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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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Subject: Agricultural Entomology × End date: 2019 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Intercropping and Insecticides on Pest Complex of Cauliflower with Particular Reference To Diamond Back Moth
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Sanjay Kumar Sethi; Ravindra prasad
    The present Investigation entitled “Effect of intercropping and insecticides on pest complex of cauliflower with particular reference to diamond back moth” was conducted in the insecticides compound of Birsa Agriculture University, Ranchi Bihar in the winter season of 1996-1997. During the course of investigation it was observed that significantly lower incidence of pest – complex viz. diamond back moth (DBM), aphid and the Bihar hairy caterpillar were recorded on cauliflower when it was intercropped with either marigold or coriander as compared with that of sole crop of cauliflower. Significantly the highest suppression of DBM the Bihar hairy caterpillar were recorded when foliar spraying of cypermethrin @ 0.1 Kg a.i/ha, applied over the crop thrice of three weeks interval all most remains at par with that of quinalphos and B.t. K. ( delfin) @0.5 Kg a.i/ha and0.75 kg/ha respectively . However ,aphid (Bravicoryne brassicae L.) was most effectively suppressed by three foliar spraying with cypermethrin @0.1 Kg a.i/ha applied at three weeks interval .B.T. K. (Delfin) was found to be ineffective against aphid. The interaction between intercropping and insecticides were found significantly effective in suppressing the population of DBM and the Bihar hairy caterpillar throughout the experimental period , however ,it was found significantly in respect of reduction in aphid population only up to 5 days after each of the three spraying with only to insecticides viz. quinalphos @0.5 kg a.i/ha and cypermethrin @ 0.1 kg a.i. /ha. Intercropping showed no any significantly effect on yield of cauliflower, though apparently higher yield (172 q/ha) was obtained when cauliflower was intercropped with coriander as compared to that of sole crop (156.68q/ha). Cypermethrin , quinalphos and B.t.k (Delfin) proved superior over untreated control and being at par among themselves on terms of yield . However, the highest yield (188.33 q/ha) was obtained when the crop was treated with cypermethrin and the lowest yield (117.42 q/ha) obtained when the crop was left untreated. The interaction between intercropping and insecticides proved signific
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies On Rice Leaffolder With Particular Reference Ton Varietal Resistance And Chemical Control
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1990) Prasad, Anirudh; Premchand
    Studies were made on the biology of the insect, effect of damage by simulating various degrees of damahes, on yield attributes, screening for varietal and chemical control. Biology of the leaffolder was studied. Effect of three degrees of simulated damage were studied. Defoliation at 50 DAT appeared to adversely effect the yield attributes. Such as panicle bearing tiller, panicle length, grain weight and number of grains. Five cultivars have been identified which showed nil incidence as against 30.9% leaf damage in susceptible check TN1. Furadan 3G appeared to be the best insecticide recording the lowest percentage of leaf damage. However it was at par with coroban 10G mocap 10G and padan 4G. When percent productivity tiller is concerned all the treated but padan 4g were better than control. Highest yield was recorded under the treatment furadan 3G. The highest benefit cost ratio was obtained under the treatment trebon 10BC
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Pest Complex of Brinjal As Affected By Varietal Resistance And Insecticidal Application
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1990) Mandal, Sunil Kumar; S.P. Shaw
    Brinjal is the most popular as well as important nutritive vegetable crop of India and is found growing in all the year round. Farmers of Chotanagpur region have taken brinjal cultivation in a big way as a cash crop. But, yield performance of brinjal is affected by different insect pests. Frempong et al. (1978) reported the occurance of about 140 species of insect peste under 50 different families of 10 orders on brinjal crops. The important pests of the tract are Jassid (Amranca blautulla biautulle Zahida), Aphid (Aphis gossypii Glov), Epilachna beetle (Epilachna vigintioctopunctata Fab), Bihar hairy caterpillar (Spilosong obliqua Walk) and Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guan). The present investigations entitled "Post Complex of brinjal (Solanum melongong L.) as affected by varietal resis tance and insecticidal application" were conducted in the insec tory plot of Entomology Department and the sectional field of Horticulture Department of Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Bihar during monsoon-winter season, 1988-89.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS FOOD -PLANTS ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF B=DIACRISIA OBLIQUA AND ITS CONTROLS
    (Birsa Agricultural University, 1978) PRASAD, DEVENDRA; PREMCHAND
    Results of the effect of different food plants has opened a nar avenue for finding out the pretical utility of the toxic factor present in jorar and lantana upon which the caterpillars did not survive in the laboratory. Velvet bean, however, proved lethal in the laboratory as well as it was found free from damage by the Bihar hairy caterpillars. Regults of the chemical control suggest that the labomtory findings are not always successful to the same extent. Hence, field studies should be the basis of recommendationsof a pesticides against a particular insects. There is plenty of scope for conducting trials on the breeding and utilisation of Ganthecona bug in controlling the insects. Nuclear polyhedrosis has a potential value for the control of the insects. This may be taken up for a detailed study.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Bionomics and Control of Rice Gall Midge
    (Birsa Agricultural University, 1981) Choudhary, Rajeev Kumar; Premchand
    Several grasses serve as alternate host of rice gall midge(orseolia oryzee wood – mason)with a view to know that how the population of rice hall midge develops on grasses, when rice crop is also standing in the field a fortnightly survey was conducted in and around university farm between july and September 1985. The gale midge could be found on three grasses viz eleusins indica recorded the maximum infestation in 3rd week of july and this was the peak period of activity . other two grasses viz. Eleusine indica,Bothriochloa sp. And paspalum sp. Eleusine indica recorded the maximum infestation in 3rd week of july and this was the peak period of activity. Other two grasses showed the incidence only in August. Occurrence of parasite (platygaster orysae cam.) on gall midge in case of grasses could be found in the 3rd week of july. It went on increasing till first week of September. Probably this high level of parasitism resulted in nil population of gall midge in the 3rd week of September. In case of rice , incidence of orseolia oryzae (wood mason) was recorded in the middle of August.The peak period of activity could be observed in last week of September. Later, a sharp fall in incidence was noticed. Polyembryonic species of parasite (platygaster oryzae cam.)was recorded from galled tillers of rice in last week of August. Level of parasitism increased gradually and reached its peak in the 4th week of October. This high level of parasitism probably reduced the gall midge population to nil in the first week of November. In the chemical control trial of rice gall midge quinalphos 50 gave better performace followed by rice husk + quinalphos EC in case of broadcast sowing followed by bushening.In this cultural practices, quinalphos 5G showed the lowest incidence and recorded the highest yield. As far as transplanting practice is concerned,Karanj cake powder + fenvalerate EC recorded the highest yield and maximum benefit cost ratio.Phorate 10G showed the lowest incidence and recorded the 2nd highest yield.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on The Bionomics and control of Diamond Back Moth
    (1980) Tigga, Lucretia; Tigga, Lucretia; Prem chand; Prem chand
    Laboratory studies were made on the bionomics of Plutella xylestslla incubation Perion , larval and pupal periods and their survival exhibited marked effect of fluctuations with little variations in atmospheric temperature. Total life cycle occupied shorter period during warmer months and longer during cooler months.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF MUNG BEAN [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] GENOTYPES AGAINST MAJOR INSECT PESTS IN FIELD AND STORAGE
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) KUMAR, CHAMAN; Singh, P. K.
    Mung beans are a healthful source of protein, fibers and rich in vitamins and minerals. A large number of insect pests are attacking on mung bean throughout their growth period, which acts as limiting factor in production or grain yield, insect pests play an important limiting factor, particularly thrips, whitefly, jassid and pod borer complex in field while pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) is one of the major problems for increasing pulse production in India in terms of loss of seed viability and the infestation of pulse grain in storage. The weather conditions prevailing in the region play an important role in the occurrence and subsequent build-up of insect pests and their associated biotic agents. Thus, there is real need to develop area-wise the optimal methods of pest control by studying its population build up in relation to agro-eco factors and screen new varieties from time to time to identify the new promising lines suitable for specific environmental conditions for effective management of insect pests. Keeping this in view the present investigations were carried out on the topic entitled “Evaluation of mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] genotypes against major insect pests in field and storage” The field experiments were conducted at Research Farm during summer 2018 and the storage experiment was carried out under the laboratory conditions at Department of Agricultural Entomology, Ranchi Agriculture College, Birsa Agricultural University Kanke, Ranchi, during September to October 2018. In correlation studies the population of thrips, whitefly and jassid were significantly correlated with maximum and minimum temperature, whereas borer complex was significantly positively correlated with minimum temperature and non-significantly positively correlated with maximum temperature. Population of thrips, whitefly and jassid non-significantly negatively correlated with maximum relative humidity but population of borer complex, showed non-significant positively correlated with maximum relative humidity. Thrips, whitefly and jassid population also showed non-significant correlation with minimum relative humidity. Whereas, borer complex showed significant positive correlation with minimum relative humidity, when the rain fall was taken in to consideration then population of thrips and whitefly showed non-significant correlation with rainfall, whereas jassid and borer complex showed positive correlation with rainfall. Among the 52 genotypes the genotypes [COGG 13-19 (3.0), PDM 139 (3.1), Pant M-2 (3.6), SML 669 (3.7), IPM 2-14 (3.7), Pusa 1831 (3.7), PM 14-13 (3.9) and COGG 13-39 (4.3)], [IPM 205-7 (1.3), IPM 410-3 (1.3), SML 1829 (1.2), Pusa 1841 (1.3), IPM 312-4 (1.3), Pant M-5 (1.6), TMB 136 (1.9), COGG 13-39 (2.1), SVM 61-61 (2.4), and KM 2355 (2.3)] and [IPM 312-4 (2.0%), COGG 13-19 (2.3%), IPM 2-14 (3.0%) and IPM 512-1 (3.3%)] were found promising against thrips/5 flowers, whitefly/cage and per cent pod damage (caused by borer complex), respectively. The study on evaluation of mung bean genotypes against pulse beetle in stored grain the lowest number of eggs were found in genotypes [SML 1829 (1.0), VGG 16-058 (1.0), IPM 2-14 (1.3), KM 2355 (1.3), SML 669 (1.3), VGG 16-036 (1.3), IPM 512-1 (1.7), MH 1320 (1.7) and Pusa Vishal (1.7)], whereas the lowest number of adult emergence was noticed in [IPM 2-14 (60), HUM 16 (61), SML 668 (70.3) and KM 2355 (71.3)]. In terms of per cent grain weight loss [HUM 16 (18.7%), IPM 2-14 (18.8%), MH 421 (19.9%), SML 668 (20.1%), COGG 13-19 (20.2%), KM 2355 (20.7%), SML 1829 (20.8%), SML 1082 (20.8%), COGG 13-39 (21.5%), MH 13-20 (21.7%), VGG 16-058 (22.1%), VMS 13-12 (22.2%), SVM 61-61 (22.2%) and SML 669 (22.4%)] genotypes were observed lowest per cent grain weight loss and the genotypes [IPM 2-14 (92%) and HUM 16 (89.7%] were showed highest per cent of seed germination.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MANAGEMENT OF YELLOW STEM BORER, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) INFESTING RICE
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) R., Sountharya; Prasad, Dr. Rabindra
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important and vital component of our everyday diet. Yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Walker) is a serious pest causing up to 10-60% of yield loss. Therefore, the current study entitled “Management of yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Walker) infesting rice” has been undertaken in order to formulate an effective pest management strategy as an integral part of ICM of rice. Field experiments were conducted during Kharif season of the year 2018 to generate information pertaining to the effective management of yellow stem borer in rice. Among the various weather factors, maximum and minimum atmospheric temperature during the cropping season were found to be having a significant positive correlation with YSB’s activity in terms of both incidence of dead heart and incidence of white ear due to the attack of the pest. Twenty seven rice genotypes were screened for their resistance against YSB among which the highest grain yield of 43 q/ha was recorded in the rice genotype Shobini, even though, it received comparatively higher level of pest attack and it was at par with CR Dhan 701 (41.50 q/ha) in terms of grain yield. So, these two rice genotypes (Shobini and CR Dhan 701) may be rated as tolerant to YSB. TN-1, the susceptible variety succumbed to the highest pest attack with the lowest grain yield of 26.3 q/ha. Findings of the bio-efficacy evaluation trial of certain newer chemical insecticides against YSB showed that the ready-mix combination product of flubendiamide 240 SC + thiacloprid 240 SC @ 250 ml/ha recorded the lowest incidence of dead heart and white ear (2.07% DH and 2.30%WE, respectively). The highest grain yield to the tune of 45.00 q/ha was recorded in the insecticide flubendiamide 480 SC @ 50 ml/ha which was at par with the treatment involving the combination product of flubendiamide 240 SC + thiacloprid 240 SC @ 250 ml/ha (43.4 q/ha). The treatment consisting of foliar sprays with flubendiamide 480 SC @ 50 ml/ha proved to be the most cost-effective, with the highest net profit of Rs.19,760/ha along with the highest benefit cost ratio of 5.81:1 owing to the highest suppression of the incidence of YSB throughout the cropping season. The findings of the experiment for testing the bio efficacy of alternate application of the botanical and chemical insecticides indicated that the treatment involving the chemical insecticide flubendiamide 480 SC (@50 ml/ha) proved to be the most effective treatment against both dead heart and white ear caused by yellow stem borer, since it recorded the lowest dead heart (1.99%DH) and white ear (2.08%WE) values. The highest grain yield was recorded in the foliar application of flubendiamide 480 SC @ 50 ml/ha (43.6 q/ha) which was at par with the foliar spray involving flubendiamide 480 SC (@50 ml/ha) alternated with Nimbicidine 0.03% Aza. (42.7 q/ha) at 30DAT, 50 DAT and 85 DAT. It was also revealed that the foliar sprays with chemical insecticide flubendiamide 480 SC @ 50 ml/ha realised the highest net profit of Rs.16,423/ha with the highest B:C ratio of 5.67:1. In conclusion, utilizing resistant rice genotypes along with need based application of newer molecules of chemical insecticides alternated with botanical insecticides could be highly effective tool for the management of the yellow stem borer in rice, which is feasible for incorporation into the existing integrated pest management practices, resulting in appreciably higher yield of grains and increased net monetary returns.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MANAGEMENT OF LEAF FOLDER (Cnaphalocrosis medinalis Guenee) INFESTING RICE
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) Priya, Priti; Prasad, Rabindra
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide. It is the major staple food in Asian country as well as India and the state of Jharkhand. India has the world’ s largest area under Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with 44.1 million ha and is the second largest producers of rice to the tune of 105.48 million tons in 2014-15, next to China (Anonymous, 2016). The crop is usually badly affected by half of a dozen of major insect pests. Out of these, leaf folder is one of the major insect pests of rice. It causes 30-80 % yield losses especially during epidemic situation. In order to manage rice leaf folder, the present thesis protocol “Management of leaf folder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Gn.) infesting rice” was undertaken with four major objectives namely monitoring of the pest, varietal screening of the pest, bio-efficacy evaluation of newer molecule of insecticide against the pest as well as use of HPR and need based judicious application of insecticide for management of the pest. The field experiments were conducted in the fields of Rice Research Farm of Birsa Agriculture University, Kanke, Ranchi during Kharif season, 2018. It was found that there was positive correlation between maximum atmospheric temperature and incidence of pest. The results of field studies on host plant reaction of 28 rice genotypes against leaf folder revealed that rice genotypes namely Sinna Sivappu, MSM-3, MTU 1245, Suraksha, RP-2068-18-3-5, MSM-1, MSM-2, W1263, KAUPTB 0627-2-11-14-15, Kavya were found promishing against the pest species, receiving damaged leaves due to the pest below 10 percent. The experimental findings also revealed that ready mix new combination of insecticidal product i.e. flubendiamide 480 SC plus thiacloprid 480 SC @ 250 ml/ha applied at 30 DAT, 50 DAT and 80 DAT (date of transplanting) could be found most effective insecticide resulting in the highest grain yield of rice (46.50 q/ha) with maximum benefit cost ratio (6.2:1) owing to the minimum incidence of rice leaf folder. The experimental findings revealed that use of host plant resistance (HPR) coupled with judicious application of newer molecule of insecticide i.e. flubendiamide 480 SC @ 50 ml/ha applied as foliar spray at 30, 50 and 80 DAT could be found highly effective in substantial reduction in the incidence of leaf folder which, in turn, realized appreciable enhancement in additional yield over the untreated control in all the five test varieties of rice amounting to 20.0, 16.10, 14.00, 11.22 and 10.10 q/ha in case of Lalat, IR 64 (drt-1), Sahbhagi Dhan, BVS-1, TN-1 respectively. In brief, it may be concluded that use of HPR (host plant resistance) coupled with judicious application of the appropriate insecticide could be highly effective for minimization in the incidence of leaf folder and optimization of realization of higher grain’s yield of rice, higher net return and B:C ratio with the least harm or no harm to the rice agro-ecologies.