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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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2010 - 2019102020 - 20221
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Subject: Livestock Production and Management × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS, REPRODUCTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCES OF DESI CATTLE IN RANCHI DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2022) Kumar, Indrajit; Kumar, Ravindra
    The present study was carried out in three blocks of Ranchi district viz. Angara, Bero and Mandar. The data on 314 animals of 9 villages belonging to 90 farmers were collected to study the performance of the Desi cattle of this area reared under low input system. These animals were managed by small and landless farmers on free grazing system habit only. None of the farmers are practicing concentrate feeding to these animals. The overall average body weight at birth, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and more than 18 month of age were 10.64, 29.10, 43.57, 50.71, 79.41, 158.84 and 183.61 kg respectively. In adult animals the overall average for body weight, body length, heart girth, paunch girth, height at withers, face length, ear length, horn girth, horn length, hump length and tail length were 183.61 kg, 102.21, 138.19, 140.64, 114.11, 39.44, 20.87, 10.03, 12.03, 9.52, 78.45 respectively. The average for various reproduction traits like calving interval, gestation period, Age at first mating were 420.93, 281.71, 960.48 days respectively. These Desi cows matured at the age of 908.72 days and delivered first calf at the age of 1249.92 days. The average daily milk yield, peak yield, lactation length and dry period were 1.06 kg, 1.61 kg 214.3 days and 206.3 days respectively. Desi animals were found to be hardy tough by surviving and performing well even in adverse environment and in scarcity of feed and fodder in the region of present studies. Indigenous cattle of Jharkhand have peculiar physical characteristics viz. small in size and less in height. Conservation and improvement of this germplasm should be taken up immediately. Indigenous cattle of Jharkhand serves livelihood of small and marginal rural farmers as even the cows are utilized for various agricultural practices. They can be kept easily at very low maintenance and input cost.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GROWTH, REPRODUCTION AND SURVIVABILITY OF LOCAL PIG OF JHARKHAND UNDER FARMER’S MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2019) Verma, Pawan Kumar; Kumar, Ravindra
    Local pigs of Jharkhand have typical physical and Morphometric characters which is required to be registered for their future existence. In rural areas of Jharkhand farmer’s rear local pigs traditionally under zero of low input, results in high mortality, low productive and reproductive performance. In this situation promoting rearing under semi-intensive system of management will improve the growth and reproductive performance.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on effect of feeding Moringa oleifera leaf powder on growth performance of Japanese quail under deep litter and cage systems of management
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2018) Minj, Nirmala; Prasad, Sushil
    Japanese quail (Coturnixcoturnixjaponica) was first introduced in India from California University in 1974 as a new poultry species at Central Avian Resarch Institute, Izatnagar,Bareilly(U.P).Quail is popurarly known as Bater in hindi.Quail is the most efficient biological machine for converting feed into animal protein of high biological value and hence is the cheapest source of animal protein for human diets.The Japanese quails serve as a good source of food and provide good animal protein in many underdeveloped areas of world(Chaturvedi,1973)..Its consumption may be preferred by all as it has no religious taboo. It has nutritive value, good taste,flavour,tender and very delicious with low calorific value and high dry matter.It is rich in protein, vitamins, essential amino acids,unsaturated fatty acid and saturated fatty acid and phospholipids. The Japanese quail eggs contains more amount of B-complex vitamins and also vitA,vit D &vit E when compared to chicken egg. Likewise,the quail egg contains more Iron, phosphorus and higher calcium, sulphur and zinc. Because of high content of vitamins,minerals& quality of protein together with the nature of its fatty acid profile,quail egg are recommemded for medicinal treatments like anaemia,diabetes,ulcers,asthma&tuberculosis by restoring the optimal metabolism in the body cells. Now a days, commercial quail farming is getting popularity in India,because the investment & maintenance is very less as compared to other birds. Being herbal plant Moringaoleifera is considered as the most efficient because leaves contain higher amount of protein beside its several therapeutic and medicinal uses.Moringa is the sole genus in the flowering plant family Moringaceae.It is locally known as Munga or Sahjan.One such plant is Moringaoleifera ,commonly known as the drumstick tree (Makker and Becker 1997).There are about 13 species of Moringa trees in the famiyMoringaceae. They are native to India, the Red Sea area or parts of Africa.The trees also grow in tropical and subtropical climates. The plant was reported to contain various amino acids, Moringaoleifera as a highly potent anti-inflammatory(Ezeamuzle et al.,1996),and hepatoprotective(Pari and Kumar,2002).Every part of the Moringaoleiferatree,from the roots to the leaves has beneficial properties. The leaves of the trees have been reported to have an antioxidant activity due to higher amount of polyphenols ( Mayo et al.,2012;Sreelatha and Padma,2009). The leaf extract was found to regulate cholesterol level in rats ( Ghasi et al.,2000). The major component of essential oil in Moringa leaf were pentacosane, hexacosane,E-phytol and 1-(2,3,6 trimethyphenly)-2butanone.Moringaoleifera leaves are a rich source of vitamins. Its leaf meal may be a promising source of natural antioxidant for broiler meat. It also possesses antimicrobial activity due to its principle component pterygospermin.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on effect of feeding Moringa oleifera leaf powder on growth performance of growing female Black Bengal goat under Intensive and Semi-intensive systems of management
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2018) Kumar, Manmohan; Prasad, Sushil
    Goat farming plays a prominent role in the rural economy in supplementing the income of rural household particularly the landless, marginal and small farmers. Goat is considered as poor man's cow and it can be profitably reared with low investment under different systems of management. They provide quick return on account of their short generation intervals, high rate of prolificacy and making the related products. Goats' importance is indicated by various functional contributions like milk, meat, skin, socio-economic relevance, security, income generation, human nutrition and stability of farming system. Goats are the backbone of rural people's economy of arid, semi-arid and hilly regions of our country. Goats are mainly raised by poor farmers and distressed women with little capital investment (FAO,1991). They contribute significantly to the Indian economy by sustaining the livelihood and supplementing the income of the small farmers and rural poor’s. As per 19th census 2012 India contributes about 135.17 million to the world's goat population and occupies 2nd position in the world. Goat contributes about 26.4% of the total livestock population in India out of which 4.87% contributed by Jharkhand state having goat population 65,81,449. Considering these facts, the current research work was planned with following objectives – 1.To study the effect of feeding Moringa oleifera leaf powder(MOLP) on growth performance of growing female black Bengal goat under intensive and semi-intensive systems of management. 2.To study the effect of feeding Moringa oleifera leaf powder on age at attainment of sexual maturity of growing female black Bengal goat under intensive and semi-intensive systems of management. 3.To study feed conversion efficiency of feeding Moringa oleifera leaf powder in growing female black Bengal goat under intensive and semi-intensive systems of management. 4.To study the effect of feeding Moringa oleifera leaf powder on haematological and biochemical profile in growing female black Bengal goat under intensive and semi-intensive systems of management.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ASSESSMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND PREWEANING GROWTH OF JHARSUK PIG UNDER FARM MANAGEMENT
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2018) kumar, Mukesh; kumar, Ravindra
    Livestock is very important for Indian economy as well as critical for the welfare of rural population in particular and Indian population in general. The livestock sector contributes to Indian GDP more than 1/3rd of the total share from agriculture. Milk sector in India contributing over 71% if total livestock output followed by meat group. The production of mutton, chevon and beef may not be sufficient to meet the demand because ruminants have slow growth rate with longer generation interval particularly in cattle and buffalo. Among meat producing animals, pigs are important source of animal protein food across the world. According to the estimates of the Central Statistical Organization (CSO) 2007-08, contribution of livestock sector to the national economy is estimated at Rs. 2,40,601 core, constituting 5.21% of total Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The contribution of pork products in terms of value work out to 0.80% of total livestock products and 4.32% of the meat and meat products. Pigs are better than any other livestock species due to high prolificacy, reproductive efficiency, F.C.E and ability to utilize low cost protein source and kitchen waste. In India to make pig farming more profitable, scientist of Birsa Agriculture University has developed a new crossbred variety name Jharshuk. The Productive and reproductive efficiency of Jharshuk pigs were observed to better then desi/local pigs. Considering these facts, the current research work was planned with following objectives – 1. To evaluate the reproductive performance of Jharsuk pig 2. To evaluate production performance of Jharsuk pig 3. To Assess of production potential (up to 3-4 farrowing) of Jharsuk pig 4. To evaluate the effect as litter size on sow & piglets performance 5. To evaluate the survivability of preweaning piglets
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BLACK BENGAL GOAT UNDER FARM AND VILLAGE CONDITIONS OF MANAGEMENT
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2018) kumar, Navin; Shrivastava, A.K.
    The study was conducted on data pertaining to growth in terms of body weight upto 6 months of age, reproductive traits and survivability of kids during 0-3 and 3-6 months of age under extensive(village condition) and semi intensive (farm condition) with the following objective: 1. 1. To study the pattern of growth, reproduction and survivability of Black Bengal goats under farm and village conditions of management. 2. To study the effect of sex, parity and season of birth on important economic traits. 3. To develop strategy for breeding males and females
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF FEED ADDITIVE AND PROBIOTIC ON ECONOMIC TRAITS OF JAPANESE QUAIL UNDER DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF MANAGEMENT
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 2010) Gupta, Navin Kumar; Shrivastava, A. K.
    On the basis of results obtained in the present investigation, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The Japanese quail reared with feed supplemented with feed additive, probiotic and their combination performed better for all economic traits as compared to those reared with blank control under both deep litter and cage system of management indicating that feed additive, probiotic and their combination might be utilized effectively to boost up Japanese quail farming. 2. The Japanese quail reared with feed supplemented with combination of feed additive and probiotic performed better than the birds reared with feed additive and probiotic alone. 3. The feed additive, probiotic and their combination resulted in reduction in the production cost and thereby increasing profit. 4. The Japanese quail may be sold in the market at the age of 6 weeks instead of 8 weeks for better return. 5. The deep litter system of management was found better than that of cage system of management for quail farming.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SEROPREVALENCE OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII IN SMALL RUMINANTS AND PIGS IN AND AROUND RANCHI
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 2012) Bachan, Madhurendra; Deb, A.R
    Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular apicomplexan protozoan parasite, is prevalent worldwide. All the stages of lifecycle of T. gondii, viz. tachyzoites, bradyzoites and sporulated oocysts are potentially infective. Information on prevalence of toxoplasmosis in animals and man is scanty from India. Since there is no information available on the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among the economically important farm animals from the Jharkhand state, the present study was undertaken with the objective of studying the seroprevalence of T. gondii in small ruminants and pigs. In order to accomplish the objective, ELISA was laboratory standardized using standard reagents. A native protein based antigen was prepared from the purified tachyzoites of T. gondii, whole tachyzoite lysate antigen (WTLA) and was used in the indirect ELISA for screening the Toxoplasma-specific IgG molecules present in the sera. The serodetection potential of the native WTLA based ELISA was further compared with a recombinant surface antigen 1(SAG1) protein based ELISA. The serum samples were collected randomly from the target animals maintained either as free range management system in rural house holds as well as from the organized Government farms of Ranchi and Chatra districts of Jharkhand state. While collecting the samples, the age, sex and breed of the animals were recorded for drawing correlations with the prevalence of toxoplasmosis, if existing. A total number of 240 pig serum samples were collected from organized farm and slaughter house. The recombinant surface antigen1 based ELISA was superior in detection of the T. gondii specific IgG antibodies in 44.58 % of the serum samples tested over the crude whole tachyzoite lysate antigen (WTLA) which could detect the same in 40% of the samples. The prevalence of the disease was found more in the samples collected from slaughter houses i.e., 53.75% and 23.75% than that of farm i.e., 26.25% and 48.12% by rSAG1 and WTLA based ELISA, respectively. Sera samples were collected from Muzaffarnagari, Shahabadi and Chotangpuri breeds of sheep from Chatra and Ranchi districts of Jharkhand. The rSAG1 showed diagnostic superiority over the native WTLA. Out of 444 samples analyzed, 188 samples (42.34%) were found positive by rSAG1 ELISA, whereas 131 samples (29.5%) were positive with whole tachyzoites lysate ELISA. The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was studied in the Beetal and Black Bengal breeds of goats reared in the organized farm of RVC, Ranchi and Chatra as well as from the village conditions of Chatra and Ranchi districts of Uttarakhand. A total number of 445 serum samples were collected of which 120 samples were collected from Chatra farm maintaining Beetal breed of goats and 65 samples were collected from Instructional farm of small ruminants, Ranchi maintaining Black Bengal breed of goats. Rest 260 samples were collected from Black Bengal goats reared at village conditions. The rSAG1 ELISA was superior in detection the toxoplasma specific IgG molecules and could detect 42.47% of the total serum samples as positive, whereas whole tachyzoites lysate ELISA could detect 29.44% of the samples as positive. The Toxoplasma gondii specific polypeptides were resolved in the molecular range of 73.0 to 11 KDa in a 6-15% gradient SDS-PAGE under denaturing condition. The major polypeptides detected were in the molecular range of 73, 64, 55, 49, 40, 38, 37, 30, 25, 14 and 11 KDa. To identify immunodominant protein in whole tachyzoite antigen lysate of T. gondii western blotting was performed. The proteins in the molecular range of 73, 64, 49, 40, 37, 30 and 25 KDa showed immunoreactivity against goat serum collected from field, whereas 55, 49, 37, 25 KDa band shown a good immunoreactivity against sheep serum collected from field. The ELISA based detection method applied in the present study involving pig, sheep and goat population reared either as free range husbandry system or in organized farms generated important data on seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis at Jharkhand region. A high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among several food animals warrants for adoption of control measures to prevent transmission to susceptible humans.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF POLYHERBAL PREPARATIONS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND HAEMATOBIOCHEMICAL PROFILES IN GROWER PIGS
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 2013) Gyani, Avinash Chandra; Kumar, Ravindra
    The present investigation entitled “Effect of polyherbal preparations on growth performance and haematobiochemical profiles in grower pigs was carried out at Instructional pig farm, Department of livestock production and management, Ranchi veterinary college, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand. Experiment was designed using forty two weaned piglets of almost same age group of about three months and body weight of about fifteen kg. Before starting of experiment, piglets were maintained on balanced ration for two weeks. Thereafter, piglets were weighed and divided randomly into seven treatment groups (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7) having six piglets in each maintaining similar male : female ratio. All the piglets were dewormed 15 days before start of the experiment with Albendazole. All animals were vaccinated against swine fever. After start of experiment, performance of growing piglets was studied. The feeding trial lasts for two months. The details of feeding regimens in different groups were as follows, group T1 was control and feed contains basal ration having ingredients as 61% crushed maize+ 14% ground nut cake+ 16% wheat bran+ 7.5% fish meal + 1% mineral mixture + 0.5% common salt, group T2 was bacteriostatic growth promoter and feed contains basal ration + polyherbal preparation at the dose rate of 25 gm per quintal for 0 to 60 days, T3 was herbal antistressor and imunomodulator and feed contains basal ration + polyherbal preparation at the dose rate of 100 gm per quintal for 0 to 60 days, T4 was bacteriostatic natural growth promoter and feed contains basal ration + polyherbal preparation at the dose rate of 100 gm per quintal for 0 to 60 days, T5was liver tonic and growth promoter in powder form and feed contains basal ration + polyherbal preparation at the dose rate of 200 gm per quintal for 0 to 60 days, T6 was liver tonic in bolus form and feed contains basal ration + polyherbal bolus at the ddose rate of ½ bolus per piglet per day for 0 to 7 days in first monthand repeated for a week in second month (week a month therapy), T7 was liver tonic in liquid form and feed contains basal ration + polyherbal liquid at the dose rate of 10 ml per piglet per day for 0 to 7 days in first month and repeated for a week in second month (i.e, week a month therapy). Here, polyherbal preparation was variable while basal ration was constant. Experimental feeding was done for two months followed by one month post treatment period. The voluntary daily feed intake (ad lib.) of each animal was noted during pre-experimental period for two weeks. On the basis of total feed intake during pre-experimental period, different polyherbal preparation mixed ration were offered to the pigs in different groups as per technical programme during the entire experimental period. All groups of pigs were fed weighed quantity of feed ad libitum. The residues were collected separately and weighed at 8:00 am on next day in all the groups. Feed consumption was recorded on daily basis. Change in body weight was recorded in morning before feeding at every fortnight interval by using standard balance, blood samples were collected at start of the experiment (0 day), mid of the experiment (45 day) and at the end of experiment (90 day) to estimate the haemato-biochemical parameters. The results of present study are summarised as follows:- 1. The percentage of DM, CP. EE, CF, NFE, Total ash, Ca and P are 90.80, 18.30, 3.68, 4.80, 64.42, 8.80, 0.49 and 1.27 respectively. 2. No significant difference was observed in total body weight gain among group T4 and T7 but other groups showed significant difference. However highest body weight was observed for group T5. 3. Significant (P<0.01) difference in body length were observed among groups at most of the periods under study except 0 day and first fortnight. 4. Highest chestgirth was observed for group T5 followed by groups T1, T2, T3, T4 and T7. However, no significant difference were observed among groups during all the periods under study. 5. Significantly highest height at withers was observed for group T5 followed by T1, T2, T4, T7, T3 and T6. However, no significant difference were observed among T3, T5 and T6. 6. Significantly highest average daily body weight gain was observed for T5, T3, T6, T4, T7, T1, and T2 at most of the fortnights. 7. Lowest FCR value was observed for group T5 followed by T3, T6, T4, T1, T7 and T2 respectively. Significant difference were observed among groups during most of the periods under study except at 4th fortnight. 8. Among biochemical parameters, highest blood glucose level was found for T5 followed by T3, T6, T2, T4 and T7. However, difference among groups was observed to be non significant and values was within the range. 9. Total plasma protein value differ significantly (p<0.01) among the different treatment groups at the mid and end of the experiment. However, highest value was observed for T5 followed by T3, T6, T4, T2, T7 and T1 at the end of the experiment and was within the range. 10. Non-significantly highest ALT value was observed for group T7 followed by T6, T3, T1, T5 and T2 and was within the range. 11. AST value differ significantly (p