Loading...
Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
Browse
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Effect of Intercropping and Insecticides on Pest Complex of Cauliflower with Particular Reference To Diamond Back Moth(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Sanjay Kumar Sethi; Ravindra prasadThe present Investigation entitled “Effect of intercropping and insecticides on pest complex of cauliflower with particular reference to diamond back moth” was conducted in the insecticides compound of Birsa Agriculture University, Ranchi Bihar in the winter season of 1996-1997. During the course of investigation it was observed that significantly lower incidence of pest – complex viz. diamond back moth (DBM), aphid and the Bihar hairy caterpillar were recorded on cauliflower when it was intercropped with either marigold or coriander as compared with that of sole crop of cauliflower. Significantly the highest suppression of DBM the Bihar hairy caterpillar were recorded when foliar spraying of cypermethrin @ 0.1 Kg a.i/ha, applied over the crop thrice of three weeks interval all most remains at par with that of quinalphos and B.t. K. ( delfin) @0.5 Kg a.i/ha and0.75 kg/ha respectively . However ,aphid (Bravicoryne brassicae L.) was most effectively suppressed by three foliar spraying with cypermethrin @0.1 Kg a.i/ha applied at three weeks interval .B.T. K. (Delfin) was found to be ineffective against aphid. The interaction between intercropping and insecticides were found significantly effective in suppressing the population of DBM and the Bihar hairy caterpillar throughout the experimental period , however ,it was found significantly in respect of reduction in aphid population only up to 5 days after each of the three spraying with only to insecticides viz. quinalphos @0.5 kg a.i/ha and cypermethrin @ 0.1 kg a.i. /ha. Intercropping showed no any significantly effect on yield of cauliflower, though apparently higher yield (172 q/ha) was obtained when cauliflower was intercropped with coriander as compared to that of sole crop (156.68q/ha). Cypermethrin , quinalphos and B.t.k (Delfin) proved superior over untreated control and being at par among themselves on terms of yield . However, the highest yield (188.33 q/ha) was obtained when the crop was treated with cypermethrin and the lowest yield (117.42 q/ha) obtained when the crop was left untreated. The interaction between intercropping and insecticides proved significThesisItem Open Access Studies On Rice Leaffolder With Particular Reference Ton Varietal Resistance And Chemical Control(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1990) Prasad, Anirudh; PremchandStudies were made on the biology of the insect, effect of damage by simulating various degrees of damahes, on yield attributes, screening for varietal and chemical control. Biology of the leaffolder was studied. Effect of three degrees of simulated damage were studied. Defoliation at 50 DAT appeared to adversely effect the yield attributes. Such as panicle bearing tiller, panicle length, grain weight and number of grains. Five cultivars have been identified which showed nil incidence as against 30.9% leaf damage in susceptible check TN1. Furadan 3G appeared to be the best insecticide recording the lowest percentage of leaf damage. However it was at par with coroban 10G mocap 10G and padan 4G. When percent productivity tiller is concerned all the treated but padan 4g were better than control. Highest yield was recorded under the treatment furadan 3G. The highest benefit cost ratio was obtained under the treatment trebon 10BCThesisItem Open Access Pest Complex of Brinjal As Affected By Varietal Resistance And Insecticidal Application(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1990) Mandal, Sunil Kumar; S.P. ShawBrinjal is the most popular as well as important nutritive vegetable crop of India and is found growing in all the year round. Farmers of Chotanagpur region have taken brinjal cultivation in a big way as a cash crop. But, yield performance of brinjal is affected by different insect pests. Frempong et al. (1978) reported the occurance of about 140 species of insect peste under 50 different families of 10 orders on brinjal crops. The important pests of the tract are Jassid (Amranca blautulla biautulle Zahida), Aphid (Aphis gossypii Glov), Epilachna beetle (Epilachna vigintioctopunctata Fab), Bihar hairy caterpillar (Spilosong obliqua Walk) and Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guan). The present investigations entitled "Post Complex of brinjal (Solanum melongong L.) as affected by varietal resis tance and insecticidal application" were conducted in the insec tory plot of Entomology Department and the sectional field of Horticulture Department of Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Bihar during monsoon-winter season, 1988-89.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS FOOD -PLANTS ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF B=DIACRISIA OBLIQUA AND ITS CONTROLS(Birsa Agricultural University, 1978) PRASAD, DEVENDRA; PREMCHANDResults of the effect of different food plants has opened a nar avenue for finding out the pretical utility of the toxic factor present in jorar and lantana upon which the caterpillars did not survive in the laboratory. Velvet bean, however, proved lethal in the laboratory as well as it was found free from damage by the Bihar hairy caterpillars. Regults of the chemical control suggest that the labomtory findings are not always successful to the same extent. Hence, field studies should be the basis of recommendationsof a pesticides against a particular insects. There is plenty of scope for conducting trials on the breeding and utilisation of Ganthecona bug in controlling the insects. Nuclear polyhedrosis has a potential value for the control of the insects. This may be taken up for a detailed study.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Bionomics and Control of Rice Gall Midge(Birsa Agricultural University, 1981) Choudhary, Rajeev Kumar; PremchandSeveral grasses serve as alternate host of rice gall midge(orseolia oryzee wood – mason)with a view to know that how the population of rice hall midge develops on grasses, when rice crop is also standing in the field a fortnightly survey was conducted in and around university farm between july and September 1985. The gale midge could be found on three grasses viz eleusins indica recorded the maximum infestation in 3rd week of july and this was the peak period of activity . other two grasses viz. Eleusine indica,Bothriochloa sp. And paspalum sp. Eleusine indica recorded the maximum infestation in 3rd week of july and this was the peak period of activity. Other two grasses showed the incidence only in August. Occurrence of parasite (platygaster orysae cam.) on gall midge in case of grasses could be found in the 3rd week of july. It went on increasing till first week of September. Probably this high level of parasitism resulted in nil population of gall midge in the 3rd week of September. In case of rice , incidence of orseolia oryzae (wood mason) was recorded in the middle of August.The peak period of activity could be observed in last week of September. Later, a sharp fall in incidence was noticed. Polyembryonic species of parasite (platygaster oryzae cam.)was recorded from galled tillers of rice in last week of August. Level of parasitism increased gradually and reached its peak in the 4th week of October. This high level of parasitism probably reduced the gall midge population to nil in the first week of November. In the chemical control trial of rice gall midge quinalphos 50 gave better performace followed by rice husk + quinalphos EC in case of broadcast sowing followed by bushening.In this cultural practices, quinalphos 5G showed the lowest incidence and recorded the highest yield. As far as transplanting practice is concerned,Karanj cake powder + fenvalerate EC recorded the highest yield and maximum benefit cost ratio.Phorate 10G showed the lowest incidence and recorded the 2nd highest yield.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on The Bionomics and control of Diamond Back Moth(1980) Tigga, Lucretia; Tigga, Lucretia; Prem chand; Prem chandLaboratory studies were made on the bionomics of Plutella xylestslla incubation Perion , larval and pupal periods and their survival exhibited marked effect of fluctuations with little variations in atmospheric temperature. Total life cycle occupied shorter period during warmer months and longer during cooler months.ThesisItem Open Access MANAGEMENT OF RICE GALL MIDGE (Orseolia oryzae Wood Mason)(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2018) Kumari, Alka; Prasad, RabindraRice (Oryza sativa L.) is one the most important staple food of the South- East Asia as well as India including the state of Jharkhand. Rice (Oryza sativa L., 2n=24) is grown in the state in around 18 lakh hectares. The crop is usually badly affected by half of a dozen of major insect pests. Out of these, gall midge is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice. It attacks the crop right from nursery to till the initiation of panicle emergence in rice plants. Use of chemical insecticides is one of the most effective tool of pest management but it’s injudicious usage has too many side effects. So use of eco–friendly and neem based tools of IPM namely HPR, suitable adjustment in dates of planting, and use of eco-friendly insecticides is a need of present time for sustainable management of pests without harming the environment and ecosystem. Judicious and need based use of chemical insecticides may also be employed as the last resort. Information on all these aspects are almost lacking in the context of the state of Jharkhand. Keeping all these facts in view the present investigation entitled “management of rice gall midge (Orseolia oryzae Wood Mason)” was undertaken to explore the required and pertinent information pertaining to 5 set objectives of the thesis protocol. Accordingly, five experiments were conducted during kharif season of 2017 to explore the pertinent and significant information for management of rice gall midge in the context of the state of Jharkhand. The most active period of gall midge was found in 39th SMW i.e. 24th September to 30th September almost in all the three rice varieties i.e. TN-1, Suraksha and IR-36. The experimental results of field screening of 23 rice genotypes/ varieties against gall midge revealed that Kavya, W-1263, Abhaya, Phalguna, Suraksha and BG-380-2 emerged as resistant and promising against the insect pest, receiving silver shoot incidence almost below 5 percent in the present studies. Neem Baan (Aza. 1.0% EC), NSKE -5%, Neemazal (Aza. 1.0% EC)@ 1000 ml/ha, Achook (Aza. 0.03 % EC)@ 2500 ml / ha appeared to be relatively more effective against the pest species resulting in the realization of considerably higher grains yields of 34.03, 33.77, 33.60 and 32.70 q/ha respectively . The most effective chemical insecticide was the ready mix combination product of flubendamide 240 SC plus thiacloprid 240 SC (i.e. 480 SC) applied as foliar spray @ 250 ml/ha on need based basis which could be able to minimize the incidence of gall midge (8.95 % SS) that, in turn realized the highest grains yield to tune of 45.80 q/ha in rice (var. Swarna). The combined use of HPR and need based judicious and alternate foliar application of chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 2.5 lit and NSKE-5 percent could be highly effective in reducing the incidence of silver shoot in the two resistant rice varieties viz. BG-380-2 (2.54 % SS ) and Naveen (2.83 % SS) as well as in three other popular rice varieties viz. PAC-801 (5.13 % SS), Sahbhagi Dhan (4.96 % SS) and BVS-1 (5.59 % SS) with significantly higher yield realization of grains as compared to the same respective varieties grown in the unprotected situation. Even, the susceptible variety, TN-1 could also be highly benefited by suitable protection measures in this regards. In nutshell, use of HPR (host plant resistance) coupled with judicious application of the appropriate insecticide could be highly effective for minimization in the incidence of gall midge, and optimization of realization of higher grain’s yield of rice with the least harm or no harm to the agro-ecosystem.ThesisItem Open Access MANAGEMENT OF INSECT PESTS OF RICE THROUGH ECO-FRIENDLY APPROACH(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2017) Kumar, Pradeep; Prasad, RabindraRice is one of the most important staple foods of India including the state of Jharkhand. The crop is usually badly affected by half of a dozen of major insect pests .Use of chemical insecticides is one of the most effective tool of pest management but it’s injudicious usage has too many side effects. So use of eco– friendly and neem based tools of IPM namely HPR, suitable adjustment in dates of planting and use of eco-friendly insecticides is a need of present time for sustainable management of pests without harming the environment and ecosystem. Keeping all these facts in view the present investigation was undertaken. Out of 16 prevailing insect pest species in rice ecosystem, five of them occurred as major pest’s viz. YSB, hispa, leaf folder, GLH and ear bug. The rice varieties viz., Kavya, Suraksha, IR-36, and BG-380-2 remained resistant to the five major insect pests, resulting in higher yield of 38.70, 35.80, 26.70and 42.80 q/ha respectively, even when they were grown in the unprotected condition. TN-1, Pusa Basmati -1, IR-64,Swarna and Birsa mati exhibited susceptibility to the pests resulting in lower yield of 16.38 , 42.50, 38.50,40.50, and 44.50 q/ha respectively . Minimum incidence of major pests namely – YSB, hispa , GLH and gundhi bug was observed when the crop was transplanted at the earliest (i.e. on 1st of July , 15) whereas maximum incidence of gundhi bug was found when the transplantation of the crop was delayed. Highest yield was also found when the crop was transplanted at the earliest. Need based foliar sprays with neem based insecticides applied at 25, 35, 50, 80 and 115 days after transplanting (DAT) proved to be highly effective against prevailing major insect pest. Monocrotophos being the most effective in this regard resulting in the highest yield when compared to 11 neem based insecticides, Achook, Neemark, and NSKE-5% proved more effective in reducing the incidence of the major insect pests. As such, integration of various IPM tools i.e., HPR (i.e. resistant varieties) coupled with early planting of the crop, need based and judicious application of the neem formulations could be highly effective component (tool) as an integral part of IPM/ICM for sustainable rice production.ThesisItem Open Access ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF INSECT PESTS OF MAIZE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO STEM BORER(Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 2012) Kurly, Shanti; Kumar, BinayThe field experiment was conducted to study the “Eco-friendly management of insect pests of maize with special reference to stem borer” on maize variety HQPM-1during kharif 2010 in the research farm of Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi. The five pests were observed i.e. stem borer, leaf folder, grasshopper, termite and cob borer. The maximum infestation of stem borer (19.6%), leaf folder (8.6%), dead heart (2.6%) and termite (4.6%) was recorded at research farm BAU and grasshopper (5.3%) at khunti and cob borer (3.2%) at Manatu, respectively. The first infestation of insect was noticed on 3rd August 2010 (31st std. wk.) which increased to the level of 6.9 per cent on 17th August 2010 (33rd std. wk.) and thereafter declining trend was noticed and its infestation came down to the level of 2.7 per cent on (40th standard week). The similar trend was noticed in the case of dead heart and leaf folder. The maximum temperature was significant and positive correlation with stem borer infestation (0.707**) and dead heart (0.700**) as well as leaf folder (0.601*) infestation. The maximum relative humidity showed significant and negative effect on stem borer infestation (-0.641*), dead heart (-0.606*) and leaf folder (-0.638*) damage. Out of 25 genotypes screened, 15 genotypes were found to be less susceptible. The rest 10 genotypes were grouped into moderately susceptible category. The 14 genotype had mean tunnel length below 10.0cm and the rest genotypes had mean tunnel length above 10.0cm. The six genotypes had mean exit hole above five while rest genotypes were having exit hole below five. The highest reduction in dead heart was recorded in treatment T7 Karanj oil+Imidacloprid (2.8%) followed by T5 Neem oil+Imidacloprid (3.9%) and T3 Imidacloprid (4.5%). The mean plant infestation was recorded to be lowest with Karanj oil+Imidacloprid (14.1%) followed by Neem oil+Imidacloprid (24.2%). The highest reduction in stem tunneling (2.7%) was recorded in T7 Karanj oil+Imidacloprid @ 10ml+2ml/L water followed by T5 Neem oil+Imidacloprid @ 10ml+2ml/L water (5.4), T6 Neem oil+Bt (6.3) and T3 Imidacloprid @ 2ml/L water (7.5). The mean number of exit hole/plant was recorded to be lowest with T7 having Karanj oil+Imidacloprid treatment (0.6) followed by T5 Neem oil+Imidacloprid treatment (1.5). The treatment Karanj oil+Imidacloprid was found effective in reducing dead heart, showing minimum plant infestation, stem tunneling and exit holes. The maximum yield was recorded in Karanj oil +Imidacloprid (39.5 q/ha) closely followed by Neem oil +Imidacloprid (37.5q/ha). The highest cost benefit ratio was recorded in the combination of Karanj oil+Imidacloprid @ 10ml+2ml/L water followed by Neem oil+Imidacloprid @ 10ml+2ml/L water.
