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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
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ThesisItem Open Access Histomorphological And Certain Histochemical Studies on The larynx And Lungs of Black Bengal Goat ( Carpa Hircus )(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1998) Mushtak Ahmad Baba; J. PrasadHistomorphological and certain histochemical studies were con ducted on the larynx, trachea and lungs of ten adult healthy Black Bengal goats. Histomorphology Larynx: The larynx consisted of mucosa, submucosa, layer of muscles and cartilages and adventitia. The mucosa was composed of non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium upto vocal folds and of pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium in the remainder areas. Lamina propria and submucosa were intermingled, containing abundant glands in large groups. The glands were of tubuloalveolar, mucous, seromucous types. Cricoid, thyroid and arytenoid cartilages were hyaline in nature and epiglottis and corniculate cartilages were of elastic type. Laryngeal muscles were of skeletal type and adventitia was composed of loose connective tissue. Trachea: The tracheal wall consisted of mucosa, submucosa, musculo-cartilaginous-layer and adventitia. The tracheal epithelium was of pseudostratified columnar ciliated type with goblet cells. Average thickness of the epithelium was 55.93 ± 2.48 um. Lamina propria and submucosa were blended with each other, containing abundant collagen and clastic fibres, lymphocytes, lymph nodules and blood vessels. Tracheal glands were present in the propria-submucosa. The glands were of tubuloalveolar, mucous or mixed types.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on the Growth And Yield Performances of Agroforestry System in Kumharia Village, Kanke, Ranchi(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1999) Prabhat Ranjan Oraon; Dr.M.H.SiddiqueThe results have been obtained for three types of agroforestry system (agrisilvicultural, silvipastoral and homegarden system) on farmer’s field which may be ascertained through systematic research plots, before making any recommendation to the farmers.ThesisItem Open Access Socio-Economic Upliftment of Villages through Agroforestry Schemes of Chakriya Vikas Pranali In Palamu(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1999) Ashok Vijay Minj; Dr.R.M.Srivastava) The analysis of socio-personal and economic characteristics of the respondents of C.V.P. and control village revealed that majority of the respondents belonged to middle age group with nuclear type of family having medium size, high social participation in C.V.P. area observed. The study again supports the earlier observation that education is one factor which should be given top priority in the process of Agroforestry programme development. A considerable percentage of the respondents were having at least one pair of bullocks, improved plough and /or bullock cart, household items like chair, cycle, radio, sewing machine, etc.. livestock such as poultry, goatery, piggery, milch cattle etc. Land holding upto 5 acres in their possession and engaged either as farm labourer or cultivator. Notably most of the respondents belonged to medium socio-economic status. 2) Education has a definite positive relationship with the level of adoption and if we want to make our developmental programme to be more successful much more stress has to be given to the education of farm ers which will make them more innovative, skillful and abreast with knowledge of improved practices. Apart from education another most significant factor is extension contact/ social participation. Thus it is quite imperative that it is not only the input supply but regular service, guidance, training through extension contact is essential to ensure the success. 3) This study has proved that the farmers adopt the improved Agroforestry Practices mainly for the economic gain. Higher the economic motivation the more will be the favourable attitude towards the farming practices.ThesisItem Open Access Management of Ringspot Virus Disease of Papaya in Chotanagpur(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1998) Narendra Kudada; Dr. S. M. PrasadThesisItem Open Access In Vitro Maturation and In Vitro Fertilization of Caprine oocytes and its transfer in Black Bengal Goats(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Debashis Chakraborty; J.N.PandeyA large number of embryos can be produced by IVM-IVF technique using abattoir ovaries for research and commercial purpose at a very low cost. The technique involves collection, maturation, fertilization and early embryonic development in suitable media. Oocytes were retrieved from the follicles of goat ovaries collected from slaughter house. The maximum retrieval of cocytes (72.70%) was obtained by dissection technique followed by 61.89% through aspiration and 53.31% through puncture technique. Highest retrieval (38.53%) of good quality pocytes was found through puncture technique followed by dissection (32.42%) and aspiration (25.74%) technique. The fair quality of oocytes were retrieved maximum through aspiration technique (52.23%) followed by dissection (46.93%) and puncture (41.40%) technique. The number of retrieved oocytes/ovary were 5.41 +0.33, 4.54 + 0.14 and 4.09 + 0.80 by dissection, aspiration and puncture technique respectively. Oocytes were cultured in TCM-199 + 10% EDS (medium 1) and TCM - 199 + 10% EDS + 10 IU/ml each of PMSG and HCG (medium 2). Maturation upto metaphase - II indicated a significantly higher proportion of oocytes 65.56% reaching metaphase II in medium 2 compared to 53.79% at the same stage in medium 1. Oocytes from larger follicles have better chance of embryonic development than their smaller counterpart. The incubation timeThesisItem Open Access Investigation on Fruit Development, Fruit Quality Post Harvest Storage And processing of Litchi(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1998) Kamleswer Singh; S.S.P. VermaLitchi "the queen of the fruits" is an important fruit for Chotanagpur region and gaining popularity among the cultiva tors. The main problem is identification of suitable variety with higher fruit set, good quality and increased shelf life and processing. An experiment on litchi on fruit development, its quality, post harvest storage and processing was conducted during 1996 and 1997 in the Horticulture Department of Birsa Agricultur al University, Kanke, Ranchi. Five varieties namely Purbi, Deshi. Early Bedana, Late Bedana and Kasba were studied for fruit set and fruit development while only Purbi variety was taken for studying storage and processing. Maximum fruit set and fruit retention was observed in Purbi while minimum in Early Bedana. The maximum fruit develop ment took place in Kasba followed by Purbi. The maximum volume of the fruit was also in Kasba and minimum in Early Bedana. At the ripening stage the colour development started first in Deshi while at harvest all cultivars had reddish fruits except Early Bedana which had greenish in colour the lower portion with slight reddish tubercles. The maximum yield was recorded in Purbi (2328 fruits per tree).ThesisItem Open Access Contribution of Tribal Farm Women in Plant Biodiversity Conservation And Seed Technology(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1998) Prem Junul Kandulna; R. P. Singh "Ratan"Conclusion : The finding presented in the preceding paragraphs lead to conclude that the tribal farm woman belonging to low socio economic status group were having a broad spectrum of Knowledge about plant biodiversity, particularly the genetic diversity. They were found to be using various plants as a part of their life sustainses having strong emotion attachment with a number of a plants species due to their custom and tradition. Due to introduction of improved rice verities a few rice cultivars have been found to be extinct however majority of the cultivars were still being grown due to their multipurpose uses. Tribal farm woman were found to be engaged in all the components of seed production technology like their male counter part. But the women’s extent of participation was relatively a bit higher than those of their male counter parts.ThesisItem Open Access Yield And Trace Metal Concentrations In Abelmoschus esulentus and Colocasia esculenta.In Fly Ash Treated Soil(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1998) Priya Ranjan Kumar; Dr.R.P.SinghAn experiment was planned to characterize obtained from Bokaro for various physico-chemical properties and its possible agricultural and utilization fly ash chemical in two important vegetable crops i.e. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Colocasia (Colocasia esculenta) grown abundantly Chotanagpur soils and Santhal Paraganas region of Bihar. Fly ash of Bokaro steel plant was slightly acidic in reaction and rich in total and available plant nutrients except nitrogen. Higher contents of some heavy metals (Pb, Co and Ni ) were also recorded. Fly ash application upto 8 per cent with recommended level of fertilizer had beneficial effect on yield of Okra (80.45 q ha 1) beyond which there was a decline in yield. Similarly, recommended level cormel yield of Colocasia was higher (7.86 t ha-¹) at 8 per cent fly ash level applied with recommended dose of fertilizer followed by that at 16 per cent fly ash level + ½ recommended NPK (7.25 t ha-¹). Content of trace metals in okra was significantly affected by fly ash additions. Generally, all trace metals studied exhibited higher concentration with increasing levels of fly ash. Pb, Co and Ni varied from 6.47 to 25.68 mg kg-1, 10.45 to 34.56 mg kg-1 and 8.74 to 20.83 mg kg-1, respectively, increase in fly ash application rates ranging from 0 to 16 per cent (W/W) +1/2 recommended NPK. Content of Pb, Co and Ni in okra did not differ significantly when 16 per cent fly ash was applied with recommended or half of recommended dose of fertilizers. Content of trace element in okra was also influenced by picking time. Contents of all trace metals studied (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co and Ni₁) decreased from first to subsequent pickings of okra fruit. In colocasia cormel Pb, Co and Ni concentration varied from 16.42 to 34.50 mg kg-1, 16.14 to 45.12 mg kg-1 and 5.33 to 17.67 mg kg-¹, respectively, with graded level of fly ash application (0-16 % W/W). Content of trace metals in Colocasia leaves followed similar trend as Colocasia cormel, but were considerably lower in Colocasia cormel. Fly ash addition normally resulted in an average in of trace crease of 0.26 unit in pH and electrical conductivity by 0.13 dsm-1 when compared control. Availability of phosphorus, potassium and sulphur in soil after harvest of okra and colocasia increased with higher levels of fly ash incorporation in soil. DTPA extractable trace metal contents (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co and Ni) in soil after harvest of okra varied from 94 to 249 mg kg-¹, 20.16 to 61.33 mg kg 1, 0.81 to 4.17 mg kg-1, 0.75 to 3.27 mg kg-1, 1.51 to 5.76 mg kg-1, 1.67 to 6.27 mg kg-1 0.30 to 0.68 mg kg-1, respectively with varying fly ash and levels. The lowest value was recorded in control while highest with fly ash additions. Contents of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co and Ni in soil increased from 91 to 235 mg kg-1, 27.87 to 65.54 mg kg ¹, 0.65 to 4.12 mg kg-1, 0.61 to 4.29 mg kg-1, 1.62 to 6.20 mg kg-1, 1.75 to 7.20 mg kg-1 and 0.25 to 0.70 mg kg-1, respectively harvest of Colocasia with graded fly ash levels.ThesisItem Open Access Distributing of Iron And Manganese in Some Cultivated And Forest soils of Ranchi District(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1998) Suresh Prasad; N.K. RanaTwo soil Profiles; one in cultivated area and another in forest area of Ranchi district were studied. Besides this, some surface soil samples from adjacent areas of each profile and soil samples from two depths viz. 0-20 and 20-40 cms of N, NP, NPK, FYM, L+NPK and control plots of Permanent Manurial Trial were also taken to study the distribution of iron and manganese in the soils. In the profile of forest area, colour was strong brown to dark reddish brown, texture, sandy loam to sandy clay loam and structure was weak medium angular to strong angular blocky. In the profile of cultivated area, colour was yellowish brown to yellowish red, texture sandy clay loam to sandy loam and structure was moderate medium subangular blocky to angular blocky. Mottling s and concretions were also found in the profile. The results of present investigation indicated that in both the profiles there was increasing trend of clay, C:N ratio, pH, CEC, exchangeable bases. base saturation, active and total iron, reducible, active and total manganese, whereas organic carbon, total N, exchange acidity, available iron and manganese showed a decreasing trend down the profile. It was also observed that the values of silt, clay, organic carbon total nitrogen, soil acidity, exchangeable bases, and all forms of iron and manganese were higher in the profile of cultivated area than the profile of forest area. In the surface soils the organic carbon, total N. available forms of iron and manganese were slightly higher in the soils of cultivated area than the forest area whereas total and active iron, and manganese had reverse trend. In the soils of Permanent Manurial Trial plots, the long term effect of cropping and fertilizers use is very clearly expressed on various soil properties. The clay content, organic carbon, CEC, exchangeable bases and pH were highest in FYM plots followed by Lime+NPK plot, indicating the favourable effects of balanced nutrition on various soil properties whereas nitrogenous fertilizer deteriorated the soil properties. Continuous application of chemical fertilizers and FYM increased all the forms of iron over control but liming did not do so. The available forms of iron were more in upper layer than the subsoil whereas active and total iron contents had a reverse trend. Continuous application of N. NP and NPK fertilizers resulted in the depletion of all forms of manganese whereas FYM alone and liming along with fertilizers maintained the status of all the forms of manganese. All forms of manganese were more in the subsoil than surface soil in the treatments of N, NP, NPK, and L+NPK, whereas FYM and control had a reverse trend only in case of available forms of manganese. Correlation study indicated that the available forms of iron and manganese in soil were positively and significantly correlated with exchange acidity and organic carbon content but negatively and significantly correlated with soil pH. Total and active iron, and manganese in soil had a positive and significant relationship with clay, silt+clay, CEC and exch. Ca++ in the surface soils whereas a negative and significant relationship was found with exchange acidity.
