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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
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ThesisItem Open Access Integrated Effect of Organic Sources and Inorganic Nitrogen Levels on Transplanted Rice (oryza Sativa L)(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Sanjay Kumar; I.P.SharmaA field investigation was carried out to study the integrated effect of organic sources and inorganic nitrogen levels on transplanted rice (IR-36) under wet land condition during the kharif season of 1994 at BAU Farm, Ranchi. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Each replication consisted of nine treatments. Combination of 3 levels of nitrogen (0, 50 and 100 kg ha-¹) and three sources of organic nitrogen (FYM @ 5t ha-¹, BGA @ 10kg ha-¹ and karanj cake @ 600kg ha-¹). The treatment combination was T₁ - 0 kg N ha-¹ 5 t FYM ha-¹, 7₂-50 kg N ha-¹ + St FYN ha-¹, T3-100 kg N ha-¹ + 5 t FYN ha-¹, T₁-0 kg N ha-¹. -1 10 kg BGA ha ¹. T-50 kg N ha-¹ +10 kg BGA ha-¹, T-100 kg N 1+ 10 kg BGA ha-¹, T₂-0 kg N ha-¹ 600 kg karanj cake ha-¹, Tg- 50 kg N ha-¹ + 600 kg karanj cake ha-¹, T- 100 kg N ha-¹ 600 kg karanj cake ha¹. 50 kg P₂05 and 50 kg K₂0 per hectare were applied as basal dose. N, P and K were applied form of Urea, SSP and MOP. The soil of the experimental site was loamy in texture, low to medium in fertility status and slightly acidic in reaction (pH- 6.2). It is evident from the data that inorganic nitrogen levels influenced significantly the height of rice plant, number of leaves per hill, number of effective tillers par hill, dry matter par hill, length of panicle, number of grains per panicle and thousand grain weights. Effect of different organic sources of nitrogen was statistically at par. A close perusal of the experimental finding clearly indicated that when 100 kg N ha-¹ was applied in soil, it recorded the maximum grain yield. But maximum not profit was obtained when 100 kg N ha-¹ + 10 kg BGA ha-¹ was applied in soil (Rs.5190.33 not return ha-¹) followed by treatment receiving 100 kg N ha-¹ + 5 t FYM ha-¹ (Rs.5011.22 ha-¹ not return). The benefit : cost ratio was maximum (1.74) when 100 kg N ha-¹ + 10 kg BGA ha-¹ was applied followed by treatment receiving 100 kg N ha-¹ + 5 t FYM ha-¹ (1.66). Nutrient status of soil after harvesting of crops 1.e organic carbon, available N and P content of soil was found to increase in different treatment from initial value whereas K contents of soil slightly decreased from initial value. Moreover, all these results are of a single year and hence, for the confirmation of result, the investigation needs to be repeated.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of Potassium on Potato and Potato-Wheat Intercropping System(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1994) Sanjay Kumar; K.RoyPotassium is one of the three primary nutrients essential for plant growth. The farmers, with general belief that the soil is rich in potassium, apply only nitrogen and phosphorus to the crop. This sometimes results in high depletion of soil potassium in the field and causes an adverse effect on further production. Depletion of soil potassium is generally seen more in intensive cropping system, which is very much essential for increasing the production of food grains to feed the increasing population of our country. Therefore, the present studies on effect of potassium levels on potato and potato+wheat intercropping system were conducted in medium land situation of Birsa Agricultural University Farm, Ranchi in Rabi season of 1992-93. The soil was light textured, medium in depth and moderately acidic [pH 5.6J. It was medium in organic carbon [0.59 per cent) and contained 207, 46.2 and 240 kilogram per hectare of available nitrogen, phosphate and potash, respectively. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design [RBD] with six levels of potassium, viz.,0,50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kilogram of potash per hectare applied to the main crop of potato alongwith 120 kilogram of nitrogen and 100 kilogram of phosphate per hectare and two cropping system i.e potato alone and potato+wheat intercropping. The maximum potato tuber yield was observed with 100 kilogram of potash applied to the potato. This treatment was also effective in producing more number and weight of total tubers per plant than the other treatments included in the experiment. The higher yield of potato tuber was mainly due to the production of seed size (30-50 g) and small size [below 30 g) tubers both in number and weight in this treatment. Number and weight of large size tubers [above 50 g] increased with increasing levels of potassium. The percentage increase in yield with 100 kilogram potash applied per hectare was 40 and 18 over no potash and 50 kilogram of potash per hectare. There was no reduction in yield of potato when it was intercropped with wheat. The potato yield equivalent was also found be more at 100 kilogram level of potash and in potato+ wheat intercropping system than all other levels of potash and sole crop of potato. Net return, benefit:cost ratio and return per rupee invested at 100 kilogram of potash level and in potato wheat intercropping system were higher than all other levels of potash and sole crop of potato. With respect to wheat yield It was higher at 150 kilogram of potash applied to potato. Nutrient removal by the crops was maximum in the treatments getting 100 kilogram of potash per hectare and in potato intercropping system. Soil depletion in terms of available soil potassium was more pronounced at o and 50 kilogram level of potash and in potato+wheat intercropping system. Available soil potassium was at initial level when sole crop of potato received 100 kilogram of potash per hectare but it reduced when wheat was intercropped with potato indicating that some additional amount of potash should be needed to maintain the soil fertility at least at initial level when some intercrops like wheat are to be grown with main crop of potato.
