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Central Agricultural University, Pasighat
The Central Agricultural University has been established by an act of Parliament, the Central Agricultural University Act, 1992 (No.40 of 1992). The Act came into effect on 26th January, 1993 with the issue of notification by the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Govt. of India. The University became functional with the joining of first Vice-Chancellor on 13th September, 1993. The jurisdiction of the University extends to six North-Eastern Hill States viz., Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim and Tripura, with headquarters at Imphal in Manipur.
College of Horticulture & Forestry, a constituent College of the Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, was established on 7th March 2001 at Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh on the bank of beautiful river Siang.
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ThesisItem Open Access Standardization of pre-sowing treatments and bareroot seedling production in Gleditsiatriacanthos L.(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102 Central Agricultural University (Imphal), 2023-05-04) Sirkeck, Divya; Singh, Bikram; Mehra, T. S.The experiment on the effect of undercutting and wrenching was carried out in the field following the RBD design with 13 treatments with 3 replications and 15 plants per treatment planted at a spacing of 30 cm x 40 cm. Observations for the following were recorded:Plant height, Collar diameter, Root shoot ratio, Root spread, Fresh weight of shoot and root, total root shoot length and survival percentage (%). Significant difference was observed for the given parameters between the treated seedlings (undercut and wrenched) and untreated /control (not undercut or wrenched). The eventual aim of this experiment was to check the difference in the outplanting survival between the treated and untreated plants. The maximum outplanting survival was recorded in T13-Undercutting at depth of 15-17cm, followed by wrenching 9 times (66.55%), followed by T12-Undercutting at depth of 10-12cm, followed by wrenching 9 times (54.13%) whereas the minimum survival percent was recorded in T1- control (27.78%).ThesisItem Open Access “ImprovementthroughselectionforgrowthandwoodqualityinGmelinaarboreaRoxb(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat -791102, 2022-09-09) Singh, K. Gullamani; Dobhal, Shivani; Tayeng, TisuA total of 61 candidate plus trees (CPTs) were enumerated for their morphometrictraits viz, Height, CBH, DBH, CD, Straightness, Branching behaviour and bark thickness. Out of61 CPTs, 28 Plus trees (PTs) were screened based on their total index score value>average.Forwoodanatomicalvariabilityanalysisincrementwoodcoresalongtreeradiusat1.37mheight from each selected trees were sampled. Each increment cores were further divided intothree equal sections (from pith to bark). In this manner, a total of 252 wood increment coresweresubjectedforanatomicalandfiberderivativestudies.Woodanatomicalparametersincluded 5 anatomical and 6 fibre properties viz. fibre length (FL), fibre diameter (FD), lumendiameter (LD), wall thickness (WT) and specific gravity (SG); and fibre derivative properties,Runkel ratio (RR), flexibility coefficient (FC), slenderness ratio (SR), Luce’s shape factor (LSF),wall coverageratio(WCR) andrigiditycoefficient(RC)wasestimated. On the basis of indexmethod of selection,highestimprovement percentwas observedinCBH(12.38%)followedbyheight(11.22%).MaximumselectiondifferentialwasobservedinCD(5.31)followedbyheight(2.75).ThepopulationofselectedplustreeswerefurtherclusteredbyToucher’smethodfordiversityanalysis.ClusterVandClusterXhadthemaximuminterclusterdistance(d2=1096632.0)and minimuminterclusterdistancewasobservedbetweenClusterIandClusterV(d2=40617.9).ClusteranalysisbasedongrowthtraitsrevealedthatClusterV,ClusterVI,ClusterVIIandClusterVIIIwithgenotypesCHF/AP/GA/29,CHF/AP/GA/48, CHF/AP/GA/60 and CHF/AP/GA/38 in each clusters were divergent respectively.Fromthecorrelationstudies,itwasobservedthatheightandCBHandDBHandCDhassignificantandpositivelycorrelatedingrowthtraits. Analysis of variance based on wood fibre properties revealed that core sections (pith tobark) showed substantial variations across core section. The pooled mean values recordedforFL(1369.95μm),FD(39.43μm),LD(30.28μm),WT(4.57μm),RR(0.31),SR(35.23),FC(76.62), RC (0.12), LSF (0.26) and WCR (0.23μm). It was observed that among 11 fibres traitsincluding fibre derivative properties selected genotypes values increases radially from pith tobark except in FC. The result of the study showed that out of twenty-eight genotypes, fourgenotypes were found to be the divergent for growth traits, however, genotypes CHF/AP/GA/9and CHF/AP/GA/49werefound to be the most productivein wood traits including pulp andpaperproperties.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of Different Accessions of Acorus calamus Linn. for Variation in Morphological and Yield Parameters(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, 2022-07-22) Maibam, Steelin; Mehra, T.S.; Kumar, NilayRhizome yield showed strong significant positive correlation with rhizome length (0.940**) followed by rhizome weight (0.926**), leaf width (0.729**), number of leaves (0.647**), leaf area index (0.558**), leaf length (0414*), plant height (0.406*), number of lets (0.338*). In rhizome asscociated traits rhizome weight showed maximum positive direct effect on oil content followed by rhizome length and rhizome width The accessions were divided into major seven clusters where maximum accessions were group in cluster 1 which consists of 16 accessions and check (Swarna swara). Cluster 5, cluster 6 and cluster 7 consist of 1 accession each. Cluster 6 showed maximum mean value for economically important below ground traits including rhizome length (74.2 cm), rhizome weight (159.80 g), rhizome yield (7159.04 kg/ha) and oil content (1.86%). The inter cluster D2 value was shown maximum between cluster 6 and cluster 3. Intra cluster distance was found highest in cluster 4. In the present study, accession IC-0362796 (7159.04 kg/ha) gives maximum rhizome yield. Accession IC-0632808 yielded maximum oil content followed by IC-0632810 and IC-0632792. The accession IC-0632808, IC-0632810 and IC-0632792 might be used for further breeding programme to obtain high oil content in future research work.ThesisItem Open Access Analysis of variability in morphological and molecular characteristics of Melia dubia Cav.Syn. Melia composita Willd(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, 2021-03-04) Daryal, Unshani; Dobhal, Shivani; Mehra, Tara SinghIn the present study, ANOVA using CRD was conducted which revealed significant differences among the selected plus trees for all characters studied. The highest GCV and PCV was observed as 29.19 and 31.31 respectively. The GCV is found to have lower magnitude than the PCV for all the traits. This implies that these traits are influenced by the local environmental factors. Heritability varied from 87% to 98%, the first 4 traits have high heritability values accompanied with high genetic advance which indicates strong additive gene action. High heritability but low genetic advance was observed in pulp thickness which indicate presence of non-additive gene effects and high environmental interaction. Themaximum inter-distance(4943.48) was found between cluster-3 and cluster-4. The minimum inter-cluster distance(501.93) was recorded between cluster-2 and cluster-4 indicating genetic closenesss. The maximum intra-cluster distance(164.21) was found in cluster-1 and the minimum was found in cluster-5 with an intra-cluster distance zero. The maximum intra-cluster distance shown by cluster 1 implies greater genetic diversity than other clusters. The 34 plus trees were grouped into five clusters through cluster analysis. Cluster 1 had a maximum number of CPTs with 26 genotyps, whereas the least number observed for cluster 5 with just 1 genotype. Clusters with only one plus tree can either possess superior or inferior quality among the plus trees. The clustering pattern indicates that plus trees from the same geographic sources were grouped into different clusters and vice-versa. PCA of the morphological characters revealed the first three components have the eigenvalues greater than one and cumulatively accounted for 94.8% of the total variation. The protocol of genomic DNA extraction by Swati et al. (2016) as described by Doyle and Doyle, (1987) was used in the present study.The concentration of genomic DNA from juvenile leaves of Melia dubia with absorbance ratio (A260/A280) ranged from 1.71 to 2.30. The highest average expected genetic diversity (h) (0.47) was obtained with primer C31 and lowest (0.35) with primer MAC69.The highest polymorphism (PIC) was reported with primer C31 (0.48) and lowest (0.35) with primer MAC69. The selected plus trees were amplifiedusing 15 SSR markers, of which 5 primers were found to be polymorphic. The UPGMA dendrogram was generated, which resulted in the formation of 8 clusters, where the biggest cluster was found in cluster 1 with 15 different genotypes. The genetic dissimilarity between pair-wise comparisons of the genotypes using NTSYS. The overall dissimilarity values among the selected plus trees ranged from 0.00 to 0.85. Though overall correlation between matrices was low (r=-0.04426, p=0.2212), both morphological and molecular dendogram clustered various progenies on least similar patterns.ThesisItem Open Access Analysis of variability in morphological and molecular characteristics of Melia dubia Cav.Syn. Melia composita Willd.”(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, 2021-03-04) Daryal, Unshani; Dobhal, Shivani; Taying, TisuIn the present study, ANOVA using CRD was conducted which revealed significant differences among the selected plus trees for all characters studied. The highest GCV and PCV was observed as 29.19 and 31.31 respectively. The GCV is found to have lower magnitude than the PCV for all the traits. This implies that these traits are influenced by the local environmental factors. Heritability varied from 87% to 98%, the first 4 traits have high heritability values accompanied with high genetic advance which indicates strong additive gene action. High heritability but low genetic advance was observed in pulp thickness which indicate presence of non-additive gene effects and high environmental interaction. Themaximum inter-distance(4943.48) was found between cluster-3 and cluster-4. The minimum inter-cluster distance(501.93) was recorded between cluster-2 and cluster-4 indicating genetic closenesss. The maximum intra-cluster distance(164.21) was found in cluster-1 and the minimum was found in cluster-5 with an intra-cluster distance zero. The maximum intra-cluster distance shown by cluster 1 implies greater genetic diversity than other clusters. The 34 plus trees were grouped into five clusters through cluster analysis. Cluster 1 had a maximum number of CPTs with 26 genotyps, whereas the least number observed for cluster 5 with just 1 genotype. Clusters with only one plus tree can either possess superior or inferior quality among the plus trees. The clustering pattern indicates that plus trees from the same geographic sources were grouped into different clusters and vice-versa. PCA of the morphological characters revealed the first three components have the eigenvalues greater than one and cumulatively accounted for 94.8% of the total variation. The protocol of genomic DNA extraction by Swati et al. (2016) as described by Doyle and Doyle, (1987) was used in the present study.The concentration of genomic DNA from juvenile leaves of Melia dubia with absorbance ratio (A260/A280) ranged from 1.71 to 2.30. The highest average expected genetic diversity (h) (0.47) was obtained with primer C31 and lowest (0.35) with primer MAC69.The highest polymorphism (PIC) was reported with primer C31 (0.48) and lowest (0.35) with primer MAC69. The selected plus trees were amplifiedusing 15 SSR markers, of which 5 primers were found to be polymorphic. The UPGMA dendrogram was generated, which resulted in the formation of 8 clusters, where the biggest cluster was found in cluster 1 with 15 different genotypes. The genetic dissimilarity between pair-wise comparisons of the genotypes using NTSYS. The overall dissimilarity values among the selected plus trees ranged from 0.00 to 0.85. Though overall correlation between matrices was low (r=-0.04426, p=0.2212), both morphological and molecular dendogram clustered various progenies on least similar patterns.ThesisItem Open Access Tree selection, fruit characterization and vegetative propagation of Tapil (Phoebe cooperiana U.N Kanjilal ex A. Das) in Eastern Himalayas(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, 2021-07-24) Pabin, Jashmine; Lyngdoh, Nicolee; Mehra, T.S.The selected 45 trees were further screened using selection index out of which 22 trees were selected. Most of the selected trees were observed to be in height class 15-30m (77.27%), 0-2.5m GBH class (77.27%), 0-10m crown diameter class (48.89%), age class 0-20 m(54.55%) and no. of fruits per tree ranging between 300-5000. The mean values were recorded before and after for the following fruit length (35.0mm) (33.93mm), fruit weight (8.56g) (9.02g), fruit diameter (21.82mm) (22,65mm), pulp thickness (3.43mm) (3.58mm), seed weight (3.02g) (2.94g) ,seed length (28.68mm) (28.14mm), seed diameter (15.34mm) (15.43mm), pulp weight(5.58g) (6.14g), pulp fruit ratio (0.64) (0.68) and diameter length ratio (0.63) (0.67). The ANOVA using CRD revealed significant differences among the selected trees for all characters. The variability parameters analysed for the morphological characters revealed phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) to be greater than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all characters, the environmental influence on the expression of the characters. Heritability in broad sense (H2) and genetic advance were observed to be the highest for fruit length, seed length and fruit weight, implying to the additive gene action, and thus can be selected for improvement. Correlation studies revealed that pulp thickness, fruit weight fruit diameter, seed weight and crown diameter had positive significant correlation with economically important traits viz. no. of fruits per tree, pulp-fruit ratio and diameter length ratio. Principal component analysis revealed positive and high loading values for fruit diameter in PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4 contributing more to the variation. Cluster analysis of the trees based on mean values of morphological characters classified them into 3 major clusters. Air layering data for rooting percentage was first trasformed using arcsine transformation. The ANOVA using CRD revealed significant differences among parameters (rooting percentage, no. of roots per layer and length of longest roots) for all 8 treatments. The observed variation in mean for various parameters for different treatment are as follows; rooting percentage (54.91%), no. of root per layer (8.93) and length of longest root (2.68cm). On the basis of mean performance of each treatment NAA3000 scored highest in rooting percentage(74.36), no. of roots per layer (21.33). Where as, NAA2000 scored highest in Length of longest root (6.00cm). The survival percentage was recorded highest for NAA3000 (54.16%).ThesisItem Open Access Pre-sowing treatment and seedling performance for nursery production of Morus laevigata Wall. under Eastern Himalayas(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, 2021-04-09) Chettri, Seema; Singh, Bikram; Mehra, T.S.The experiment on potting media was carried out in RBD with 22 treatments and 3 replications each. Based on the growth performance of the seedling - height, collar diameter, number of leaves, number of branches, root length, root spread, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, root/shoot ratio, root coiling and total biomass percentage were recorded every two months from August 2019 – June 2020. T15- Soil+ Cocopeat + FYM @ 1:1:1, in polybag of size 12.5 x 22.5 cm is found to be the best among all treatment combinations, although other treatments too have made a successful contribution in relation to growth parameters of the seedling. Seedlings on polybags tend to develop root coiling. Therefore, to avoid root coiling seedling could be raised in root trainers. Principal component analysis was done to analyze the variation in the foliar characteristics of the seedlings and the mature tree. The findings on the study shows a significant difference between the juvenile leaves and the mature leaves of the species.ThesisItem Open Access Morphological and molecular characterization of selected phenotypes of parkia timoriana (DC.) Mer in Manipur(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, 2020-03-07) Phurlatpalm Chetan Kumar Sharma; Lyngdoh, Nicolee; Tayeng, TisuThe ANOVA using CRD revealed significant difference among the selected trees for all characters. The variability parameters analysed for the morphhological characters revealed phenotypes cofficient of variation (PCV) to be greater than corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all characters.ThesisItem Open Access Population status and nursery production of Heritiera macrophylla Wall. under Eastern Himalayas.(College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, 2020-03-06) Sharma, G.A. Nishanta; Singh, Bikram; Lyndoh, NicoleeThe present study was accomplished to know the population of Heritiera macrophylla Wall. inside the Reserve forest in an effort to study further and conservation for the future, effects of seed germination and various nursery techniques. The study was conceded out in 4 Reserve forest in the plain area surrounding Pasighat forest range (Loki, Pikimuk Reserve forest in Pasighat range, Poba Reserve forest in Ruksin range, and Siko Reserve forest in Mebo range) and in the laboratory and field of Department of SAF, CHF, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh in the year 2017-2019. On surveying the reserve forest, only one Reserve forest was found to have occurred with the species and the data collected from there gives the frequency, density and abundance of 20%, 0.25 and 1.25 respectively. Among the 14 treatments for germination parameters in the laboratory, condition T13 {seed soaking in gibberellic acid 0.05% (overnight)} gives highest in germination percentage, germination value and peak value with 83.33%, 8.23 and 2.87 respectively. Energy period was fast in T14 {Split open the pericarp on ‘C’ with knife followed by gibberellic acid 0.05% soaking (overnight)} with 26 days. Similarly, in field condition, germination percent was highest in T13 {seed soaking in gibberellic acid 0.05% (overnight)} with 86.67% and the rest parameters - germination value, peak value and Energy period were highest in T14 {Split open of the pericarp on ‘C’ side with knife, gibberellic acid 0.05% (overnight)} with 9.40, 3.17 and 20 days respectively. For seedling growth in the polybags, among the 22 treatments, T12 {Soil + Sand + Vermicompost (1:1:1)} gives the tallest plant with (43.00 cm), T9 {Soil + Cocopeat + Vermicompost (1:1:1)} gives the longest root with (26.67 cm), T10 {Soil + Cocopeat + Vermicompost (1:1:1)} gives the highest collar diameter with (9.27 mm), T11 {Soil + Sand + Vermicompost (1:1:1)} gives the maximum number of leaves with (11.67), T9 { Soil + Cocopeat + Vermicompost (1:1:1)} gives the best root-shoot ratio with (0.38) and T18 { Soil + Sand + FYM (1:1:1)} gives the finest in root fibrosity, shoot biomass and total biomass with (264.00 cm2), (9.13 g), (14.60 g) and T15 gives the best root biomass with (5.93 g). the potting media mixture indorsed for the seedling growth are T12, T10 and T9.
