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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
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ThesisItem Open Access Physical Characterization of Jorsol2 and Bandhi Soil Series under Subarnarekha Command Area(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Binod Kumar; Dr.K.D.SinghThe study of physical properties of Bandhi and Jorsol 2 soil series in Darisai village under subernrekha command area revealed that upland soil were poor in organic matter contect, aggregation status , porosity density and hydro physical properties .Lowland soils however were better in these properties except that they were not well drained. Medium land soils were having an intermediate position in relation to these properties. The soils were sandy loam and clay loam in texture (Sand varying from 40.00 to 70.00 per cent silt from 10.00 to 24.00 per cent and clay from,( 14.00 to 32.00 per cent).Upland soils in both the soil series had relatively lighter texture then low land soils, medium land soils occupying the intermediate position. Bulk density of upland soils were higher (varying from 1.51 to 1.58gcm-3) than in lowland (varying from 1.34 to 1.40gcm-3).Medium land soils had intermediate values (varying from 1.46 to 1.52 gcm-3) Total porosity of all the soils was around 45 percent having an increasing trend down the slope of the land from upland to low land. Aeration porosity of all the soils was good (varying fron 14 to around 20 percent. All the soils were acidic in nature (ph varying in between 4.9 and 5.8) and low in organic matter contect (from 0.12 to .59 per cent)in 0-60 cm soil layer. Aggregation status as indicated by geometric mean diameter (G.M.D. ) increased down the slope of the land in 0-60 cm soil layer The available soil moisture storage capacity increased down the slope of the land ( around 89 cm in upland 93 mm in medium land and 101 mm in low land) following the trend of variation in clay content. Steady state infiltration rate (IR)and cumulative infiltration (C.I.) decreased down the slope of the land from upland to medium and to low land.(I.R.varying from around 5.5 cm hr-1 in upland to 2.3 cm hr-1 in low land and c.i. varying from 31 cm in upland to around 15 cm in low land).Hydraulic conductivity also followed the same trend ( varying in between 5.45 cm hr-1 and 2.18 cm hr-1).ThesisItem Open Access Integrated Weed Management In Pigeonpea + Soybean Intercropping System(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Binod Kumar; K. PrasadThe growth and development of pigeonpea and maize in pure stand as well as Intercropping systems was studied in relation to weed management. The slow vegetative growth of pigeon pea in the initial stage might he helpful in keeping this crop as an inter crop with maize after adopting suitable crop production measures Slow vegetative growth of pigeonpea up to first 5.10 weeks of sowing (Gangwar, 1992) provides an opportunity to weeds to germinate and to develop their vigour and this situation is also favourable for crop-weed competition for space, niatients, moisture and sunlight. With this view, an experiment was conducted in split plot design keeping cropping systems in main plot (sole pigeonpea, sole maize and intercopping of pigeonpea + maize) and weed management (Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg. a.i. fha, fluchloralin 1.0 kg. a.i./ha, metolachlor e 0.75 kg. a /ha as pre. emergence, hand weeding at 15,30,45,60 DAS and control) sown in 60 c.m. apart rows at university furt during kharif season of 1994-95. It was found that suppression of weeds was maximum (232.66 / m) in intercropping system followed by sole cropping of maize (252.58/m) and pigeonpea (298.46/m). All the weed control measures were significantly superior to weedy check with respect to weed population Effect of pendimethalin & fluchloralin was significantly better than control. But manual weeding was more effective than application of herbicides On the basis of pigeonpea equivalent yield of the system, intercropping gave maximum veild (22.90 q/ha) followed by sole crop of pigeonpea (14.00 q/ha) and maize (10.91 q/ha). Effect of fluchloralin (1.0 kg. a.i./ha) was found superior to other weed control measures except hand weeding. These findings are in accordance with the result obtained by Prasad and Srivastava (1991). It was further observed that benefit: cost ratio was more in intercropping (1.54) system than that found under sole crop of maize (1.24) or pigeonpea (0.97). Fluchloralin treated plots gave maximum benefit: cost ratio (1.49) followed by metolachlor (1.27) and Pendimethalin (1.24).ThesisItem Open Access Indices of P Availability in Relation to Soil Characteristics of Karaya Series of Santhal Pargana Region(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1995) Binod Kumar; Dr. B.P. SinghA series of laboratory experiments with respect to P status, relationship between different indices of P availability, soil properties and P fixation was carried out in soils of Karaya series of Dumka district of Santhal Parganas. Results indicate that the soils of this series are extremely to slightly acidic in reaction. The soils are of low organic carbon status and are usually sandy clay loam in texture. The available P content of soils range from 1.00 to 44.05 kg ha-1 and are categorized as of low to medium P status. Correlation studies between different indices of phosphorus and soil properties showed that soil pH had positive and significant correlation with Olsen P. In case of P fixing capacity, it showed a negative significant correlation with sand (-0.432) and positive significant correlation with silt content (r= 0.425*). Results further indicate that Al-P. Fe-P, Ca-P and occl.-P are positively and significantly correlated with Bray P₁ and Bray P₂ content. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was also carried out to know the variability of available P due to soil characteristics and different inorganic P fractions. Path coefficient analysis indicates direct and positive effect of saloid-P, Fe-P and occl.-P on available P (Bray P₁). In case of P fixing capacity of soils, it is found that saloid-P. Fe-P and Ca-P exert direct and positive effect on P fixing capacity.
