Thumbnail Image

Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

Browse

1993 - 19972
Reset filters
Author: Arun Kumar × End date: 1997 × Start date: 1993 × Type: Thesis ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Induced Mutation Studies In Indian Mustard (Brassica Juncea L)
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Arun Kumar; Z.A.Haider
    Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is predominant in Indian subcontinent among different forms of oleiferous Brassicas due to its wider adaptability, more productivity and better tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Recent studies have shown that the productivity of Indian mustard is still far behind most of the European countries. Mustard oil, due to the presence of high amount of undesirable long chain fatty acid, like, erucic and eicosenoic acids, is characterized as inferior in quality with respect to most other vegetable oils. Linolenic acid is another undesirable fatty acid which causes taste impairment during storage and reduces shelf-life of the oil. Besides, increasing seed yield, modification in fatty acid composition and increasing oil content has recently been a major goal of oilseed breeders. Induction of mutation in Brassica species through physical or chemical mutagens have been found to contribute substantially towards widening the genetic base of variability for the characters of economic significance. In view of this, the present project was undertaken during rabi seasons of 1994-95 and 1995-96 in a randomized block design with three replications using two well adopted varieties of Indian mustard (Varuna and BR-40).The treatments consisted of 50kR, 60KR, 70KR. 80 kR, 98 kR and 100 KR of gamma rays, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% and 1.2% v/v of EMS and 50 KR + 0.2% EMS, 60 kR+ 0.2% EMS, 70 KR + 0.2% EMS, 80 KR + 0.2% EMS, 90 KR + 0.2% EMS and 100 KR + 0.2% EMS of combination treatments. The study included induced variability for different yield and yield attributes in M₁ and M₂ generations. Frequency and spectrum of different chlorophyll mutations and effectiveness and efficiency of different mutagens were computed based on chlorophyll mutation. Oil content and fatty acid composition was estimated using the seeds of M₂ generation by pulsed NMR and gas liquid chromatograph, respectively. In M₁ generation there was reduction in germination, seedling growth (root and shoot length) survival and pollen fertility with the increase in dose of the mutagens used. EMS proved to have more deleterious effect than gamma rays or the combination treatments. Variety BR-40 was more sensitive to mutagens than the other variety Varuna. Differential response of the two varieties (Varuna and BR-40) to different mutagens could be observed in both the generations. Lower doses of gamma rays and higher doses of EMS and combination treatments in Varuna, higher doses of gamma rays and combination treatments and lower doses of EMS in BR-40, induced maximum variability for a number of quantitative characters in both M₁ and M₂ generations. In M₂ generation, frequency of chlorophyll mutations was more in EMS treated population of Varuna whereas in BR-40, it was more mutants in gamma irradiated isolated were: Albina, Xantha, The Viridis, Marginata, Variegated, Maculata and Sectoral. Among the chlorophyll mutants, Marginata Lower respect was more frequently observed in both the doses of mutagens were more effective and varieties. Efficient to chlorophyll mutation than the higher doses. Further that, EMS was more effective than gamma rays. Bidirectional shift in oil content and fatty acid compositions of both the varieties have beenrecorded in different mutagenic treatment. Considerable one have also been recorded which can well be used in future breeding programme.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Quantitative Analysis of Forage Yield Attributes in Oats ( Avena Sativa L.)
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1993) Arun Kumar; A.P. singh
    Oat [Avena sativa L.] is an important coreal cultivated for providing nutritive and high tonnage to the livestock during the winter season. It is also used for human consumption besides its several medicinal and industrial uses. Twenty seven promising genetic stocks in oats were evaluated under multicar system of fodder production. The field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replication during winter 1989-90 at the Fodder Farm, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability estimates, genetic advance and correlation alongwith path analysis and factor analysis were studied with respect to sixteen characters in the first cut and seventeen characters in the second cut taken for fodder. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variations were high for plant height, atom dry matter percentage and leaf-stem ratio on green as well as dry weight basis in the first cut besides tillers/notre row in both the cuts. Heritability estimates alongwith genetic advance were high for plant height, leaf-stem ratio on green as well as dry weight basis and stem dry matter percentage in the first cut. Similarly, in the second cut, these were high for plant height, leaf-length, tillers/meter row, leaf length-width