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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
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ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON THE MARKET POTENTIAL OF HYBRID SUMMER VEGETABLE SEEDS OF VNR SEEDS PVT. LTD. IN RANCHI DISTRICT(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2022) Sneha Dodray; Dr. Md. Naiyar AliSeed is the most fundamental and important component for agriculture. Quality seed functions as a catalyst for all other inputs, such as fertilizers, irrigation, and pesticides, to reach their full potential. To a considerable part, the response of all inputs is determined by the quality of seeds. The present study “A study on the market potential of hybrid summer vegetable seeds of VNR seeds Pvt. Ltd. in Ranchi district” was carried out in the Kanke, Nagri, Burmu, Itki, Bero Block of Ranchi district to see the awareness and use of hybrid seeds in the selected area. With the different objectives, to study the preferences of hybrid vegetable seeds among the farmers, to assess the market share of the hybrid summer vegetable seeds in the district, the marketing strategy used by the seed companies with reference to VNR seeds Pvt. Ltd. for selling hybrid vegetable seeds in the district. Lastly to identify the problem and prospects of marketing by retailers and adoption by the farmers of hybrid vegetable seeds in the district. Farmers were randomly selected for the study forming a sample size of 50. Most of the farmers use hybrid vegetable seeds in their fields. Retailers were the major source of the purchase of hybrid vegetable seeds. Farmers are happy with the outcome of using hybrid seeds. Few of the farmers are still unaware about the benefits of using hybrid seeds which should be looked upon by both government, seed companies and other organizations in the field.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON CREDIT REQUIREMENT OF FARMERS IN LALGANJ BLOCK UNDER VAISHALI DISTRICT OF BIHAR(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2022) Ankita Kumari; B.K. JhaAgriculture with its allied sectors is the largest sources of livelihoods in India. Over 50 per cent of its rural livelihoods still depend primarily on agriculture for their livelihoods, with 82 per cent of the farmers being small and marginal. Indian agriculture and allied sector broadly covers four activities, viz. Crop, livestock, forestry, and fisheries. To stimulate the productivity of these activities, the government of India has from time to time given policy thrusts which led to various agricultural revolutions. Collecting ideas and suggestions from the literature and relevant respondents, a study was planned on the topic “Studies on credit requirement of the farmers in Lalganj block under Vaishali district of Bihar with the specific objectives namely; to estimate the production, productivity and income of the respondents and to assess the credit requirement of the respondents. Lalganj block of Vaishali district of was purposively selected where APMAS was undertaking promotional activities. Fifteen farmers each from Madhusudan pakri, Manikpur pakri, Etwarpur sisaula and Laxminarayanpur were selected randomly, thereby, the sample constituted 60 respondents. Variables for the study included age, education, family type, family size, size of holding, occupation, income, credit sources, repayment period, which were measured with tests and indices developed. Production, productivity and income of the respondents were also calculated on the basis of the data provided by them. The findings indicated the dominance of middle aged (67 per cent) small farmers (33 per cent), educated up to high school (35 per cent), respondents with nuclear family (78 per cent), having mobile phones (61 per cent), having pucca houses (46 per cent). and annual income above one lakh (48 per cent). Farmers faced so many constraints in availing credit from institutional as well as non institutional sources because of the complex documentation process, higher interest rates, non availability on time and disbursement of inadequate amount.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF TRAINING PROGRAMME ORGANISED FOR AKMs (Aajeevika Krishak Mitras) UNDER JOHAR PROJECT OF JSLPS IN WEST SINGHBHUM DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2022) Saroj Kumar Gouda; Niraj KumarThe knowledge of the members of AKMs belonging to west singhbhum was assessed about the different management practices involved in farming like field preparation, seed rate, disease management, etc. As a result, the following conclusion was made: • The majority of the AKMs were middle aged (36-50 years); 38 percent of the AKMs were studied up to matriculation. So, the sample of AKMs might have better knowledge on crops. • Altogether the educational level of literate farmers was in descending order were primary school 48 percent, matriculation 38 percent, intermediate 12 percent, and graduation above 2 percent. • The majority of the AKMs had good knowledge of land preparation and the number of ploughings in the field before sowing. • This study concluded that AKMs of the Hatgamharia block had more knowledge in crop planning than other AKMs, whereas in the Jhinkpani block, the program was running successfully. • The majority of the AKMs, 96 percent, were unaware of seedlings preparation in polyhouse. • Most of the AKMs were unfamiliar with fertilizer management in plants. • Most of the 37 AKMs acquired their compost from their own land, while 6 AKMs depended on neighbours and 7 AKMs depended on the local market. • The vast majority of 96 percent of AKMs have used flood irrigation and are acquainted with irrigation time intervals in the field. • Most AKMs had less knowledge of disease management and insect pest control, and they did not know the proper treatment for the disease and pests, nor did they use the sticky trap in their field. • 72 percent of AKMs managed their weed manually. • The majority of the AKMs were not practising sorting, grading, and packaging vegetables. • AKMs have relatively less skills in seed treatment.ThesisItem Open Access STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY VNR SEEDS FOR PROMOTION OF HYBRID PADDY IN BALRAMPUR DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2022) Ravi Ranjan; Niraj Kumared to farmers. Major findings were that the farmers’ acceptance of hybrid seeds in different regions of Balrampur district of Chhattisgarh shows a positive indication of growth of the seed industry. Therefore, seed companies are looking in the state to open new markets to increase their share in seed sales. With enhanced productivity, hybrid paddy technology will enable farmers to get more yield from less land, it means crop diversification develop the new hybrid seeds and better quality of product in coastal area and shallow low lands. This technology will play a major role in significantly enhancing productivity of paddy in the country considering the greater scope of hybrid paddy marketing. Many private companies are looking forward to enter in this market with powerful marketing strategies. The major seed companies working in Chhattisgarh state are VNR SEEDS PVT. LTD., Syngenta, Pan seeds, Advanta, pioneer, Bayer, Dhanya, JK seeds. The study is confined to strategies adopted by VNR seeds for promotion of hybrid paddy in Chhattisgarh with the objectives to study on socio- economics profile of hybrid paddy growing and to evaluate the brand awareness and farmer preference and to study promotional strategies of VNR hybrid paddy seeds. Two blocks of Balrampur district namely Kusmi and Shankargarh were selected purposively as VNR seeds operate in the selected districts of Chhattisgarh and total respondents taken were 200. Altogether ten retailers were selected from farmer portal. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics mainly frequency and percentage and presented as tables, bar chats and pie-chats.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON MARKETING OF DRY LEAVES OF STEVIA [Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni] IN BOKARO DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2022) SHAHNAZ PERWEEN; Pragyan KumariStevia rebaudiana Bertoni has been in use worldwide since ancient times, it is medicinally important plant native to Brazil and Paraguay. In India major Stevia growing states are Maharashtra, Punjab, Karnataka, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Uttarakhand, J & K, Himachal Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. A Study on Marketing of Dry Leaves of Stevia in Bokaro district of Jharkhand, during 2022-2023 was done under the Department of Centre for Agribusiness Management in Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand with objectives 1: To study the socio-economic profile of respondents in study area, 2: To identify different cost occurred / involved in purchasing to packaging of dry leaves stevia, 3: To analyze marketing cost, market margin, marketing efficiency, 4: To find out the constraints in marketing & adoption of stevia leaves. Study was conducted through JIVANBODH-AGROTECH in Bokaro, Jharkhand with the vision of enabling and empowering for the poor to access better livelihoods and to improve their standards of living and work towards social and economical empowerment for rural people specially for women’s. It has done agreement of 5 years for doing contract farming in 38.5 acre of lands with Krishna variety in Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh. The climatic condition and soil pH of Jharkhand is not found suitable for Stevia cultivation. The productivity of Stevia fresh leaves in Dhar district is 6-7 ton from 38.5-acre land per year. Four blocks from Bokaro district were selected and from each block, 3 villages were selected and 10 respondents from each village and 1 dealer were selected. The results obtained through survey and analysis indicated that 54 percent of the total respondents were living in a nuclear family and rest as joint family. Almost 79 percent respondents were literate and 21 percent were illiterate. Marginal farmers 52 percent followed by small famers 32 percent. Annual income comprises of 41 percent respondents with above 3 lakhs followed by 28 percent with 2-3 lakhs, 25 percent with 1-2 lakhs and rest 6 percent below 1 lakh income. Respondents involved in agriculture were 67 percent followed by other sectors 33 percent. Awareness regarding Stevia was 75 percent among respondents and basically source of information was kisan mela 12.5 percent followed by demonstration 10 percent. It had been observed that 42 percent respondents were having average knowledge about dry leaves Stevia and 21 percent with less knowledge. As resulted about 48 percent respondents said Stevia affordable as compare to other sugar free products and 42 percent respondents were satisfied with the demonstration given by the company and shows 34 percent just satisfaction level followed by 33 percent satisfied level, 24 percent highly satisfied with the Stevia leaves. Main reason for not adopting Stevia leaves were 20.83 percent fear of failure because people want quick result after its use. Total income generated from dry leaves Stevia was Rs. 79,200 from 50 Kg, total marketing cost paid was Rs. 51,350 and profit incurred was Rs. 27,850. Sales record by company was high during Covid period i.e., Rs. 19,80,000 in year 2021. Hence, market linkage and promotion of Stevia for specific demand with high efficiency needs to be addressed, companies should try to popularize their products through promotions and advertisement, with suitable modifications and intervention it could be out scaled for larger benefit of the society.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON PRODUCTIVITY STATUS OF CROPS UNDER MICRO DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM IN RANCHI DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2020) Neha Kumari; Supriya SinghA study on productivity status of crops under Micro Drip Irrigation in Ranchi district of Jharkhand was conducted in two blocks of Ranchi namely, Kanke and Ratu to know about the productivity status of crops, to analyse the problems faced by farmer in MDI system and the measures to improve the productivity of crops under MDI system. The study was carried out under JHIMDI (Jharkhand Horticulture Intensification by Micro-Drip Irrigation project) funded by JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) and run by JSLPS (Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society. Kanke and Ratu blocks of Ranchi district were selected purposively for study and collection of primary data like name, place, vegetables grown, market reach of the farmers etc. Thus, altogether 200 farmers were taken under study for data collection and analysis from each block who were involved in vegetable cultivation using Micro-Drip Irrigation (MDI) technique (considering the land holding to be 25 decimal on Micro drip irrigation system for each farmer). Based on the survey results, it was found that 74% of the respondents were literate, annual income of 51% of the farmers ranged between Rs. 30,000-50,000/-, 67% belonged to nuclear family, cost of production among 60% of the respondents ranged between Rs. 5,000 - 10,000/, 72% of the respondents were having vegetables spoilage due to insect pest attack. The study also revealed that during the season, post harvest losses in tomato which is about 59%. It was concluded that cucumber and tomato was considered most profitable vegetables in MDI. Furthermore, proper training and information related to insect pest attack should be provided to the farmers, and also special attention needs to be given on the marketing, which help them in getting better price for their produce and thus the farmer and farming of the state be benefited.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY OF ORGANIZED MARKETING OF FISH IN EAST SINGHBHUM OF JHARKHAND(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2021) Adarsh Toppo; Parwaiz AlamThe study entitled “The study of organized marketing of fish in East Singhbhum of Jharkhand” was conducted in the two higher secondary markets in Sakchi and Bistupur of East Singhbhum district with the specific objectives viz. to study the organized marketing of fish, to study the consumer behaviour of residents of different blocks of East Singhbhum and to study the strategy of government supporting fish marketing in the district of East Singhbhum. Five wholesalers from each wholesale market and 5 consumers from each 10 blocks of the district were surveyed for the study. The information like the average weekly purchase and sales of fresh and frozen fishes, area of sales, marketing infrastructure available, quantity of fish purchased at a time, frequency of purchase and factors influencing their purchase decision were collected. The findings revealed that wholesalers of Sakchi and Bistupur fish market imported 77.3% fish from outside the state of the total fish purchased. Andhra Pradesh was the major supplier (88%) of frozen fish and West Bengal was the largest supplier of fresh fishes. The local procurement was only 22.7%. Wholesale fish markets in East Singhbhum district are not organized and lack basic infrastructure like storage and packaging facilities. It was also observed that majority of the consumers (48%) of the East Singhbhum district bought up to 1 kilogram of fish at a time and 38% of the consumers used to buy fish twice a week. Consumers were price sensitive and preferred fresh fish over frozen ones. The Fish Domestic Market Scheme, implemented by the Government of Jharkhand had proved beneficial for the retailers, but did not benefit the wholesalers of the district. The components like the stall, cutting equipments, kiyosk, auto rickshaw and e-rickshaw were distributed among the retailers. Based on the findings, it could be concluded that there is a tremendous scope of local fish production, and with required government support Jharkhand could see blooming blue revolution.ThesisItem Open Access PROJECT REPORT ON STUDY ON FACTORS AFFECTING THE MARKETING OF VEGETABLES GROWN UNDER MICRO-DRIP IRRIGATION IN RANCHI DISTRICT(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2021) Puja Singh; Arvind Kumar SinghA study on factors affecting the marketing of vegetables grown under micro-drip irrigation in Ranchi district of Jharkhand under two blocks namely Kanke and Ratu was undertaken with objectives of identifying the factors affecting the marketing of vegetables, suggesting measures for improvement in marketing of vegetables grown under micro-drip irrigation system and to find the best suited vegetable crops for cultivation under microdrip irrigation system in Ranchi district. Marketing of vegetables is challenging because of the perishability, seasonality, bulkiness and consumption habits of the Indian consumers. The study makes an attempt to examine the functionality of JHIMDI (Jharkhand Horticulture Intensification by Micro-Drip Irrigation project) funded by JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) and run by JSLPS (Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society) with main objective of identification of problems that are faced by the farmers (i.e., the vegetable growers subsidized under the JHIMDI project) in marketing of their produces along with suggesting the relevant solutions to the problems identified in Ranchi district of Jharkhand. Kanke and Ratu blocks of Ranchi district were selected purposively for study and collection of primary data like name, place, vegetables grown, market reach of the farmers etc. Thus, altogether 200 farmers were taken under study for data collection and analysis from each block who were involved in vegetable cultivation using Micro-Drip Irrigation (MDI) technique (considering the land holding to be 25 decimal on Micro drip irrigation system for each farmer). It was found that a number of vegetable crops are being cultivated by the farmers on the fields having MDI set up. Production is reported to be much more in the farming using MDI technique than the conventional farming by the farmers. Almost all the respondents were found to be satisfied with doing farming involving MDI technique. As per the study, the most suited crop for cultivation with MDI system in Ranchi district was found to be Cucumber followed by Bean and Bottle Gourd. Major problem in the marketing of vegetables was found to be related to transportation, post-harvest management of the vegetables and exploitation of farmers in the whole process by different existing intermediaries and traders in the system. To overcome the prevailing problems, private cooperatives or similar self-managed bodies should be made to reduce the transportation problems of the farmers by creating a medium through which they can directly sell their vegetables from their farm to the big businesses and proper storage facilities should be provided to the farmers. Overall experience in farming involving MDI was found to be very satisfactory as well as reliable and farmers are happy utilizing the technique for earning their livelihoods.ThesisItem Open Access EXPORT STATUS AND PREDICTION OF VEGETABLE PEAS AND POTATO IN INDIA(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2022) Archana Prity Khess; H.C. LalA study on export status of vegetable peas and potato was carried out under Centre for Agribusiness Management, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand with the following objectives: 1. To study the export status of potato and peas. 2. To predict the export status of potato and peas. India produces nearly 11 percent of the world’s vegetable, respectively. It ranks second in vegetable production in the world, after China. There is an overall increase in the demand of vegetables for consumption. Also, there is a wide diversification in production pattern globally. In spite of being one of the largest producers of vegetables in the world, the export of India is very low. India export vegetables to many countries of the world. Vegetables have a strong export potential in India provided the domestic market becomes more stable in production of standard and quality products. The data was collected from the secondary source NHB (National Horticulture Board), APEDA (Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority). Area, production and productivity of peas and potato of India and Jharkhand was collected from NHB. Prediction of peas and potato was analyzed by Markov chain method and Regression model. The prediction of data of vegetable peas and potato was compared by Markov chain and Regression model and it was found that Markov chain model was more suitable than Regression model for further forecasting.
