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Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Ayodhya

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2012 - 201927
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End date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Article ×
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Induction of seed dormancy by foliar spray of growth inhibitors in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2019) Singh, Shraddha
    A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season, 2017-2018 at the experimental field of Department of Crop Physiology, ANDUA&T, Ayodhya to study the effect of foliar spray of growth inhibitors by different concentration viz. Maleic Hydrazide (500ppm and 1000ppm) and Cycocel (500ppm and 1000ppm) along with untreated control to induce dormancy in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design comprising nine treatments at two stages (viz. flowering stage and anthesis stage) in three replications. Observations had been studied in vivo on germination percentage, viability test and biochemical parameters viz. chlorophyll, starch, protein and α-amylase activity. Among all the concentrations, maximum chlorophyll content was recorded in MH@1000ppm was followed by cycocel@500ppm before anthesis stage, maximum protein and starch content was found in cycocel@500ppm before flowering stage but maximum inhibition of germination percentage and α-amylase activity was observed with cycocel@1000ppm before anthesis stage but cycocel @ 500ppm was found most appropriate before anthesis stage which was very much effective for safe induction of seed dormancy in rice because of its minimum viability loss. Loss in viability may be due to some toxic effect caused by high concentration of cycocel.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Impact of excess application of growth inhibitor for initiation of seed dormancy in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2019) Singh, Shraddha
    A field experiment to induce dormancy in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was conducted during Kharif season, 2017-2018 at the experimental field of Department of Crop Physiology, ANDUA&T, Ayodhya to study the effect of foliar feeding with growth inhibitors by different concentration viz. Maleic Hydrazide (500ppm and 1000ppm) and Cycocel (500ppm and 1000ppm) along with untreated control. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design comprising nine treatments at two stages (viz. flowering stage and anthesis stage) in three replications. Observations had been studied in vivo on germination percentage, viability test. Yield characters i.e., number of tillers per plant, ear bearing tillers per plant and biomass per plant, number of seeds per panicle, grain yield per plant and harvest index. Among all the concentrations, maximum number of tillers per plant, ear bearing tillers per plant and number of seeds per panicle was recorded in MH@1000ppm, grain yield per plant and biomass per plant MH@500ppm, harvest index was found maximum in cycocel @500ppm followed by MH@1000ppm where as maximum inhibition of germination was observed with cycocel@1000ppm followed by MH @1000ppm and cycocel @500ppm but cycocel @ 500ppm was found most appropriate and was very much effective for safe induction of seed dormancy in rice because of its minimum viability loss. Loss in viability was may be due to some toxic effect caused by high concentration of MH and cycocel.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    HETEROSIS BREEDING IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) FOR QUANTITATIVE TRAITS
    (Plant Archives, 2019) Singh, N.K.
    The magnitude as well as direction of heterosis over better parent and standard variety differed from character to character depending upon cross combinations. The manifestation of heterosis for grain yield plant-1 is evident by significant superiority of hybrids over better parent ranging from -54.69 to 139.43 per cent and over standard variety ranging from 60.35 to 22.64 per cent. In general, the crosses which displayed superiority over better parent and standard variety for grain yield also exhibited significant heterosis for some yield contributing traits. Besides, exhibiting exploitable level of hybrid vigour for yield, most of these hybrids except few also showed heterosis for earliness closer to the standard variety. Therefore, these hybrids are useful as they produced more yield day-1 in comparison to standard variety and may fit well in multiple cropping systems. Most of the hybrids possessed higher number of seed set than pollen parent and standard variety but percentage was low due to hybrid sterility as one of the parent used as CMS line. So far heterosis over standard variety was concerned, 50% hybrids showed significant superiority for harvest index, ear bearing tillers plant-1, 1000 grain weight, biological yield whereas only 40% hybrids were observed better for days to 50% flowering and days to maturity
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    ESTIMATES OF GENETIC PARAMETERS, COMPONENTS OF VARIANCE AND THEIR MAGNITUDE IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)
    (Plant Archives, 2019) Singh, N.K.
    The relative contribution of males x females was higher than that of males and females for the expression of all the characters except total number of spikelets and number of fertile spikelets. Males exhibited maximum contribution for ear bearing tillers plant-1. In general, phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all the characters. Phenotypic and genotypic variations were lower for days to 50% flowering, plant height, days to maturity, ear bearing tillers plant-1 and total number of spikelets plant-1, indicating little opportunity of selection for these characters. Other characters showed more variation among phenotypic and genotypic values. Heritability in narrow sense (h2n) ranged from 5.18 for days to maturity to 20.27 for ear bearing tillers plant-1. Highest h2n estimate was recorded for ear bearing tillers plant-1. Moderate h2n estimates were observed for remaining traits except days to 50% flowering, biological yield, harvest index, plant height and days to maturity which, were of lesser order. Estimates of h2b were recorded high for all the characters except days to maturity.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Study of line x tester analysis, combining ability and per se performance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018) Singh, N.K.
    The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed significant differences due to lines and testers for all the characters indicating wide genetic diversity among lines and testers. The lines x testers’ interaction components also emerged significant for all the twelve traits which indicated that combining ability contributed more in the expression of these traits. Among the CMS lines, IR 58025A having ‘WA’ type of cytoplasm was found to be good general combiner for grain yield and its major components. The line, NDMS 4A was poor general combiner for grain yield and most of the components but showed better ability to combine for plant height and panicle length. Among restorer lines, CR 792-B4-2-1R was found good general combiner for grain yield and biological yield. Other good combiner was TTB 517-17-SBIR-70149-35R noticed for total number of spikelets panicle-1, number of fertile spikelets panicle-1 and number of sterile spikelets panicle-1. The higher magnitude of sca than gca variances and greater value of average degree of dominance and lower predictability ratio were observed for all the twelve characters except days to maturity, suggesting significant role of non-additive gene action for these traits which results from dominance /epistasis and various other interaction effects that are non-fixable.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Effect of Drought Stress on Crop Plants with Special Reference to Drought Avoidance and Tolerance Mechanisms: A Review
    (International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2018) Deka, Diganta
    The changes in the climate due to global warming and ever dwindling arable land due to the population pressure are increasing strain on available resources for sustainable food production. Therefore, it is an urgent need to have proper idea about the effect of drought stress on crop plants for getting stable production through research intervention. Water deficit due to drought stress influences a wide range of plant processes, from whole plant growth and development to the molecular regulation of essential transcriptional pathways, and thus significantly impacts both physiology and metabolism. The studies about the changes in behavior of crop plants under drought condition have progressed at a rapid pace and extensive results of such analysis have been made public through various research articles, which can now be easily accessed through the World Wide Web. This review describes some aspects of drought induced effect of drought stress on different important traits of crop plants.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Biochemical Assimilates Accumulation and Remobilization at Reproduction Stage Drought Stress in Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Environment & Ecology, 2016) Singh, Alok Kumar
    A very week correlation obtained between leaf rolling score and yield, shoot soluble sugar and RWC, respectively. Leaf depth ; score in well correlated with leaf soluble sugar. Plant height is often considered as a factor in plant response to drought stress. Rice accumulates significant amount of carbohydrate before and wide variability exists among genotypes. Improved variety like NDR-97, Vandana and DH line have higher content of total soluble sugar at flowering than do low yielding traditional cultivar like Azucena and Saita correlation study revealed strong positive relationship between grain yield in stress and shoot soluble sugar. Assimilate accumulated prior to flowering are of paramount importance when plant experience drought at later stage. We hypothesized that grain yields of rice crops drought stressed at flowering, directly related to reserve food materials and the ability of the plant to translocate those assimilate.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Determine Physiological Traits Associated with Flowering Stage Drought Tolerance in Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes
    (International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2017) Singh, A. K.
    Drought stress significantly reduced the RWC and LWP of the rice plant. Moreover, Azucena (DT check), NDR-359, NDR-97, DSU-18-6, Vandana, TN-1 and Moroberekan showed less depression. Result revealed that capacity to maintain high LWP is promising traits for selection to improve tolerance against flowering stage drought tolerance. Grain yield under water deficit at the flowering stage is negatively correlated with spikelet sterility and later associated with genotypic variation in maintenance of LWP. Correlation studies between RWC and per cent grain sterility and LWP vs. per cent sterility indicated that maintenance of RWC is necessary but not significant to ensure good yield. These result suggested that other feature are at least as important as RWC in determining response to flowering stage drought tolerance. Grain yield is well correlated with RL and RWD but strong regression coefficient was obtained between root length and RWC. This result indicated that root length did not contribute directly grain yield under drought at flowering stage. But, it indirectly helps to maintained higher plant water status. Assimilate accumulate prior to flowering are of permanent importance when plant experience drought stress at flowering stage. Present study indicated that translocation of soluble sugar for grain growth is supported by ACR and ATR was higher in stress. Grain yield was significantly correlated with ACR and ATR.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    GENETIC EVALUATION AND SELECTION CRITERIA OF UPLAND RICE (Oryza sativa L.) FOR PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS UNDER REPRODUCTIVE STAGE DROUGHT STRESS
    (International Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 2017) Singh, A.K.
    The present investigation, attempt has been made to combine different type of germplasm in order to identifying the physiological basis of genetic variation in drought tolerance. The High estimates of PCV and GCV were observed for sterile grains per panicle, root dry weight, root volume, root length and fertile grains per panicle under both the conditions High estimates of heritability and genetic advance were recorded for water potential, fertile grains panicle-1, sterile grains panicle-1, straw yield, total biomass at flowering, total biomass at maturity, ACR, root length, root volume and grain yield under both the conditions. Thus, selection practiced for these characters in plant materials under study may be expected to be highly fruitful for isolating high yielding genotypes for irrigated/drought environments. The other traits would be unreliable indices for improvement through selection due to existence of low to moderate transmissibility along with low variability. None of the morpho-physiological traits appeared as strong associates of grain yield in irrigated control condition, whereas four traits, namely, straw yield, panicle length, total biomass at maturity and total biomass at flowering were found to be strong associates of grain yield in water stress condition. In over all consideration, soluble sugar upper root and starch at re-watering in control condition and starch in leaf, starch at re-watering and chlorophyll a in stress condition emerged as most important direct yield components owing to their high order positive direct effects at phenotypic as well as genotypic level.