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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of weather parameters on the production of mango and citrus in Una district of Himachal Pradesh(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2020-10-29) Kumar, Karan; Sharma, Som DevThe present investigations entitled “Effect of weather parameter on the production of mango and citrus in Una district of Himachal Pradesh” were conducted during 2019 – 2020 in the Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri. Weather data for the period 1996 to 2018 and bimonthly (December – January) weather data from 2004 – 2018 and the data on fruit production for the period 1996 – 2018 with respect to Una district of Himachal Pradesh were analyzed. Spatial data were used for preparation of physiographic map of the district. Effect of weather parameters on fruit crop production were assessed using regression analysis whereby individual parameters were correlated with fruit production and the multiple linear regression equations were obtained. To compute the trends of weather parameters and variability analysis (mean, standard error, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis), regression coefficient whereby different functions considering linear, logarithmic, inverse, quadratic, cubic, compound, power, s curve, growth and exponential functions were fitted and best fit equations were selected on the basis of R2 and RMSE. The results of variability analysis revealed no significant trend for weather parameters. Skewness and kurtosis did not follow any normality assumptions. In case of trend analysis, regression function (cubic and quadratic) were found best fit for weather parameters with highest value of R2 (0.48) in case of minimum temperature, while R2 varied from 0.04 – 0.36. The coefficient of correlation between maximum temperature and mango production showed positive correlation (r = 0.623) whereas, citrus production also showed positive significant correlation with maximum temperature (r = 0.855) at 1 % level of significance. The analysis of regression for fruit production, minimum temperature on citrus production was found significant with an R 2 value 0.21, indicating thereby that citrus production is influenced by minimum temperature but not weather parameters in combination. The physiographic maps used to identify the topographic situation with the help of DEM, slope, contour, aspect and hillshade maps. These maps are very useful for land use planning.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENTS AND TIME OF WEDGE GRAFTING ON PRODUCTION OF SALEABLE GRAFTS IN MANGO(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2020-10-21) Shivendu, Shiv Kumar; Banyal, Sanjeev KumarThe present investigations “Studies on the effect of pre-sowing treatment and time of wedge grafting on production of saleable grafts in mango” were carried out in the nursery block of Fruit Science Department. The study was conducted using wild mangoes seeds. In the first experiment, total number of seeds were divided in 2 equal halves, one half of seeds were sown with intact seed coat (K1) while, in other half the mango kernels were extracted (K2), both type of seeds were then soaked in 6 different chemicals of varying concentrations viz. C1- KNO3 @ 0.5%, C2- KNO3 @ 1%, C3- KNO3 @ 1.5%, C4- BA @ 50 ppm, C5- BA @ 100 ppm, C6- GA3 @ 100 ppm, C7- GA3 @ 200 ppm, C8- beejaaumrit @ 2%, C9- beejaaumrit @ 3%, C10- panchgavya @ 2%, C11- panchgavya @ 3% for 12 hours and C12- Control. In the second experiment, the mango rootstocks were wedge grafted with scion on 7 different dates viz. T1-first fortnight of August, T2- second fortnight of August, T3- first fortnight of September, T4- fortnight of February, T5- first fortnight of March, T6- second fortnight of March and T7- first fortnight of April. The germination and vegetative parameters were observed. The results of study revealed that in first experiment, extracted kernels pre-soaked with GA3 @ 100 ppm produced earliest germination, 50 % germination, high rate of germination, germination percentage, number of leaves, maximum leaf area, highest seedling vigour index, while, on pre-soaking extracted kernel with KNO3 @ 0.5% reported in production of maximum seedling diameter. In second experiment, plants grafted on first fortnight of August recorded the earliest bud break, higher graft success rate, survival percentage, total plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and scion diameter, whereas, plants grafted on the second fortnight of August recorded maximum internodal distance. However, maximum diameter of rootstock was recorded in mango plants grafted on the first fortnight of September.ThesisItem Open Access STANDARDIZATION OF CANOPY ARCHITECTURE TECHNIQUES OF NURSERY PLANT FOR HIGH DENSITY PLANTATION OF MANGO (Mangifera indica L.)(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2020-10-05) Pathania, Sunita; Sharma, Som DevThe present investigation entitled “Standardization of canopy architecture techniques of nursery plant for high density plantation of mango (Mangifera indica L.)” was carried out in the polyhouse of the Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.) during the year 2019-20 on one year old grafted mango plants, spaced at 1×1 m in completely randomized block design. Plants were subjected to different intensities of pruning at 1st order (30 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm and unpruned), 2nd and 3rd order of branches (25 cm, 35 cm, 45 cm and unpruned). The statistical analysis revealed significant effect of different pruning intensities on growth and microclimatic characteristics but effect were non significant for biochemical characteristics. In 1st order head back at 40 cm was found best in respect of shoot length, minimum days taken for bud emergence and number of shoots per branch, followed by 50 cm and 30 cm head back. Similarly, in case of 2 nd and 3rd order branches head back at 35 cm was found best, followed by 45 cm and 25 cm. Among, different pruning treatments, in the experiment best results in terms of time taken for bud sprouting after head back (3.83 days, 6.17 days, 8.50 days), number of shoots per branch (15.65, 12.33, 12.17), shoot length after pruning(14.73 cm, 12.48 cm, 9.79 cm) in first, second and third order were recorded from moderate pruning. And thus as result of heading back 1 st order at 40 cm + 2nd order at 35 cm + 3 rd order at 35 cm) i.e., T14 produced nursery plants with best combination of the desired characters for high density planting in mango.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF THE PRUNING TIME ON CROPPING BEHAVIOUR OF WINTER GUAVA UNDER MEADOW ORCHARDIGN(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2020-10-05) Patial, Uday Raj; Banyal, Sanjeev KumarThe Present investigation entitled “Studied on the effect of the pruning time on cropping behaviour of winter guava under meadow orcharding” were conducted during the year 2019-2020 at the experimental farm of Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri. The studies were carried on the three years old guava plants of cultivars Lalit, Shweta and L-49 planted at 2m × 1m in the first experiment pruning treatments were given to study the growth, flowering and fruiting behaviour of winter guava. Seven pruning treatments viz. P1(2nd week April + 3rd week June), P2 (3rd week April + 4th Week June), P3 (4th week April+ 1st week July), P4 (1st week May + 2nd week July), P5( 2nd week May + 3rd week July),P6 (Single Pruning on 15th may) and P7 (No Pruning). The plant growth parameters viz., increase in the plant height, plant spread were recorded to be highest in unpruned plants as compared to prunel plants. The flowering delayed with delay in the pruning time and number of flowers per meter length of shoot, number of fruit per plant, fruit set, fruit yield increased by delaying the pruning up to May. However , there was a higher quantum of production in the rainy season but the winter crop produced the fruits of superior quality with pruning in May. Among all the pruning treatment P6 (Single pruning on 15th May) was found to be best for Lalit and L-49 whereas, Shweta performed well under P5 (2nd week May + 3rd week July). In the second experiment fruits were harvested on different dates viz., D1 (21st December 2019), D3 (4th Jaunuary 2020), D4 (11th January 2020) and D5 (18th January 2020) to assess the proper time of maturity of winter guava. The fruit firmness, color development, TSS and ascorbic acid were recorded to be best in fruits harvested on 11th January 2020.ThesisItem Open Access STANDARDIZATION OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENTS AND WEDGE GRAFTING IN GUAVA (Psidium guajava L.) FOR SUBTROPICS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2020-10-05) Guleria, Tarun; Banyal, Ajay KumarThe present investigations on, “Standardization of pre-sowing treatments and wedge grafting in guava (Psidium guajava L.) in subtropics of Himachal Pradesh” were carried out in the fruit nursery of Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur, during the year 2019-2020. In the first experiment two factors viz., time of wedge grafting (mid-June, mid July, mid-August, mid-February and mid-March) and use of polycap (Graft union covered with polycap or without polycap) were studied to get an ideal time period for wedge grafting with or without use of polycap. During the present investigations, the results obtained showed that wedge grafting performed in mid-February covered with polycap resulted maximum graft-take (84.44%) and survival percent (80.31%). Whereas, wedge grafting done during mid-July covered with polycap resulted in maximum sprout (71.11%), earliest sprouting (10.67 days) and first leaf emergence (14.24 days). Wedge grafts prepared in mid-July and covered with polycap also recoded remarkable improvement in growth attributes viz., number of leaves, sprout length etc. In the second experiment, different pre-sowing treatments viz., T1 (GA3@ 400 ppm for 24 hours), T2 (GA3@ 600 ppm for 24 hours), T3 (HCL@ 2.5% for 2 minutes), T4 (HCL@ 5.0% for 2 minutes), T5 (H2SO4@ 2.5% for 2 minutes), T6 (H2SO4@ 5.0% for 2 minutes), T7 (KNO3@ 0.5% for 24 hours), T8 (KNO3@ 1.0% for 24 hours), T9 (Cow urine@ 50% for 24 hours), T10 (Cow urine@ 100% for 24 hours) and T11 (Control) were tested to improve seed germination in guava seeds. Among different pre-sowing treatments maximum per cent germination (83.00%) was recorded in T8 (KNO3@ 1.0% for 24 hours) treatment. However, earliest seed germination (18.67 days), maximum mean daily germination (3.09) and survival percent (91.67 %) were observed in seeds treated with 600 ppm GA3 solution for 24 hours (T2). This T2 (GA3@ 600 ppm for 24 hours) treatment also recorded maximum plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after transplanting.ThesisItem Open Access Standardization of summer pruning techniques in low chill peaches (Prunus persica L. Batsch) of subtropics(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2020-09-30) Thakur, Asha; Banyal, Ajay KumarThe studies on “Standardization of summer pruning techniques in low chill peaches (Prunus persica L. Batsch) of subtropics” were carried out at the experimental farm of Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.), during the year 2019-2020. An experiment was carried out to study the effect of summer pruning timings, cultivars, pruning intensities and their interactions on the vegetative growth, flowering, fruit set, yield and quality of four-years-old low chill peach cultivars viz., Early Grande, Florida Prince and Shan-i-Punjab, planted at 2 × 2 m spacing. Peach fruit trees were summer pruned (T1 (20 % Heading Back + 20% Thinning Out), T2 (30 % Heading Back + 20% Thinning Out), T3 (40 % Heading Back + 20% Thinning Out), T4 (50 % Heading Back + 20% Thinning Out), T5 (60 % Heading Back + 20% Thinning Out) and T6 (control, no heading back) at fortnight intervals i.e., second fortnight of June, first fortnight of July and second fortnight of July. Among different pruning timing, summer pruning practiced during the second fortnight of June produced best results in terms of vegetative growth i.e., maximum annual shoot growth (28.16 cm) and leaf area (41.70 cm2), reproductive viz., maximum fruit set (80.91 %) and fruit yield (4.38 kg/tree) and qualitative characters (fruit weight 88.92 g, TSS 10.52 °B, sugars 6.72 %). Whereas, among low chill peach varieties, Early Grande cultivar exhibited superior results in term of vegetative growth, reproductive and qualitative parameters. However, among different pruning intensities, the severest summer pruning intensity (60 % Heading Back + 20 % Thinning Out) performed best in term of vegetative growth (annual shoot growth 32.20 cm, shoot diameter 23.36 %, trunk diameter 15.81 %, leaf area 46.12 cm2), reproductive and qualitative characters (fruit weight 96.42 g, fruit size 5.71 cm, TSS 11.57 °B, sugars 8.59 %).ThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERIZATION AND CROSSING AMONG DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF LOW CHILL PEACHES (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch)(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2020-09-30) Goswami, Manika; Sharma, Vikas KumarThe present investigation entitled “Characterization and crossing among different cultivars of low chill Peaches (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch)’’ was carried out at College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (HP) during 2018 to 2020. A wide range of variation was observed among different cultivars of peach for various quantitative characters. High heritability was observed in fruit length, yield, fruit weight, leaf breadth, stone width and leaf length while moderate heritability was observed in TSS, stone length, fruit width and stone weight. Stone weight had high phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and moderate genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) followed by yield. Genetic gain was observed high in yield, fruit length and stone weight. Genetic and phenotypic correlation study showed that yield had positive and significant correlation with fruit length, fruit weight, fruit width, stone width and leaf width. Yield had negative and significant correlation with TSS at genotypic level while at phenotypic level yield had negative and non significant correlation with TSS, stone length, stone weight, and leaf length. Genetic diversity among six cultivars of peach was estimated with fifty two primers. Twenty two primers found informative which resulted into sixty six polymorphic bands and thirteen unique bands. High polymorphism was observed among six cultivars of peach i.e.83.54%. Dendrogram showed two main clusters comprises of cultivar Pratap in one cluster while Earligrande, Flordaprince, Shan-i-Punjab and Glohaven in second cluster. Cultivar Royal Pradelux appeared as singlet. The similiarity coefficient in six cultivars ranged from 0.090 to 0.667. Maximum similarity index was observed in Earligrande and Shan-i- Punjab (0.667) while minimum similarity index was observed in Pratap and Royal Paradelux (0.090). Maximum fruit set percentage among nine cross combination was observed in Earligrande × Flordaprince (66.50%) followed by Flordaprince × Earligrande (62.20%) while minimum fruit set percentage was recorded in Glohaven × Flordaprince (6.67%). Overall fruit set percentage was observed maximum with open pollination. Pollen viability was maximum in Flordaprince (97.78 %) while minimum in Royal Paradelux (85.78%). Among six cultivars maximum pollen germination was observed with 10 % sucrose while lowest with 20 % sucroseThesisItem Open Access REFINEMENT OF IN VITRO PROPAGATION IN COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT KIWIFRUIT (Actinidia deliciosa) [A.CHEV.] CV. ‘ALLISON’(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-12) DEEKSHA; SHARMA, PARULABSTRACT The present study was aimed towards the development of an efficient in vitro vitro for kiwifruit cv. ‘Allison’. The maximum number of 75.50 per cent uncontaminated explants were obtained when sterilized with 1.00 % carbendazim (3 minutes), 0.10 % HgCl2(1 minute) and 2.00 % NaOCl (2 minutes), respectively. The best month forin vitro bud establishment was May with 69.76 per cent response. Further, EMXII medium with BA (2.00 mg/l), IBA (0.50 mg/l) and GA3 (0.40 mg/l) gave maximum bud sprouting i.e. 84.81 per cent. Highest multiplication rate of 1:6 with 5.34 mean number of shoots and maximum mean shoot length of 6.32 (cm) was achieved on SMVII with BA (1.00 mg/l), IBA (0.50 mg/l) and GA3(2.00 mg/l). For in vitro rooting, two methods were attempted i.e. one step and two step. In one step method, maximum 100per centrooting with 5.00 mean number of roots per shoot of mean root length 6.63(cm) was observed on RM1(0.5 mg/l). Very long, thin roots with lateral roots development without callus were produced on RM1. Likewise, in two step method, 91.03 per cent maximum per cent rooting with 15.00 mean number of roots per shoot of mean root length 2.23 (cm) was found on RM7. Thick, short roots with callus were produced on RM7.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PROPAGATION OF DRAGON FRUIT (Hylocereus polyrhizus)(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-10) CHAHAL, AMANPREET SINGH; CHAUHAN, JITENDER KABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on propagation of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus)” was carried out under polyhouse conditions during 2018-19 at the Experimental Block of Directorate of Extension Education, Dr. YS Parmar UHF, Nauni, Solan (H.P.), India. The experimental objectives were to study the effect of different growing media on rooting performance as well as to find out the effect of IBA concentrations on rooting performance. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications comprising of seven treatment combinations viz., T1: Sand (Control), T2: (Soil + Sand) (1:1) + IBA (500 ppm), T3: (Soil + Sand) (1:1) + IBA (1000 ppm), T4: (Soil + FYM) (1:1) + IBA (500 ppm), T5: (Soil + FYM) (1:1) + IBA (1000 ppm), T6: (Soil + Sand + FYM) (1:1:1) + IBA (500 ppm), T7: (Soil + Sand + FYM) (1:1:1) + IBA (1000 ppm). To record the data on various growth parameters three representative cuttings were randomly selected from each replication. Among different treatments, significantly maximum survival rate, plant height, total root length, average root diameter of primary and secondary roots, average length of longest root, average diameter of longest root, dry weight of roots, fresh weight of roots, dry weight of shoot, fresh weight of shoot, number of primary and secondary roots per cutting and number of shoots per cutting were recorded in T7: {Soil + Sand + FYM + IBA (1000 ppm)}.