattern, sources of credit, repayment pattern, credit worthiness, viability of farmers and factors affecting the viability of small and marginal farmers in Andhra Pradesh. Multi stage purposive random sampling technique was adopted for the selection of agro-climatic zones, districts, mandals, villages and the farmers. A sample of 300 farmers was randomly selected from the five districts, 15 mandals and 15 villages. Farmers were stratified into marginal (up to 1 ha) and small (1 to 2 ha). The primary data for the year 2016-17 were collected from the farmers through a pretested schedule by survey method. Conventional as well as functional analysis was used to analyze the data and arrive at valid conclusions. The study on economics of crops cultivation revealed that, cultivation of crops was profitable on both marginal and small farms but small farms reaped higher returns compared to marginal farms in different agro-climatic zones. Among the variable costs cost of human labour and cost of seed were the major costs identified whereas rental value of owned land occupied major share among fixed costs. Yield gap analysis revealed that there was wide gap between research station’s yields and average yields obtained by the farmers. The yield gaps were found negatively associated with farm size. Expenditure, income and employment pattern of the farmers revealed that, the annual expenditure was positively associated with farm size. The proportion of amount spent food items was more followed by expenditure on education, comforts, luxuries, recreations and others, clothing and footwear and health. The annual income received increased with increase in the farm size and the net income generated on farm activities was the major source of income for the sample farmers. The proportion of employment generated through off farm activities was more on marginal farms than small farms. The results on access to credit, repayment pattern and credit worthiness of the farmers indicated that, majority of the farmers in the study area were dependent on xiv institutional agencies for availing credit. The proportion of loan availed increased with increase in the farm size while the amounts of outstanding debts were negatively associated with size of holding. The performance of repayment pattern was better on small farms compared to marginal farms. Out of 150 marginal farmers, only 14 per cent were credit worthy, while 86 per cent were non-credit worthy. In the case of small farmers, only 27.33 per cent were credit worthy and 72.67 per cent were non-credit worthy. Marginal and small farms in all the zones are not economically viable by depending upon crops, livestock and dairying. Income from off-farm activities helped small farmers to become viable. Out of 150 marginal farmers, only 27.33 per cent were viable, while remaining 72.67 per cent were non-viable. In case of small farmers, 38.67 per cent were viable and 61.33 per cent were non-viable. Income from livestock and dairy, family expenditure and off farm income were the major discriminating factors among the viable and non-viable farms.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF BANANA IN KURNOOL DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2016) RAMA KRISHNA, M; RAVI KUMAR, K.N.
    The present study entitled “Economic analysis of production and marketing of banana in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh” was undertaken mainly to study growth rates of area, production and productivity, costs and returns, resource use efficiency, marketing aspects and constraints in production and marketing of banana. Three stage sampling was adopted for the selection of district, mandals, villages and the sample farmers. A sample of 120 farmers was randomly selected from the selected two mandals and four villages. The farmers were stratified into Marginal (<1 ha), Small (1-2 ha) and Other (>2 ha) categories on the basis of their size of operational holding. The primary data for the year 2012-13 were collected through a pre-tested schedule by survey method. Conventional as well as functional analysis was used to analyze the data and arrived at valid conclusions. The compound growth rates of area, production and productivity of banana showed positive and significant growth rates during the overall reference period both at State level and Kurnool district level. The total cost of cultivation of banana per hectare was Rs. 3,27,531.06, Rs. 3,13,337.47, Rs. 2,47,989.47 and Rs. 3,21,323.07 on marginal, small, other and pooled farms respectively. The per hectare cost of cultivation and cost of production (Rs/bunch) are inversely related with the farm size. The gross returns were Rs. 4.47,592.71, Rs. 4,78,306.13 and Rs. 4,91,516.58 and 4,79,795.94 on marginal, small, other and pooled farms respectively indicated direct relationship with the farm size. The DEA analysis pertaining to the resource use efficiency in banana cultivation revealed that, nearly 28 per cent of the farms are operating at CRS indicating efficient utilization of resources. Majority of farmers (52.50%) are operating at IRS and only 20 per cent of the farmers are operating at DRS indicating that, more resources should be provided to the farms operating at IRS and the same should be decreased towards the farms operating at DRS. Price spread in transacting banana was studied with reference to three marketing channels: Channel-I (Producer → Local exporter → Wholesaler → Retailer → Consumer), Channel-II (Producer → Wholesaler → Cart-vendor → Consumer) and Channel-III (Producer → Juice holder → Consumer) considering without and with marketing losses in transacting the produce. Of the three channels identified in transacting banana, Channel-II was found more efficient than Channel-I and ChannelIII, as indicated by the computed marketing efficiency indices. It is interesting that, these indices are higher across the marketing channels considering without MLs when compared to considering MLs in transacting the produce. Majority of the farmers prioritized power cut as the major constraint for production of banana with a mean score of 73.12 followed by high cost of input and input services (65.14) and shortage of labour during production (57.02). Regarding marketing, they prioritized frequent price fluctuations as the major problem with a mean score of 68.56 followed by unorganized marketing (66.98) and lack of transportation facilities (61.76). In view of the production constraints, regulating quality power supply to the farmers, purchase of inputs on co-operative basis, encouraging farm mechanization, effective implementation of crop insurance scheme etc., deserve immediate attention to improve production scenario. The prospects of marketing of banana can be enhanced through improving transportation facilities, marketing news and information network, strengthening scientific storage facilities, effective implementation of pledge loan finance to banana producers etc.
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