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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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2012 - 201527
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Subject: Plant Pathology × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2012 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 27
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF ANGULAR LEAF SPOT OF FRENCH BEAN CAUSED BY PHAEOISARIOPSIS GRISEOLA (SACC.) EFRRARIS
    (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 2012) ADIKSHITA; KANSHAL, SANDEEP
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INVESTIGATION ON STONY PIT DISEASE OF PEAR
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) PUSHAP, RAJ; HANDA, ANIL
    ABSTRACT Surveys conducted during 2013 in pear orchards of Kullu, Mandi and Shimla districts of Himachal Pradesh revealed the incidence of stony pit disease ranging from 10 to 65 per cent. Prominent symptoms associated with different cultivars were leaf vein yellowing, chlorotic leaf spots, fruit deformities with formation of pits, corky tissue beneath the pits and misshapen fruits alongwith russeting on the surface of fruits. Serological detection through DAC and DAS-ELISA resulted in the detection of apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) and apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) either alone or in combination in all samples of eight cultivarsmarked during survey. Biological detection of one of the isolate (Red Bartlett) containing infection of ASPV and ACLSV on herbaceous hosts resulted in the production of symptoms on Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Nicotiana glutinosa, N. tabacum and a few other hosts. Biological detection on woody indicators (Quince A, Quince B-29 and Quince C) resulted in the development of typical viral symptoms in all the indicators by double grafting method. Leaf and petal samples drawn during April-May and fruits during August were found suitable for the detection of ASPV and ACLSV in DAS-ELISA. Association of ASPV with viral symptoms in pear was also confirmed by RT-PCR. DAS-ELISA based serological screening resulted in the selection of 16 plants of seven cultivars free from ASPV infection.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DIVERSITY, MULTIPLICATION AND SHELF LIFE ASSESSMENTOF TRICHODERMASPP. ISOLATED FROM RHIZOSPHERIC SOIL OF CARNATION
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) KAUSHAL, SONIA; CHANDEL, SUNITA
    ABSTRACT Carnation is one of the most important cut flowers known in the world. But due to some biotic and abiotic stresses its cultivation has declined gradually. Biotic factors which include some soil borne pathogens such as Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f.sp. dianthi (Prill. and Del.) Snyd. and Hans. and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn are playing key role in decreasing the plant healthas well as the production of quality flowers. Keeping in mind the ill effects by continuous use of chemicals, alternative disease management strategies have been evolved. The biological management of soil borne diseases in recent years is increasingly gaining status as a possible practical and safe approach. In order to use the biological agents in field effectively, their mass production on suitable substrates is essential. Species of Trichoderma are most commonly exploited fungus as a biological control agent and the present study involves the diversity study on morphologically and molecular basis. The multiplication and shelf life assessment of procured and native Trichoderma species were studied on various liquid PDB (Potato Dextrose Broth), MYE (Malt Yeast Extract) and solid substrates such as vermicompost, FYM, cocopeat, wheat straw and rice straw. Three species from procured isolates namely Trichoderma viride (85.9), Trichoderma harzianum (80.3%) and Trichodrema virens(80.04%) showed highest antagonistic activity upto 85.9% against Fusarium and Rhizoctonia pathogens by giving maximum inhibition percentage in mycelia growth under in vitroconditions. However, amongst native isolates T. viride(S1), T. harzianum(SR1) and T. piluliferum (SR4) performed better over the rest of isolates. These potential Trichoderma spp. were further grown on best solid medium (wheat straw alone and solid media supplemented with 3% jaggery and 10% wheat flour at pH 6.5 and 25±1 o C temperature). The highest population count of Trichoderma species was observed in wheat straw with 10% wheat flour at pH 6.5 which was again applied with 5g/kg antioxidant crops after six month of storage and was found that after addition of antioxidant crops shelf life of propagules of Trichoderma species increased to greater extent in soybean, maize and brown rice. Of all the isolates tested, three species ( T. harzianum, T. viride and T.hamatum) and one native isolate T. viride(S1) performed better and can be used in the management of devastating diseases of carnation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON CULTIVATION OF Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quel
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) JOGINDER, PAL; SUMAN, B.C.
    ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Studies on Cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius(Fr.) Quel.” was undertaken to evaluate various agro-based substrate for spawn production, fruit body production and to know the cultural requirements of the test fungus. For spawn production, Jowar grain spawn was found the best substrate, but maximum biological efficiency was recorded by using wheat grain spawn. For fruit body production, best yield was recorded by using 8% spawn dose on wheat straw substrate. Wheat straw and wheat bean (5:1) combination gave good yield when used as a substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius. Good yield and biological efficiency was recorded when wheat straw was supplemented with cotton seed meal (5g/kg of wet weight of straw). Maximum radial growth of the fungus was observed by exposing its culture plates to 18h light and 6h darkness period. In case of various liquid media, Glucose Asparagine solution was found to support maximum mycelial growth of P. pulmonarius.Different solid media were tried for maintaining the pure cultures and Malt Extract Agar and Potato Dextrose Agar were found to support maximum radial growth. Out of eight nitrogen source studied, Potassium Nitrate was found good nitrogen source. Out of seven carbon sources evaluated, Mannitol supported good growth. Among growth regulators, Gibberellic acid supported best mycelial growth of the test fungus. An optimum temperature of 25 0 C and pH 6.0 was found best for better growth of Pleurotus pulmonarius, the test fungus.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF Agaricus bisporus(Lange) Imbach
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2013) VIJAY, KUMAR; SUMAN, B.C.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of various strains of Agaricus bisporus(Lange) Imbach” was carried out during 2011-2013 in department of plant pathology, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). Ten strains of Agaricus bisporus, including control (U3) were undertaken to characterized, maintain, spawn preparation and production efficiency including other aspects like physiological studies and molecular characterization. Different solid and liquid media were tried for maintaining pure culture of these strains. Malt extract agar medium exhibited maximum mycelium growth rate and therefore was used for maintaining of cultures. The yield studies showed that strain DMRA-7 supported highest average yield followed by strains DMRA-37 and DMRA-102 and also exhibited better quality traits as compared to other strains. All the strains including control (U3) were taken for studying their physiological requirement in detail and four strains including control (U3) with higher production were taken up for molecular characterization . RAPD study revealed that primer OPP-3 and OPP-7 yielded maximum number of bands as compared to other primers. Similarity coefficient obtained from RAPD analysis revealed that similarity among all the selected strains ranged between 45 to 76 percent, with an average of 60 percent similarity. Among various liquid media studied glucose asparagines medium supported maximum average mycelia weight and in case of solid medium, malt extract medium supported maximum average colony diameter. The optimum temperature and pH for growth of different strains including control (U3) were found to be 25 o C and 6.5, respectively. Among carbon and nitrogen sources, best growth of different strains includingcontrol (U3) was recorded on maltose and proline, respectively on liquid as well as on solid media. The strain DMRA-7 can be recommended to mushroom grower for commercial cultivation as is shows superior yield as well as better morphological qualities than other including control (U3).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF PHYTOPHTHORA LEAF BLIGHT AND FRUIT ROT OF BELL PEPPER
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2015) SINGH, AWANEESH KUMAR; KANSAL, SANDEEP
    ABSTRACT Phytophthora leaf blight and fruit rot caused by Phytophthora capsiciLeon. is one of the most important disease of bell pepper in mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh. Survey studies conducted in the present investigation revealed that the disease occurred in moderate to severe form in different bell peppergrowing localities of Solan, Shimla and Sirmour districts of Himachal Pradesh. Temperature of 25°C was found optimum for symptom development and the relative humidity 95 percent with 24 h of leaf and fruit wetness period favoured the disease development most under controlled conditions. The epidemiological studies conducted under field conditions revealed that warm and wet conditions coupled with high humidity favoured the rapid Phytophthora blight disease progression. The in vitroevaluation of fungicides indicated Sectin (fenamidone 10% + mancozeb 50% WG) and Ridomil-MZ (metalaxyl 8% + mancozeb 64%) as potent growth inhibitor of Phytophthora capsici while amongst the botanicals, garlic and neem extracts were most promising. Amongst the different fungal antagonists evaluated in vitro conditions, Trichoderma harzianum proved most inhibitory to Phytophthora capsiciwhile testing their antagonistic efficacy through dual culture or through volatile and non-volatile toxicants. The integrated management studies conducted under field conditions revealed that treatment combination T 10 or T 7 i.e. the prophylactic spray either with Sectin @0.2% or Ridomil-MZ @ 0.25% followed byfour periodic spray of copper oxychloride @0.3% applied in combination with soil application of neem cake and Trichoderma harzianum @2.5kg/50kg FYM/ha besides mulching of treatment plots proved most efficacious in limiting the Phytophthora blight disease and enhancing the fruit yield.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE PERPETUATION OF Diplocarpon mali CAUSING PREMATURE LEAF FALL OF APPLE AND ITS MANAGEMENT
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) GOYAL, ANUPAM; SHARMA, J.N.
    ABSTRACT Premature leaf fall is one of the most important diseases of apple particularly in Himachal Pradesh. Present studies were carried out with the objectives to study the mode of survival of Diplocarpon mali in the infected leaf litter, to study the effect of time of leaf fall, cultivar and environment on the perennation of Diplocarpon mali and to devise methods of its management by suppressing the perennating inoculum in the field. Acervuli of Marssonina coronaria were found to occur in all the leaf samples while conidia formation started in or after May ranging from 1.2x10 3 to 5.8x10 3 conidia per ml at all the locations but its ascosporic stage and apothecia were not observed in any of the leaf samples. Leaves collected on September 28, 2013 produced the highest number of conidia (5x10 3 conidia/ml) in the summer and the conidial production started from pea stage of apple bud development and the maximum production of primary inoculum was observed at pre-harvest stage (9.2x10 3 conidia/ml). Maximum number of conidia were caught on the greased slides on 7 th August 2014, when the temperature was 19 0 C with ample rainfall and relative humidity above 85 per cent in the preceding 24 hours. Also, rainfall and relativehumidity were significantly and positively correlated with number of conidia released in the apple orchard, whereas, the maximum temperature showed a negative correlation. Among the test apple cultivars, Golden Delicious produced maximum number of conidia in the overwintered leaf litter followed byRoyal Delicious, Red Gold, Rich-a-Red, Scarlet Gala and Tydeman’s Early Worcester and Granny Smith. Among the antagonists, Pseudomonas fluorescens was found to be the most effective and significantly superior with overall reduction in conidial production of 71.17 per cent followed by Trichoderma viride with 66.02 per cent reduction, Bacillus subtilis (58.73%), T. harzianum (55.29%) and T. hamatum with 50.23 per cent reduction of the primary inoculum. Urea (5%) dip treatment suppressed the conidial production to the extent of 83.42 per cent followed by its lower concentrations. Carbendazim was found to be the most effective and significantly superior among all the fungicidal dip treatments with 76.70 per cent inhibition in production of primary inoculum followed by pyraclostrobin + metiram, mancozeb and copper oxychloride with 65.95, 46.60 and 41.05 per cent inhibition, respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF A Tospovirus INFECTING BELL PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2015) BOHRA, YOGITA; HANDA, ANIL
    ABSTRACT Surveys conducted during the present investigations revealed the presence of ringspot disease in bell pepper growing areas of Solan district of Himachal Pradesh with disease incidence ranging between 5 percent to 51percent during the cropping seasons of 2013 and 2014. The causal virus was characterized on the basis of symptomatology, transmission, host range, serology and molecular studies. Infected bell pepper plants exhibited ringspot symptoms of variable sizes on the leaves which coalesced later on covering the entire leaf lamina and in some cases rings turning necrotic were also observed. Infected bell pepper fruits developed pale yellow, red and green ringspots. Symptomatic plants were collected and sap inoculated to healthy bell pepper plants. Samples from Khaltoo and Pandah yielded strong positive reaction when subjected to DAS-ELISA against Tospo (I, II, III) antisera. Transmission studies revealed that virus isolates were transmissible through sap but not through seed. Studies on indicator hosts established Nicotiana tabaccum var. White Burley and Nicotiana glutinosa to be the best indicator hosts for maintaining virus cultures round the year. Studies on the host range revealed that out of six families tested namely Chenopodiaceae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae, Malvaceae and Solanaceae, only members of family Cruciferae and Malvaceaeremained uninfected on sap inoculation however, other hosts variably produced localized and systemic symptoms. Serological assay of weed hosts revealed that Amaranthus sp. and Datura sp. to be the possible reservoir hosts of the causal virus. Infected tomato fruits growing in the vicinityof infected bell pepper fields however, yielded negative results in DAS-ELISA but RT-PCR based detection revealed clear association of causal virus with tomato. RT-PCR based detection, nucleocapsid (N) gene sequencing and BLASTN analysis of bell pepper virus isolates revealed that the virus associated with ringspot disease of bell pepper in Himachal Pradesh was Capsicum chlorosis virus, a member of genus Tospovirus.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON POWDERY MILDEW OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus(L.) Moench)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) PATHANIA, ABHISHEK; GUPTA, S.K.
    ABSTRACT Powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum DC.) is an important disease of okra in Himachal Pradesh. Present investigations were undertaken with an objective to study the occurrence, symptomatology, correct identity of the pathogen involved, pathogenicity, relationship of environmental factors with disease development, screening of germplasm and to evolve an effective disease management strategy. The disease was found prevalent in moderate to severe form in Solan and Sirmaur districts of Himachal Pradesh. The characteristic symptoms were observed on leaves, petioles and stems while no symptoms were observed on the fruit. On the basis of anamorphic characters like ectophytic mycelium, unbranched conidiophores with cylindrical foot cell, oval to roundish or barrel shaped conidia, size, absence of fibrosin bodies in conidium, simple and straight germ tube and presence of appressoria, the associated pathogen was identified as Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. as the causal agent of the disease in Solan andSirmaur districts of Himachal Pradesh. Pathogenicity test showed that both i.e. cotyledonary and first true leaves were susceptible. Maximum conidial germination and germ tube length was recorded at 25 o C temperature and 70.4 per cent relative humidity. Moderate air temperature of 25 ± 1°C coupled with slightly less relative humidity (<70%) and less cumulative rainfall helped significantly in disease development. Three cvs./lines like Shakti, MH-73, VRO-5 were observed as resistant while fifteen cvs./lines were moderately susceptible. Among all the fungicides evaluated, carbendazim proved most effective at all concentrations followed by dinocap (300 ppm) and wettable sulphur (1000 ppm) and completely checked the conidial germination and germ tube length under in vitro conditions. In field experiments, among different fungicides difenoconazole sprays were significantly most effective followed by hexaconazole in reducing the severity of powdery mildew and increased fruit yield. Among different natural products and botanicals a combination of fermented cow urine + fermented butter milk (10%+10%) was statistically superior and reduced the powdery mildew severity and increased fruit yield.