Thumbnail Image

Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

Browse

Reset filters
Subject: Plant Breeding × End date: 2018 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 35
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability and Correlation Studies in Some Brassica Juncea Mutants
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1999) Rajesh kumar; Dr. Anil Kumar Verma
    Oilseeds occupy a position next to cereals in our nation and Brassica Juncea L.has a definite identity among the oilseed crops. In view of the important of this crop, mutation breeding was resorted to taking two stable varities varuna and BR -40.For assessing the extent of variability, heritability genetic advance and gentic divergence 23 mutant lines of varuna and 13 lines of Br-40 were raised in M3 generation during rabi 1997-98 in RBD with three replications. The eight metic traits included days to first flowering plant height primary and secondry branches seed per siliqua siliquae per plant days to maturity and yield per plant. Phenotypic co-efficient of variation were high for secondary branched siliquae per plant and yield/plant in both the varieties whears genotypic coeffecent of variation was high to moderate for all these characters. High heritability accompanied by high genetic advance was obtained for secondary branches in both the varieties.While varuna showed high heritability for siliquae /plant and days to maturity also. The yield per plant in varuna had significant positive correlaltion with plant hight primary branched secondry branches , silliquae /plant and seeds/siliqua while in BR -40, it had significant positive correlation with seeds silique and days to maturity. It is apparent from the path analysis that days to first flowering had positive direct effect on yield as well as inBR-40. The highest D2 value between VM16 and VM18 in varuna and between BM3 and BM13 in BR -40 showed high genetic divergence between these mutant lines.The contribution of secondary branches yield/ plant days to maturity and siliquae /plant remained to the tune of 72.47 per plant of total divergence in varuna mutants ,whereas secondary branches plant height and days to first flowering contributed 71.43 per cent of total divergence in BR -40 mutants. The intra- cluster group mean showed cluster IV and V as more divergent than other in varuna wheras cluster 11 and 1v remeind more divergent in BR-40 .The characters respon slible for differentiation were mainly plant height primary and secondry branches siliqluae / plant and seed / silique.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Interrelationship between Metric character of Lentil (Lens Culinaris, Madik )"
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1998) Tarique Shamsh; Dr. K. D. Prasad
    Fifty four genotypes of lentil (Lens culisaris medic) were grown in randomized complete block design during rabi season of 1995 -96. The data recorded on ten quantitative characters viz. days to 50 percent flowering , days to maturity ,plant height , number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant and harvest index were analysis to find out the estimates of variability , heritability (broad sense), genetic advance, correlation coefficient and path coefficients. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the ten characters. This indicated the inheritant genetic differences among the genotypes for all the characters under the present investigation. Biological yield per plant, harvest index number of secondary branches per plant, harvest index of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant and grain yield per plant showed considerable coefficient of variation. Biological yield per plant, harvest index number of secondary branches per plant showed considerable coefficient of variation. High estimate of heritability (broad Sense ) together with high genetic advance in per cent of mean were observed for the charters number of secondary branches per plant number of pods per plant ,grain yield per plant and harvest index. Biological yield per plant also showed moderately high heritability and high genetic advance in per plant had a strong positive association with plant height number of primary branches per plant and harvest index. Path coefficient analysis revealed that the characters biological yield per plant and harvest index had high positive direct effect on grain yield per plant. The direct contribution of the character ,number of pods per plant was also positive and appreciable. However, its major contribution towards yield was through biological yield per plant. Present investigation thus indicated that biological yield per plant, harvest index per plant, harvest index and number of pods per plant may be considered in selection for increased grain yield in lintil.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Cataloguing of Germplasm of Transplanted Rice
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Ashwini Kumar; M. F. Haque
    Rice is one of the staple cereal crops of the world. It is consumed as a main food of more than 60 per cent of the world population It is a major source of protein (8.5%). It also contains about 2 to 2.5 per cent fat. In Asia, 90 per cent of the world's rice is grown and consumed, and nearly 2.8 billion people derive 35 to 60 per cent of the calories from rice. Rice area is concentrated in South-East Asian countries which contribute 80 per cent of total production. In India 90 per cent area is covered by rice during monsoon season. In some parts of the country it is sown throughout the year. India has the largest area about 41.5 million hectares under rice and annual production reached 80.96 million tones during the year 1995-96 (Swami Nathan, 1989 and Survey of Indian Agriculture, 1996, respectively). Therefore possibilities of further increase in area under rice cultivation being limited. Major gains in rice production in future will depend mainly on crop yield/unit area (Paroda & Malik, 1990). The yield gains in production were achieved due to the introduction of high yielding varieties in a big way in the country. Thus, the rapid spread of high yielding semi-dwarf since 1966-67 has greatly narrowed the genetic base of the rice crop. The average yield of rice in India is 1.9 tonnes/ha. and in Bihar 1.343 tonnes/ha. In India, more than 60 per cent of rice area falls in eastern India where the average yield is still low.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study of Variability Correlation and Path Analysis in Indian Mustard
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Punam Singh; A.K. Verma
    Title: Study of variability, correlation and path analysis in India mustard (B rassica JunceaL.) The present investigation on the genotypic and phenotypic variability ,correlation and path coefficient analysis was carried out for eight characters in forty genotypes of Indian mustard taken from different sources. Analysis of variance for eight characters revealed highly significant variation among the genotypes for all the characters. The range of variation observed in eight characters indicated a wide range of variations within characters. Highest range was observed in characters, 1000 seed weight and lowest in days to maturity. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was highest for 1000 seed weight followed by number of siliquae per plant. Days to maturity had the lowest coefficient of variation followed by plant height. As may be seen from the table the phenotypic and genotypic variances of three characters viz seed yield per plot, number of siliquae per plant and plant height were quite high. Highest genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was found for 1000 seed weight. The character days to maturity had the lowest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation. Highest heritability estimates was observed for days to 50% flowering (96.26) followed by 1000 seed weight (91.87) days to maturity (77.08), plant height (77.01) and seed yield per plot (64.70). The character number of primary branches per plant had the lowest heritability followed by no of seeds per siliqua and number of siliqua per plant.The expected genetic advance suggested relative differences among the different plant characters studied.The characters seed yield per plot showed highest genetic advance (72.72) followed by number of siliquae per plant (21.29) and plant height (19.91).The cha
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability And Characters Association in Chickpea ( Cicer Arietinum L.) Under Late Sown Condition
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Naresh Prasad Yadav; Dr. C.M. Sharma
    Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) is the most important pulse accounting for more than one-third of the area and about 40% of the production of our country. In 1993-94 in India, the area of 7.76 million hectare produced 5.56 million tonnes of grain and productivity was 823 kg per hectare. The crop belongs to family Leguminosac and sub-family Papilionaceae. It is important source of protein, varying from 183 to 23.2 percent. Bihar produced about 940 thousand tonnes of crop from an area of 1084 thousand hectare during 1994-95. In plateau region of Chotanagpur and Santhal Pargana, the area under this crop is about 36.0 thousand ha. with a production of about 25.5 thousand tonnes and its productivity is about 429 kg per ha. The present investigation was carried out on the study of variability and character association in a collection of thirty genotype of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) of diverse origin under late sown condition. The analysis of variance indicated highly significant difference among thirty entries for the characters, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, branches per plant, pod size, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield and significant for the character seed yield per plant. Wide range of phenotypic variability was observed for the characters days to 50% flowering, plant height, branches per plant, pods per plant, seed yield per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield. Similar results have also been reported by Bhardwaj and Singh (1970).
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Heterosis And Combining Ability Studies in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Em. Thell)
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Surya Prakash; Dr. M. F. Haque
    Wheat (Triticum spp.) is one of the most important winter cereal in India contributing as one third to the total food grain basket of the country. The present study is an attempt to analyses and to understand the genetic system especially in respect of inheritance of some important quantitative characters. The field experiment was conducted during rabi season 1994-95, in a randomized block design with three replications at the experimental field of Birsa Agril. Univ. Ranchi. The experimental material consists of 44 Fi's (derived from 11 x 4, 1ine x tester mating design) and 15 parental lines. The characters studied were days to 75% flowering, plant height (cm.), spike length (cm.), number of spike par plant, days to 75% maturity, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike (gm.), 1000 grain weight (gm.), biological yield per plant (gm.), grain yield per plant (gm.) and harvest index (2). The analysis of data for general and specific combining ability was done following the method given by Kempthorne (1957), besides other statistical analysis. A wide range of variability among the different genotypes was observed in almost all the characters. The analysis of variance revealed that there was the significant difference among parents and crosses for all the characters under study. The high estimate of heritability was shown by days to 75% flowering, spike length, days to 752 maturity, biological yield per plant and grain yield per plant, among the parents, as well as among the crosses. The same characters also showed high genetic advance and higher or moderate genetic advance of mean. In the heterosis study almost all the crosses showed high heterosis over mid parent, better parent and standard variety for the characters days to 75% flowering and days to 752 maturity and many crosses showed high heterosis for plant height, spike length, number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant and harvest index. In the combining ability analysis most of the parents showed significant values for most of the characters. The parent KG 128 followed by HD 2402 and BAUW54 were observed good combiners. The dominance of additive and non-additive gene effects were observed in all the characters. Non additive gene effect was predominant in almost all the characters.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetics Analysis And Combining Ability Studies In Linseed
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Chandrashekhar Mahta; M. H. Rahman
    Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is predominantly self-pollinated crop grown as a rabi oilseed in India. The oil content varies from 33 to 45 per cent and mainly used in paint and varnish industries as quick drying oil. It is also used as edible oil in many parts of the world. India is the largest country in the world in terms of area and production of linseed. However, the average productivity in the country is very low as compared to other linseed growing countries. Among the various causes of low yield, lack of suitable variety is one of the most important factors. Although some breeding programme has been executed to improve genetical potential of linseed, it is not sufficient for the growing demand of the farmers. The present investigation was carried out to identify suitable yield component characters for selection on the basis of various variability parameters and also to identify suitable parents for hybridization programme on the basis of combining ability studies. Correlation studied and heterosis were also investigated to know the better genetic behavior of this crop. A modified line x tester design was framed to get the above genetical information’s. The total breeding material for this investigation comprised of fifteen genetically diverse genotypes used as females, two well established males of different genetic base and thirty crosses thus obtained by crossing 15 females and 2 males. All the thirty crosses along with seventeen parents totaling fourth seven genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications during rabi 1995-96 for eleven quantitative characters following standard agronomic practices. The observation data obtained were utilized in analysing various genetic parameters for all the characters following standard methods: The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the seventeen parents and among the thirty crosses for all the characters studied. This indicated the inherent genetic differences among parents as well as crosses The genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variations was higher in parents than the crosses for all the characters studied except number of seeds per capsule. Plant breeders are mainly concerned with the genotypic coefficient of variation and it was found in considerable amount for the characters number of capsules per plant, seed yield per plant, 1000- seed weight and number of secondary branches per plant.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study of Variability Correlation And Path Analysis in Upland Rice ( Oriza ativa L.)
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Mrs. Pushpa Kumari; Dr. D.N. Singh
    The variability, correlation and path analysis studies were made in a collection of fifty genotypes with control variety birsa gora 102 of rice (oryza sativa L.) for ten quantitative characters. Analysis of variance indicated highly significant variations among the genotypes for the characters, days to 50 percent flowering, days to 100 percent flowering. Plant height, length of panicle, number of spikelet per and grain yield per plant. The range of variation observed in ten characters indicated a wide range of variations within characters. Highest range was observed in character, grain yield per plant and lowest in days to 100 percent flowering. The coefficient of variation was highest for number of tiller per plant followed by grain yield per panicle and number of spikelet per panicle. Days to 100 percent flowering had the lowest coefficient of variation followed by 1000-grain weight and days to 50 percent flowering. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation were high for the characters grain yield per plant, grain yield per panicle, number of spikelet per panicle and number of tiller per plant. The estimates of heritability in broad sense was highest for the character 1000-grain weight followed by day to 100 percent flowering and grain yield per plant. The character number of tiller per plant expressed lowest estimate of heritability.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability And Correlation Studies in India Mustard ( Brassica ' Juicea Coss )
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1994) Ajeet Kumar Yadav; Dr. A.K. Verma
    Title: Variability and correlation studies in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea Coss.). The present investigations on the genotypic and phenotypic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis was carried out for ten characters in twenty five germplasms of Indian mustard taken from different sources. Analysis of variance for ten characters revealed highly significant variations among t g the genotypes for all the characters except for days to maturity. The range of variation observed in ten characters indicated a wide range of variations within characters. Highest range was observed in character, number of secondary branches and lowest in days to maturity. The coefficient of variation was highest for number of siliquae per plant followed by number of secondary branches and 1000-seed weight. Days to maturity had the lowest coefficient of variation followed by days to 50% flowering. As may be seen from the table the phenotypic and genotypic variances of 3 characters viz. plant height, number of siliquae per plant and seed yield per plot were quite high. Highest genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was found for number of secondary branches. The character days to maturity had the lowest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation. High heritability estimates was observed for days to maturity, days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of primary branches, number of siliquae per plant, number of seeds per siliqua. The expected genetic advance suggested relative differences among the different plant characters studied. The character, seed yield per plot showed highest genetic advance of 26.54 followed by number of siliquae per plant (22.69) and plant height (21.23). The character number of secondary branches showed lowest genetic advance. Genetic advance in per cent of mean was observed to be highest for character, 1000-seed weight and lowest for the character days to 50% flowering. Highest significant genotypic as well as phenotypic positive correlation of seed yield per plot was found with the character 1000-seed weight followed by number of seeds per siliqua, number of siliquae per plant and number of secondary and primary branches. Negative significant genotypic correlation of seed yield per plot was found with plant height. Path coefficient analysis showed that the character number of siliquae per plant had highest positive direct effect on seed yield per plot followed by number of seeds per siliqua, number of secondary branches, 1000-seed weight, number of primary branches and plant height. Hence path analysis revealed that selection based on characters number of siliquae per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of secondary branches, 1000-seed weight and number of primary branches will be more reliable.