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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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2011 - 20122
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Subject: Veterinary Physiology × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE VARIATION ON REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES AND BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE DURING VARIOUS STAGES OF REPRODUCTION IN CHHOTANAGPURI EWE
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 2011) Verma, Rishikesh Kumar; Ishwar, A. K.
    On the basis of present study and the findings it is concluded that the different housing system did not had any significant effect on the blood biochemical parameter and hormonal profiles during different stages of gestation. The different housing system also did not have significant effect on conception rate and lambing percentage in Chhotanagpuri ewes.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE VARIATION ON REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES AND BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE DURING VARIOUS STAGES OF REPRODUCTION IN BLACK BENGAL GOATS
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 2012) Kumar, Binod; Ishwar, A.K.
    The present experiment was carried out to see the effect of different housing system in Black Bengal goats. A total of twenty seven non-pregnant parous healthy goats were allocated to three different groups consisting of 9 animals each. Different blood biochemical constituents and reproductive hormones were estimated during the experiment. Body weight, THI (Temperature Humidity Index), Estrus length, Conception rate, Gestation length, kidding percentage and kid weight immediately after parturition were also studied during the experiment. Allotment of experimental goats into different group were done on the basis of their age and body weight.  The body weight was recorded in each group. The result indicated the overall body weight of pregnant goats as (20.22±0.22), (19.79±0.47) and (19.14±0.58) kg in group I, II and III, respectively on expected day of parturition. It was observed that the average body weight was higher in group II as compared to group I and III.  The temperature humidity index was studied in each group. The result indicated THI as (84.07±1.71), (76.93±1.60) and (79.93±1.61) in group I, II and III, respectively. It was observed that THI was lowest in group II as compared to group I and group III.  The duration of estrus and gestation length of goats were studied in each group. The result indicated the estrus length were (28.63±3.44), (26.51±1.51) and (32.01±2.49) hours in group I, II and III respectively. It was observed that the duration of estrus was lower in group II as compared to group I and group III. The gestation lengths among goats were (148.00±0.42), (148.11±0.55) and (147.67±0.44) days in group I, II and III respectively. It was observed that the gestation length were almost similar in group I, II and III.  The conception rate and kidding percentage were studied in each group. The percentage of conception rate and kidding were 100 percent in each group. iii  The average body weight of kids was 2.03±0.10, 2.08±0.12 and 1.86±0.05 kg in group I, II and III respectively. It was observed that the average body weight of kid in group II animals were higher as compared to group I and III. The average body weight of male kids was 1.77±0.04, 2.36±0.10 & 1.96±0.11 and of female kids was 1.64±0.07, 1.9±0.10 & 1.6±0.10 kg in group I, II and III respectively. However, the average birth weight of male kids was higher than that of female kids in all the groups.  The different blood biochemical parameters like, Blood glucose, total serum protein, total serum cholesterol, total serum inorganic phosphorus, total serum iron, total serum zinc and total serum copper were estimated at different intervals of day 1 (estrus), day 20, day 45, day 90, day 135, expected day of parturition and also two days after parturition in all the groups.  The study revealed that the level of blood glucose differed significantly (P<0.05) among groups. The blood glucose concentration were significantly higher (P<0.05) in group II and group III in comparison to group I, on day 1, 20 and day 45 of gestation. However, it varied significantly (P<0.05) and decreased on expected day of parturition as well as two days after parturition in all the groups. It was also observed a significant (P<0.01) variation in blood glucose concentration within groups during all periods of observations.  The total serum cholesterol concentration started increasing significantly (P<0.05) from day 20 to expected date of parturition in all the groups. However, it started decreasing significantly (P<0.05) on two days after parturition in all the groups. It was also observed a significant (P<0.01) variation among all the three groups during all periods of observations.  The total serum protein concentration varied significantly (P<0.05) on day 1 and day 20 between different groups. The results showed that the level of total serum protein started decreasing significantly (P< 0.05) from day 20 till two days after parturition in all the experimental groups. It was further observed a significant (P<0.01) variation within groups during the experimental period. iv  The serum inorganic phosphorus concentration did not vary significantly between different groups of goats. It started decreasing significantly (P<0.05) and reached its minimum level on day 135 of gestation in all the groups and remained statistically static upto expected day of parturition and two days after parturition in all the groups.  The total serum iron concentration did not vary significantly between different groups, however, it started decreasing from day 20 and raised minimum level on day 135 of gestation in all the groups. The level of total serum iron started increasing from expected day of parturition till two days after parturition in group I and II during experimental period, although it was non-significant. Further it was observed that serum iron concentration varied significantly (P<0.05) within group II from the expected day of parturition to two days after parturition.  The level of serum copper varied significantly (P<0.05) between different groups on day 45 and 90. The serum copper level varied significantly (P<0.01) within group I and group II. However, it did not differ significantly within group III. The pattern of serum copper level remained static from day 90 to day 135 of gestation, thereafter increased from expected day of parturition and again decreased on two days after parturition among groups.  The total serum zinc level did not vary significantly between different groups. The serum zinc level again started increasing from day 1 to expected day of parturition in all the three groups. Thereafter, it decreased significantly (P<0.05) on two days after parturition in all the groups. A significant (P<0.01) variation was observed within groups during all periods of observations.  The plasma estrogen concentration between different groups did not vary significantly. The level of plasma estrogen decreased significantly (P<0.05) upto day 45 of gestation. However it increased gradually and significantly (P<0.05) upto expected day of parturition in all the groups. The plasma estrogen concentration decreased two days after parturition in all the groups but it was non-significant. v However a significant variation (P<0.01) was observed within groups during all periods of observations.  A non-significant effect of different housing system was observed on plasma progesterone concentration at different period of observations between groups. The level of plasma progesterone significantly increased (P<0.05) from day 20 to day 90 of gestation in comparison to the day of estrus (day 1) in all the groups. The level of plasma progesterone decreased significantly (P<0.05) on expected day of parturition and further decreased two days after parturition in all the three groups. A highly significant (P<0.01) variation was observed within all the groups during all periods of observations.  A non-significant variation was observed on plasma LH concentration between all the groups. Although a significant (P<0.01) variation was observed within all the groups during experimental period. However the plasma LH level decreased from day 20 till day 135 indicating progesterone production for maintenance of pregnancy and started increasing significantly (P<0.05) on expected day of parturition and reached its highest level at two days after parturition in all the groups.  A non-significant variation was observed on plasma FSH concentration between all the groups. It was observed the plasma FSH concentration differ significantly (P<0.01) within all the groups during different periods of observations indicating status of maturation and ovulation of ova. It decreased on day 20 and 45 of gestation however, concentration of plasma FSH were lowest at two days after parturition in all the groups.  A non-significant variation was observed on plasma triidothyronine (T3) concentration between all the groups. Although the level did not vary significantly from day 1 to 135 in all the groups but a significant variation (P<0.05) was observed in group III on day 135 of experimentation as compared to group I and II. The level of triidothyronine increased significantly (P<0.05) on expected day of parturition and two day after parturition in all the groups. It was observed that plasma triidothyronine concentration vary significantly (P<0.01) within all the groups during different periods of observations. vi  A significant (P<0.05) variation in plasma thyroxine (T4) concentration on day 1, 20 and 45 of gestation was observed between groups. The plasma thyroxine level significantly (P<0.01) increased in all the groups from day of estrus to expected day of parturition. The thyroxine concentration varied significantly (P<0.01) within all the groups during all periods of observations.  A significant (P<0.05) variation was observed in plasma cortisol concentration between groups on day 1 and 20 of gestation. It was observed the level increased as the pregnancy advanced and reached the maximum on expected day of parturition. The result showed the cortisol level vary significantly (P<0.05) on day 135 in all the groups. The level of plasma cortisol increased significantly (P<0.05) from day 1 to expected day of parturition and decreased two days after parturition in all the three groups. It was also observed the cortisol concentration vary significantly (P<0.01) within all the groups during different periods of observations.  Based on the above observations, it is concluded that the different housing system did not had significant effect on the blood biochemical parameter and hormonal profiles during different stages of gestation.  The different housing system also did not have significant effect on conception rate and lambing percentage in Black Bengal goats.