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Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Ayodhya

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2020 - 202122
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Subject: Plant Pathology × Start date: 2017 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Survey and management of black scurf disease in potato
    (2021-07-10) Singh, Aditya Pratap; Singh, S.K.
    Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), is an important vegetable crop grown throughout India and it play very important role in the supply of the nutrients to the under nourished vegetarian population of the country. Black scurf and stem canker diseases of potato is caused by the Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is one of the wide spread and destructive diseases in world. For minimizing the losses caused by black scurf need inexpensive and environmentally safe management practices. The present investigation regarding to studies on Survey and management of Black scurf disease of Potato was carried out during Rabi season 2020-21 at laboratory of department of Plant Pathology and field experiments were conducted at the Student’s Instructional Farm, Acharya Narendra Dev University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (UP) India. Black scurf disease was prevalent at all the surveyed five districts of Uttar Pradesh. Average disease incidence was 16.33 per cent and 10.53 per cent disease severity were recorded. Twelve germplasm were screened against black scurf disease. Among them C-28 was found Immune (no symptoms), C-48 was resistant, 8 germplasm were found moderately resistant, Kufri Ashok was moderately susceptible, none of genotypes was found Susceptible and Kufri Pukhraj was found highly susceptible. For the management of black scurf of potato, seven various combination practices such as mulching (neem leaf), addition of mushroom spent (organic amendment) in soil, bio-control agent (e.g. Trichoderma harzianum) mixed in soil and tuber treatment at the sowing time, tuber treatment and foliar application of fungicides viz. Carbendazim, Boric acid and tuber treatment with Thifluzamide 15%+ Difenoconazole 20% were evaluated in field conditions. The results clearly indicated that all treatment more or less reduced the black scurf disease incidence, disease severity and increase the germination, plant height, BSDI and yield of the potato. The black scurf disease incidence varies between 4.45 to 13.55 per cent. Among all treatments, lowest (4.45%) disease incidence was recorded in tuber treatment with boric acid 3% + Carbendazim 1% which was found most effective in managing the black scurf disease.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on antimicrobial effect of botanicals on leaf blight caused by Alternaria brassicae sacc on Indian mustard
    (ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2021-07) Shukla, Anuj Kumar; Rahul, Dr. S. N.
    The present study was conducted in Mustard growing areas of Utter Pradesh, Ayodhya. The experiment was conducted at ANDU&T Kumarganj Ayodhya at student instructional form (SIF) and Plant Pathology laboratory in the year 2019-2020. The fungus was isolated from infected leaf of mustard plant and morphological study was done find that the fungus was Alternaria brassicae on PDA medium and identified was based on morphological character as colonies appeared greenish black to fluffy mycelial growth. Nine treatment like-T1 (Trichoderma harzianum @ 2%), T2 (Neem oil @ 5%), T3 (Allium cepa @ 5%), T4 (Ginger rhizome extract @ 5%), T5 (Garlic bulb extract@ 5%), T6 (Ocimum sactum extract @ 5%), T7 (Neem leaf extract @ 5%), T8 (Carbendazim @ 0.1%), T9 (water spray). The observation was recorded at 65, 75, 85 DAS. The best result found in observation growth parameters like Number of leaves/Plants T8 (19.73, 20.20, 25.00), T2 (17.47, 17.93, 21.13), Number of branches/plants T8 (6.93, 7.07, 7.17), T2 (6.53, 6.80, 7.03), Plant height (cm) T8 (55.60, 58.80, 79.53), T2(54.80, 56.00, 75.73), Number of pods/plants T8 (197.47, 191.40, 247.20), T2 (181.50, 179.47, 216.27). After harvesting yield parameters was recorded 1000 seed weight (gm) T8 (4.50 g), T2 (4.33 g) Yield per plant (g) Yield q/ha T8 (5.60 g)(8.97 q) T2 (4.83 g)(8.17 q). The disease incidence observation were recorded and best result was found in Per cent Disease intensity T8 (22.33, 31.73, 41.93), T1 (22.80, 32.53, 41.93), Per cent leaf infection T8 (10.33, 19.87, 32.07), T1 (22.17, 26.00, 38.47), Per cent leaf area disease (LAD) T8 (1.67,3.00,5.67) T1 (3.00,4.00,8.00), Per cent pod infection T8 (0.83,20.23,25.17), T1(1.33, 21.00, 25.50), Number of spot/pod (0.10, 0.67, 0.97), T1(0.10, 0.70, 1.17), Per cent seed infection T8 (13.37), T1 (13.67). In growth and yield parameters chemical (T8) and among the botanicals T2 (Neem oil) best result found followed by all botanicals. And in disease incidence parameters T8 (Carbendazim) and among the all botanicals and bio agent T1 (Trichoderma harzianum) found best result followed by other treatments.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies of the Variabilities in Alternaria Alternata causing leaf spot of Ber(Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.)
    (ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2021-08-04) Kumar, Deepak; Singh, Dr. H.K.
    The Indian jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) is one of the most important fruit trees, widely planted in tropics, subtropics regions and Mediterranean regions. India is considered the origin of ber. The fruit is Rhamnaceae, which is generally considered the fruit of the poor. Ber is a good source of carbohydrates, essential minerals, ascorbic acid, iron, calcium, and phosphorus etc. Ber are attacked by many pests and pathogens. Many fungal diseases are also present such as powdery mildew (Oidium erysiphoides f.sp. zizyphi), rust (Phakospora zizyphus vulgaris), leaf spot (Alternaria alternata, Cercospora zizyphi, Cladosporium zizyphi, Phoma macrostoma, Isariopsis indica var. Zizyphi), etc. Due to the Alternaria Alternata fungus, it causes maximum damage to plants. As a result of this disease large parts of the blade are burnt and in such cases the leaflets often wilt and drop and cause severe yield loss. This study was conducted in the ber growing area of Uttar Pradesh, Ayodhya. The experiment carried out at ANDUAT, Kumarganj Main Experiment Station of Horticulture (MES)and plant pathology laboratory in 2019-2021. This fungus was isolated from infected leaves of ber plants and isolation, purification and identification of pathogen was performed. Morphological and cultural study was performed by Poison food technique to find that the fungus was Alternaria alternata with branching mycelium. And septate with light brown to blackish conidiophore in the acropetal sequence. And spores are olive colured, green to dark brown with transverse and longitudinal septa.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Epidemiology and management of alternaria leaf spot of aloevera (Aloe Barbadensis Miller)
    (ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2021-08) Kumar, Rajnish; Mishra, Dr. R.S.
    Aloe barbadensis (L.) is a perennial, drought-resisting, xerophytic plant belonging to the family Liliaceae. The name, Aloe, is derived from the Arabic “Alloeh” or Hebrew “halal” meaning bitter shiny substance. The leaves are 40-60 cm long, erect, broad, thick and fleshy succulent, green in colour, narrowlanceolate in shape with long acuminate tip with small thorns on both edges. The central bulk of the leaf contains colourless mucilaginous pulp, made up of large, thin walled mesophyll cells. The plant contains 95 – 96% water and over 75 other constituents which include vitamins, minerals, enzymes, sugars, phenolic compounds, saponins and amino acids (Boudreau and Beland, 2006). Aloe vera is attacked by many fungi and pest such as Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Nigrospora oryzae, Cladosporium, Stemphylium botryosum and Penicilliumsp. (Shaker et al 2016). The leaf spot illness caused by Alternaria alternata is one amongst the fore most serious plant diseases touching business cultivation of aloe (Rukhsana et al 2019). This illness is marked by dark brown, death spots, circular to oval with grey centers developing on each surface of leaves (Silva and Singh et al 2012). Severely infected plant begins drying far away from the tip leading a big reduction within the yield of leaves up to eightieth.This study was conducted in the Aloevera growing area. It is one of the important medicinal plants in India, cultivated in fairly large area in many in parts of India viz., Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. The experiment carried out in (MAP) at ANDUAT, Kumarganj Ayodhya and plant pathology laboratory in 2020-2021.The Aloe vera leaves showing symptoms of disease were collected aseptically from Medicinal & Aromatic Plant (MAP) Experiment Station of Horticulture farm, ANDUA&T, Kumarganj, Ayodhya and brought to the laboratory for isolation and identification of fungi. Pathogen was isolated from infected leaves and identified as Alternaria alternata on the basis of cultural and morphological character descrived by Booth, (1971), Ellis, (1971), Barnett and Hunter, 1972). Present investigation revealed significant variation in concentration of biomolecules recorded from leaf spot infected Aloevera plants. Total Phenol content was observed 24.6mg/100g dry wt. in Soil application of FYM (1.0kg/m2) enriched with Trichoderma +Pseudomonas talc based formulations each @2.0% at planting time. On the onset of diseased symptom 3 spray of Pseudomonas fluorescence @2.0% of talc based formulation and neem oil @300ppm followed by Soil application of FYM (1.0kg/m2) enriched with Trichoderma +Pseudomonas talc based formulations each @2.0% at planting time. On the onset of diseased symptoms 3 spray of Mancozeb @0.25% with 15 days interval. (18.6mg/100g dry wt.).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Stem gall of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Caused by Protomyces macrosporus Unger
    (ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2021-08-16) Kumar, Sachin; Kumar, Dr. Pradip
    Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an important seed spice grown throughout the world. Among the diseases, stem gall of coriander, incited by the fungus Protomyces macrosporus Unger, is one of the most common, wide spread and serious diseases throughout the world causing 22 per cent yield losses and deteriorates quality of the seeds. Givingof the above facts, an investigation on “Studies on stem gall of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) caused by Protomyces macrosporus Unger”, was conducted at Main Experimental Station Vegetable Science of Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj Ayodhya (U.P.). Out of 202 variety / Germplasm screened against Stem gall of coriander, none of the germplasm/variety wasfound immune or disease free to the disease, 4 germplasm was found resistant, found 41 moderately resistant, 52 moderately susceptible and 103 germplasm found highly susceptible. The highest disease intensity was recorded on 04, February, 2021, when maximum and minimum temperature was 25.5℃ and 9℃, respectively with an average relative humidity was 71,8%. During survey for the severity of the disease,the maximum disease severity was recorded at Ayodhya (26.30 %) followed by Kanpur (22.80 %) and Varanasi (21.26). Whereas, the lowest disease severity noted at Banda (11.55%). Among the 12 fungitoxicantas tested, minimum disease intensity (17.70 %) with highest seed yield (19.24 q/ha) was recorded by spraying with Hexaconazole @ 0.2 %, followed by propiconazole (19.44 %), Kasugamycin (22.66) and Copper oxychloride @ 0.3 % (26.31 %), respectively. However, the maximum disease intensity (36.51 %) and the lowest seed yield (14.25 q/ha) was obtained with onion bulb extract @ 5 %.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Management and varietal screening of alternaria leaf spot of Chilli caused by Alternaria alternata
    (ANDUAT,Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2021-09-03) Pandey, Stuti; Chaudhary, V.P.
    Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is an imperative spices, vegetable as well as commercial crop. Chillies are having high nutritious content and can be used as multipurpose throughout the world for its medicinal value, pungency and aroma. Several biotic and abiotic factors have been identified which limits the chilli production and productivity. This crop is attacked by large number of bacterial, fungal and viral diseases. Among them leaf spot of chilli caused by Alternaria alternata is one of the most destructive diseases in India affecting quality and quantity of chilli crop. The present investigation entitled “Management and varietal screening of Alternaria leaf spot of chilli caused by Alternaria alternata” was conducted in the laboratory Department of Plant Pathology. The field experiment was carried out at Main Experimental station (MES) farm, Acharya Narendra Dev university of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj Ayodhya (U.P) during 2020-21. The present investigations were undertaken with objectives, viz, Isolation, identification, pathogenicity test, screening of chilli germplasm against Alternaria blight in field condition, in vitro evaluation of bio-agents, fungicide and botanicals, and the management of Alternaria blight of chilli.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access