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Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Ayodhya
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ThesisItem Open Access Seasonal abundance of major insect pests and Integrated Pest Management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee(ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2021-07-29) Kumar, Akshay; Chandra, UmeshThe present investigation entitled “Seasonal abundance of major insect pests and Integrated Pest Management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee” has been proposed to be carried out at Students’ instructional Form of A.N.D.U.A. & T., Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.) d Kharif season, 2019 and 2020. The maximum and minimum shoot infestation 31.85 and1.32 per cent was observed during 43rd SW and 35th SW of Kharif season, 2019, respectively. The maximum and minimum shoot infestation 36.84 and 0.80 per cent was recorded during 43rd SW and 35th SW Kharif season, 2020, respectively. The maximum and minimum fruit infestation 34.26 and 2.35 per cent was recorded during 46th SW and 39th SW Kharif season, 2019, respectively. The maximum and minimum fruit infestation 38.24 and 2.12 per cent was observed during 46th SW and 39th SW Kharif 2020 respectively. Spider highest mean population 3.42 spider/plant was noticed at fruiting stage followed by flowering stage (1.73 spider/plant), vegetative stage (1.12 spider/plant) and seedling stage (1.01 spider/plant) respectively, during Kharif 2019 and Kharif 2020. Ladybird beetle highest pooled mean population 4.99 beetles/plant was observed at fruiting stage followed by flowering stage (4.73 beetles/plant), vegetative stage (3.32 beetles/plant and seedling stage (1.75 beetles/plant) respectively, during Kharif 2019 and Kharif 2020.Shoot infestation per cent revealed a highly significant negative correlation with the minimum temperature (r= -0.465 and -0.951), non-significant negative correlation with maximum temperature (r= -0.044 and -0.281), during Kharif 2019 and 2020, non-significant negative correlation with relative humidity (r= -0.147) and (r= -0.139) and rainfall (r= 0.322) and (r= 0.254) showed non-significant with positive correlation during Kharif season, 2019 & Kharif season, 2020. Average duration of L. orbonalis from egg to adult emergence on brinjal during 2019 and 2020 at 30 ºC and 60% RH in case of male was ranged 21-27 and 21-27 days with a mean of 24.15 ±0.828 and 25.70 ± 0.613 days respectively. Average duration of L. orbonalis also showed that the total life cycle during 2019 and 2020 at 30 ºC and 60% RH in case of female was ranged 23-31 and 23-31 days with a mean of 26.68 ±0.914 and 27.77± 0.283 days respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Seasonal incidence of major insect-pests of pigeonpea and management of pigeonpea pod fly, Melanagromyza obtusa Malloch(ANDUAT,Kumaragnaj, ayodhya, 2020-10-19) Yadav, Sachin Kumar; Kumar, PankajThe present investigation entitled “Seasonal incidence of major insect-pests of pigeonpea and management of pigeonpea pod fly Melanagromyza obtusa Malloch” were carried out for two consecutive crop seasons i.e., Kharif, 2018-19 and 2019-20. Maximum larval population of Helicoverpa armigera was observed in 12th (7 .36 larvae / 5 plants) and 11th (9.20 larvae / 5 plants) standard week whereas it was minimum in 47th (0.20 larvae / 5 plants) and 1st (0.12 larvae / 5 plants) standard week, respectively whereas highest population of Exelastis atomosa was observed in 11th and 10th SW and lowest population was observed in 6th & 15th and 4th SW, respectively during both the year. Clavigralla gibbosa population attained the peak during 7th and 8th SW and minimum population was observed during 16th and 2nd & 16th SW and the peak larval population of Lampides boeticus was recorded in 10th SW during both the years. The lowest population was observed in 14th and 15th SW during 2018-19 and 2019-20, respectively. The peak period of occurrence of M. obtusa maggot and pupae was observed in 9th & 12th SW and 11th & 12th SW during both the year, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the incidence of Helicoverpa armigera, Exelastis atomosa, Clavigralla gibbosa, Lampides boeticus and maggot of M. obtusa with abiotic factors showed both positive as well as negative relationships at non significant level during both the years. The correlation coefficients between the pupae of M. obtusa and weather factors had significant positive correlation with minimum temperature (0.621* & 0.716*), maximum temperature (0.588* & 0.516*) and sunshine hour (0.600* & 0.561*) while relative humidity showed significant negative correlation (-0.681* & -0.646*) and rainfall had non significant negative correlation in both the years, respectively. During Kharif, 2018-19 the Torymoides spp. and Ormyrus orientalis spp. was recovered for the first time from the pods collected on second fortnight of February and the level of parasitization was 14.28 per cent. The parasitization increased on first fortnight of March and reached to its maximum level 25.71 per cent. During Kharif, 2019-20, the maximum parasitization on first fortnight of March and reached to its maximum level 25.00 per cent. Out of 30 germplasm of pigeonpea evaluated against Melanagromyza obtuse, only three germplasms viz. ICP 8863A, ICP 6443 and JBT 46-61 were found moderate resistant against pigeonpea pod fly. None of the germplasm fell under highly resistant category during both the years of study. All the treatments were significantly superior over the control when observations on per cent pod damage were taken at 3, 7, 10 and 14 days after treatment. Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 30 g a.i./ha was found best in reducing pod damage caused by Melanagromyza obtuse. Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 11 g a.i./ha was the second best treatment in both the year. The maximum cost benefit ratio of 1:14.56 was obtained from the plots treated with Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 30 g a.i./ha followed by Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @11 g a.i. /ha (1:13.62). The minimum (C:B) ratio of (1: 5.81) was obtained Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 20 g a.i./ha treated plots.ThesisItem Open Access Quantification of insect-pest diversity and management of Earias vittella (Fab.) in okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench(ANDUAT,Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2020-10) Kumar, Suraj; Kumar, PankajThe present investigation entitled “Quantification of insect pest diversity and management of Earias vittella Fab. in okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench” were carried out for two consecutive crop seasons i.e., kharif 2018 and 2019. A total of 19 insect pest species were recorded during the entire crop season. Among them six species were major and thirteen of minor importance. Two species of ladybird beetle, two species of spider and egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis was recorded as natural enemies of different okra pest. E. vittella caused dropping, drying and withering of tender shoots at vegetative stage. Maximum shoot damage of 23.20 per cent was recorded in untreated control. The natural enemies viz, ladybird beetle, predatory spider and egg parasitoid of Earias vitella observed predating upon different insect pest infesting okra crop. Correlation of major insect-pest and natural enemies with weather parameters were worked out and it is revealed that minimum temperature had positive significant correlation (r= 0.757** and 0.835**) during both the years with per cent shoot damage. Maximum temperature showed non-significant negative correlation during 2018 and significantly positive correlation during 2019 and correlation values in respective years were r= -0.138 and 0.810**, respectively. Correlation with minimum temperature and Coccinella septempunctata showed positive significant correlation (r= 0.196 and 0.329) during both the years. Out of 30 germplasm of okra evaluated against E. vittella, none was found immune from damage of E. vittella. However, damage level varied from 9.00 to 33.07 per cent in case of shoot damage and 12.52 to 36.55 per cent in case of fruit damage. Lowest shoot damage was found in HRB-55 (9.00 %) followed by EMS-8-1 (13.65%) whereas Pusa Sawani showed maximum shoot damage of 33.07% followed by Parbhani Kranti (32.74%) and GS-43 (31.57%). Based on overall mean per cent fruit damage, the damage was varied from 4.81 to 22.42 per cent.ThesisItem Open Access Germplasm screening, population dynamics and evaluation of IPM modules for the management of gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)(ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2020-09-14) Sharma, Sanjeev; Chandra, UmeshThe present investigations entitled “Germplasm screening, population dynamics and evaluation of IPM modules for the management of gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)” revealed that the larval population H. armigera (Hub.) recorded at 50 per cent flowering stage, 50 per cent pod filling stage and mean per cent damage at maturity stage at weekly interval on 10 randomly selected plants starting with 50 per cent flowering stage, 50 per cent pod filling stage and maturity stage ranged 2.90 to 8.30, 3.10 to 9.40 larvae/ 10 plants and 12.97 damage per cent larvae to 37.12 per cent during Rabi, 2017-18 and 3.33 to 8.00, 3.80 to 10.20 larvae/ 10 plants and 13.25 damage per cent to 36.48 per cent during Rabi, 2018-19 respectively. During Rabi, 2017-18 the results revealed that the out of 50 germplasm screened against H. armigera 38 germplasms with PSR (8-9) were found highly susceptible; only 4 germplasms with PSR (6-7) found moderately susceptible and only 7 germplasms with PSR (3-5) were found least susceptible. None of the germplasm fell under highly resistant category (1-2) PSR. Out of 50 germplasm screened against H. armigera 38 germplasms with PSR (8-9) were found highly susceptible; only 3 germplasms found moderately susceptible and only 8 germplasms with PSR (3- 5) were found least susceptible. None of the germplasm fell under highly resistant category (1-2) PSR during Rabi, 2018-19. Maximum larvae were recorded in the 10th SW and 9th SW with respective larval population of 3.15 & 3.16 during Rabi, 2017-18 and Rabi, 2018-19, respectively and Minimum over all mean larvae recorded in 45th SW were 0.24 & 0.39 larvae/ plant during Rabi, 2017-18 and Rabi, 2018-19. It is evident from data that larval population showed non-significant negative correlation with minimum temperature (-0.050), relative humidity (-0.349) and rainfall (-0.063) while maximum temperature showed non-significant positive correlation (0.088) during Rabi, 2017-18. During 2018-19 the larval population showed non-significant negative correlation with minimum temperature, maximum temperature and rainfall (-0.403), (-0.022) and (-0.060) while relative humidity showed non-significant with positive correlation (0.149).ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Biology and Efficacy of Bio-rational insecticides against shoot and fruit borer,Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee ib BRINJAL(ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2020-10-28) Singh, Roopesh; Chandra, UmeshThe present investigations were carried out during the Rabi 2017-18 and 2018-19 seasons at Student’s Instructional Farm, A. N. D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.). The four major insects viz., Jassid (A. biguttula biguttula), White fly (Bemacia tabaci), Hadda beetle (Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata) and brinjal shoot and fruit borer (L. orbonalis) were recorded. The maximum population of brinjal shoot and fruit borer 5.37 & 4.95 larvae /plant was recorded in 15th SW of 2017-18 & 2018-19 followed by 4.68 & 4.92 larvae/plant of brinjal shoot and fruit borer was recorded in 14th SW of 2017-18 & 2018-19 and minimum population of brinjal shoot and fruit borer 0.31 & 0.35 larvae /plant was recorded in 21st SW of 2017-18 & 2018-19 followed by 20th SW of 2017-18 & 2018-19 larval population of brinjal shoot and fruit borer 0.63 & 0.59 larvae/plant. Among the various insecticides evaluated against brinjal shoot and fruit borer (L. orbonalis), Spinosad 45 SC @ 73g a.i./ha treated plots showed lowest infestation and gave higher fruit yield (253.12) followed by Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (229.33). The boipesticide NSKE 5% most effective followed by Bacillus thuringensis and Beauveria bassiana. The highest cost: benefit ratio was obtained from NSKE 5% (1:24.40) followed by Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (1:24.13) which were also economical than other treatments. On the basis of per cent shoot infestation Spinosad 45 SC was found most effective insecticide with lower infestation followed by Indoxacarb 14.5 SC > NSKE 5% >Chlorfenapyr 1.9 EC >Bacillus thuringensis >Karanj seed extract>Beauveria bassiana >Neem oilcompared to control, all the treatments were found effective and significantly superior over the control. Based on per cent fruit infestation on brinjal, Indoxacarb 14.5 SCwas most effective followed by Spinosad 45 SC>Chlorfenapyr 1.9 EC > NSKE 5% >Bacillus thuringensis >Karanj seed extract>Beauveria bassiana>neem oil, control. Indoxacarbwas found significantly superior to other insecticides. Spinosad and Chlorfenapyr were found next effective insecticides.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on incidence of insect pests in chickpea and biorational management of gram pod borner, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)(ANDUAT, Kumarganj, 2021-01-21) Veer, Ram; Chandra, Umesh“Studies on incidence of insect pests in chickpea and biorational management of gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)” revealed that the larval population of H. armigera were noticed for the first time during 47th & 46th standard week (SW) of Rabi season, 2017-18 & Rabi season, 2018-19. The minimum larval population of H. armigera was 0.26 & 0.33 larvae /plant recorded during 47th SW of Rabi season, 2017-18 & Rabi season, & 2018-19 followed by 0.40 & 0.47 larvae /plant were recorded in 48th of Rabi season, 2017-18 & 46th SW of Rabi season, 2018-19. The maximum larvae were recorded in the 10th SW of Rabi season, 2017-18 & 12th SW of Rabi season, 2018-19 with respective larval population of H. armigera 3.13 & 3.86 / plant followed by 2.93 larvae & 3.54 larvae /plant in 9th SW of Rabi season, 2017-18 & 11th SW of Rabi season, 2018- 19.The incidence of H. armigera showed non-significant positive correlation with minimum temperature (0.166) during Rabi season, 2018-19, maximum temperature (0.087) & (0.030) during Rabi season, 2017-18 & Rabi season, 2018-19 while minimum temperature (-0.008) during 2017-18, relative humidity (-0.330) & (-0.233) and rainfall (-0.085) & (-0.169) showed nonsignificant with negative correlation during Rabi season, 2017-18 & Rabi season, 2018-19.The minimum per cent parasitization 08.10 & 10.86 per cent was recorded during 14th SW of Rabi season, 2017-18 & Rabi season, 2018-19 during this week 37 & 46 larvae were collected from which 03 & 05 parasitoid emerged followed by 03rd SW of Rabi season, 2017-18 & 4th SW of Rabi season, 2018-19, 44 & 47 larvae collected from which 06 & 06 parasitoids emerged resulting in 13.64 & 12.77 per cent parasitization was recorded, respectively.The maximum per cent parasitization of 23.29 & 24.66 per cent was recorded during 10th SW of Rabi season, 2017-18 & 9th SW of Rabi season, 2018-19 as a result of emergence 17 & 18 parasitoids from 73 larvae collected from Students’ Instructional farm followed by 11th SW of Rabi season, 2017-18 & 10th SW of Rabi season, 2018-19, 57 & 68 larvae of H. armigera were collected from which 13 & 15 parasitoids emerged resulting in 22.80 & 22.06 per cent parasitization. During this period total 656 & 707 larvae of H. armigera were collected from which 121 & 124 parasitoids were emerged, resulting in 17.74 & 17.11 per cent mean parasitization during crop period Rabi season, 2017-18 & Rabi season, 2018- 19, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Bio-ecology and ecofriendly management of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (Linn.) in chickpea, Cicer arietinum (L.) under ambient condition(ANDUAT, 2020) Nishad, Ravindra Nath; Singh, R.B.AddThesisItem Open Access Studies on Biology and Development of IPM Module against Rice Yellow Stem Borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Walker) in Eastern U.P.(ANDUAT, 2017) Gautam, Chandra Prakash Narayan; Chandra, UmeshAddThesisItem Open Access Effect Of Feeding Of The Extract Of Mahua Flowers (Bassia Latifolia Roxb.) On The Growth, Strength Of Bee Colony, Biochemical Changes During Larval Development And Honey Production(Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology;Faizabad, 2002) Upadhaya, Sandeep Kumar; Singh, Ramesh Pratap