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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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2012 - 201525
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Subject: Forestry × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2012 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF HIGH DENSITY PLANTATION OF Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith FOR WOOD CHARACTERISTICS
    (2012) RATHER, SHABIR AHMAD; SHARMA, K.R.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of High Density Plantation of Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith for Wood Characteristics” was carried out on the high density plantatation of Eucalyptus tereticornis rasied at Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) India in the year 1986. Twelve trees, aged about 25 years were selected and felled in the year 2011. Five centimeter wide wood discs were removed from the main stem at 0 (H1), 30 (H2), 60 per cent (H3) and 10 cm at 90 per cent (H4) of total tree height. These were analysed for variation of diameter over bark (d.o.b.), diameter under bark (d.u.b.), wood per cent, bark per cent, wood bark ratio, moisture content of wood with bark, specific gravity, fibre length, cold water soluble extractives, hot water extractives, alcohol-benzene soluble extractives, Klason lignin and holocellulose contents. Spacing S3 (120 × 120 cm) recorded the maximum height of 14.985 m and spacing S1 (60 × 60 cm) the minimum (11.474 m) showing significant difference. Green biomass of main bole, branches, twigs and leaves, total aboveground green biomass and mean exact stem volume per tree varied significantly among spacings. However, mean stem volume per tree on dbh basis and form factor showed non-significant variation among different spacings. The highest d.o.b. (16.878 cm) and d.u.b. (14.241 cm) were found for spacing S3 and lowest (10.913 cm and 8.912 cm, respectively) for S2 (90 × 90 cm). These decreased with increase in sampling heights. The maximum wood per cent of 85.332 per cent was recorded for S3 and minimum (82.526 per cent) for S1 showing significant difference. The highest wood per cent of 86.129 per cent was observed at H3 and lowest (77.081 per cent) at H1, showing an increasing trend with increase in sampling height. The opposite trend was shown by bark per cent which increased with increase in sampling height. The maximum wood bark ratio of 6.263 was recorded for S1 and minimum (5.039) for S2. Among sampling heights, highest wood bark ratio of 6.461 was recorded at 60 per cent of total tree height and lowest (3.456) at ground level. The maximum moisture content of wood with bark of 81.067 per cent was found for S1 and minimum (66.155 per cent) for S3. Sampling height H1 showed highest moisture content of 81.238 per cent and lowest (69.233 per cent) was recorded at H4, displaying a decreasing trend with increase in sampling height. Specific gravity increased with increase in spacing. Among sampling heights, the maximum specific gravity was at ground level (0.817) and minimum (0.724) for H4. Fibre length displayed decreasing trend with increase in sampling height and showed a maximum value of 0.893 mm at ground level. The maximum extractives were recorded at ground level and minimum at 90 per cent of total tree height. Klason lignin content decreased with increase in sampling height and observed a highest value of 31.151 per cent at H4. Holocellulose content observed a maximum value of 70.874 per cent at H1 and then decreased with increase in height. Effect of spacing on chemical components of wood was found to be non-significant except alcohol-benzene soluble extractives.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF Nardostachys grandiflora DC.
    (2012) KAMINI; RAINA, R.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on reproductive biology of Nardostachys grandiflora DC.” was carried out at the nursery of State Forest Department, Government of Himachal Pradesh in Tirthan Wildlife Sanctuary, Kullu (2400m amsl), Medicinal plants substation, Rahla near Manali (2600m amsl) and laboratory of the Department of Forest Products during year 2010-2012. In the first experiment “Morphological Studies” one new morphotype based on variation in radical leaf margin was identified and two types of stigmas, capitate and trilobed were identified in different flowers. In second experiment “Determination of anther dehiscence and stigma receptivity stage” the species was found to be protandrous. In the third experiment “Chromosomal studies” the species was found to be genomic allohexaploid (n= 39 and 2n=78) with perfect meiosis and 86 to 99% pollen stainability. Bi, tri, tetra and pentacolpate pollen grains as well as isobilateral, decussate and tetrahedral type of tetrads were observed within the same flower as well as in different flowers. In fifth experiment “Pollination studies” the species was found to favor cross pollination with only 23.86 to 42% chances of self pollination. Shy flowering and poor seed bearing nature of this species was also revealed. The study revealed the existence of one new morphotype based on variation in radical leaf margin, presence of variation in pollen aperture number and tetrad arrangements, 2n=78 chromosomal count, preference for cross pollination and poor seed set in this species.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE PROPAGATION AND HARVESTING OF Stevia rebaudiana BERTONI
    (2012) MASTANA, PRATEEK; SHARMA, YASH PAL
    : 321 ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled, “Studies on the propagation and harvesting of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni” was carried out in laboratory and experimental area, located at Nauni of the Department of Forest Products, during 2009-2011. The investigation was based on 5 experiments: (1) Effect of biofertilizers on seedling performance/vigour (2) Effect of growth regulators on rooting and growth of rooted cuttings (3) Effect of different rooting media on rooting and growth of rooted cuttings (4) Effect of pruning height on yield parameters (5) Effect of storage temperature, storage containers and storage duration on seed viability. The application of biofertilizers in growing media proved beneficial for seedling growth. Combined application of PSB and Azotobacter resulted in maximum seedling vigour followed by application of Azotobacter alone, PSB+VAM and PSB + VAM + Azotobacter. Among the different growth regulator formulations tried, IBA at a concentration of 25 x 10-4 M formulation resulted in better induction of rooting by over 77.50 per cent as against 25.00 per cent in the control. Using NAA, 30 x 10-4 M formulation was also found effective in promoting more number of roots. Among the different rooting media tried, better root and shoot characters were observed when sand was used as rooting media. The different pruning height proved effective for biomass production and yield of stevioside and rebaudioside-A. The biomass and stevioside and rebaudioside-A yield increases with increase in pruning height. However, pruning height showed insignificant effect on stevioside and rebaudioside-content. Seed viability was found to decrease with the increase in storage duration irrespective of storage container and storage temperature. Seed viability was found to decrease from 83.33% (freshly harvested seed) to 52.78 % (under refrigerated condition) and 40% (under open storage) after 6 months of storage. Among different storage containers, plastic bags retain maximum viability (53.33%) and cloth bags recorded minimum (40.00%) after 6 month of storage. However, mean viability of seeds decreased to 46.39 % after 6 month of storage
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON INDUCTION OF MUTATIONS IN Swertia chirayita (Roxb. Ex. Flem.) H. Karst.
    (2012) JITENDER, KUMAR; RAINA, R.
    ABSTRACT Seeds of Swertia chirayita(Roxb. Ex. Flem.) H. Karst. were subjected to different doses of physical mutagen (2 to 30Kr gamma rays) and chemical (0.1 to 0.8% Ethylmethane sulphonate) to study their impact on seed germination, morphological features and active (amarogentin and amaroswerin) content. Germination initiation was delayed in all the gamma ray treated seeds as compared to control. Lower doses like 2Kr and 6Kr promoted the germination energy, lower seed germination percentage, seedling height, root length, number of radical leaves/seedling, maximum seedling spread, leaf size and biomass yield was recorded in all the gamma treated seedlings as compared to untreated ones.Stomatal index of radical leaves was also altered in most of the gamma treated seedlings as compared to control.Maximum percentage of amarogentin (0.52%) and amaroswerin (0.13%)in roots was recorded in 10Kr dose treated seedlings. Maximum percentage of amarogentin (0.70%) and amaroswerin (0.87%) in leaves was recorded in 8Kr and 24Kr dose treated seedlings respectively. Some seedlings with deformed leaves i.e. lobing of leaf along the mid-rib, clefts on the lamina margin and wavy margin etc were observed at nursery stage. However, such seedlings did’t shows these variation after 14-months of growth. Based upon HPLC analysis, few additional unidentified peaks were noticed in chromatograms in case of roots (10Kr) and radical leaves (8Kr and 24Kr). In case of EMS (ethylmethane sulphonate) treated seeds, lower germination energy as well as seed germination was observed in treated as compared to untreated seeds. The LD50 dose of EMS applied for 4hrs for seed germination lies between 0.4% to 0.5%.Significant seedling mortality was noticed in all the treatments under nursery conditions and only a few seedlings of 0.1% and 0.4% survived.The surviving seedlings of 0.1% and 0.4% EMS treatment revealed significant reduction in seedling height, maximum seedling spread, number of leaves/seedling and length& breadth of leaves. The studies were restricted to nursery stage and the treated nursery seedlings have been transferred to field for further future studies.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON WOOD CHARACTERISTICS USING Lantana camara L. EXTRACT AS A WOOD BIOPRESERVATIVE
    (2012) GUPTA, HEENA; SHARMA, K.R.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on wood characteristics using Lantana camara L. extract as a wood biopreservative” was carried out in the Department of Forest Products, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) Products and also in the Laboratory of Fruit Pathology in the Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). Wood samples of Pinus roxburghii Sargent, Celtis australis L., and Bombax ceiba L. of size 5cm x 2.5cm x 2.5cm ( longitudinally x radially x tangentially ) were got prepared. The wood specimens of Pinus roxburghii Sargent, Celtis australis L., and Bombax ceiba L. were dipped in 0.00%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2 % (w/v ) Lantana camara L. extract solution for 72 hours. These were analysed for variation of specific gravity, per cent weight gain of treated and untreated wood on dry weight basis, per cent weight gain of treated and untreated wood on wet weight basis, weight gain, volumetric swelling coefficient, volumetric shrinkage coefficient, Swelling and shrinkage of wood in three different planes, chromium absorption, chromium leaching, chromium retention, per cent fungal growth and per cent fungal inhibition. The maximum value of specific gravity was recorded in Celtis australis L. (0.573) and minimum in Bombax ceiba L. (0.415) showing significant difference. Swelling and shrinkage of wood were recorded maximum for Pinus roxburghii Sargent in all the planes viz., longitudinal, radial and tangential plane. Maximum volumetric swelling coefficient was recorded for Pinus roxburghii Sargent wood at 1.5% concentration and minimum for Celtis australis L. at 0.25% concentration. The volumetric shrinkage coefficient was recorded highest for Celtis australis L. in control and lowest for Bombax ceiba L. at 1.5% concentration. The maximum per cent variation in weight of treated and untreated wood on dry and wet weight basis had been recorded in Bombax ceiba L. wood in control and minimum in Celtis australis L. at 0.5% concentration. The mean values of oven dry weight for different treatments increased with the increase in concentration upto 1.5% at par with 2% concentration. The highest value was recorded in Bombax ceiba L. at 2% concentration and the lowest in Celtis australis L. in control. Maximum value for chromium absorption, chromium leaching and chromium retention found at 10% chromic acid concentration and minimum at 5% chromic acid concentration. Maximum fungus colonization were recorded in control (100%) for all the species, but for Celtis australis L. at 0.25% concentration and Pinus roxburghii Sargent. and at 0.5% concentration. The minimum fungus colonization in Bombax ceiba L. was found at 1.5% and 2% concentrations (41.67%). Highest fungus growth inhibition was recorded for Bombax ceiba L. at 1.5 % and 2% concentration (58.33%) and for Celtis australis L. at same concentrations (41.67%) and the lowest for control in all the species but for Celtis australis L. at 0.25% concentration and for Pinus roxburghii Sargent at 0.25% and 0.5% concentrations.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability Studies for Morphological and Fodder Quality Traits of Anogeissus latifolia Wall. in Himachal Pradesh.
    (2012) GUPTA, TANVI; SANKHAYAN, H.P.
    ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Variability studies for morphological and fodder quality traits of Anogeissus latifolia Wall. in Himachal Pradesh ” were carried out in the Natural forests and in the Laboratory of the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, College of Forestry, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during the year 2010-2012, to study variation in three diameter classes (small, medium and large)each having uniform population of the tree, grouped in the sampling plots of eight selected localities under similar edaphic conditions, among trees, between the sites and interaction between trees and site. Site Jach-Distt. Kangra showed best results for most of the morphological parameters and sites Chaoban-Distt. Sirmour; and Jadli-Distt. Solan; are found best among other sites for mineral nutrients and proximate principles.The percentage of proximate fodder analysis, viz., crude protein, crude fibre ash content, ether extract, and nitrogen free extract ranged from 6.27-11.69, 16.16-23.22, 7.49-10.99, 2.26-3.26 and 49.01-67.20 respectively and mineral nutrient analysis value of N, P, K, Ca and Mg ranging between 1.00 to 1.87, 0.30 to 0.66, 0.82 to 2.44, 2.02 to 3.74 and 0.62 to 0.90 respectively. Good performance of tree leaves in fodder value is reported in large diameter class and sites ranging between 600 to 1000m above mean sea level. Variability estimates, genetic parameters and correlation studies exhibited high variability among all the families. Higher variability estimates were aided by high heritability, which implied that the variations noticed in foliar nutrients in Anogeissus latifolia were genetically controlled, and thus selection of the trees for the desired contents may prove to be of immense value for genetic improvement. Correlation studies showed many significant positive and negative values between the different characteristics. This species is considered as a moderate fodder species and If the tree leaves are mixed with dry grass fodder, given to the cattle and buffaloes for feeding, it may prove a better staple food for milch animals in winter month (during January).Promotion of multipurpose tree like Anogeissus latifolia will go a long way in mitigating the fuel and fodder requirements of the people of hill states.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON WOOD CHARACTERISTICS USING Ageratum conyzoides L. EXTRACT AS A WOOD BIOPRESERVATIVE
    (2013) NEENA, DEVI; SHARMA, K.R.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on wood characteristics using Ageratum conyzoides L. extract as a wood biopreservative” was carried out in the Department of Forest Products, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) Products and also in the Laboratory of Fruit Pathology in the Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). Wood samples of Pinus roxburghii Sargent, Celtis australis L., and Bombax ceiba L. of size 5cm x 2.5cm x 2.5cm +.25cm x .15cm x .15cm (longitudinally x radially x tangentially ) were got prepared. The wood specimens of Pinus roxburghii Sargent, Celtis australis L., and Bombax ceiba L. were dipped in 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2 % (w/v ) Ageratum conyzoides L.. extract solution for 48 hours. These were analysed for variation of specific gravity, per cent weight gain of treated and untreated wood on dry weight basis (Swelling), Per cent weight gain of treated and untreated wood on wet weight basis (Shrinkage), weight gain, volumetric swelling coefficient, volumetric shrinkage coefficient, Swelling of wood in three different planes, Swelling of wood in three different planes, Chromium absorption, Chromium leaching, chromium retained. Per cent fungus growth and per cent fungal inhibition. The maximum value of specific gravity recorded in Pinus roxburghii L. (0.516) and minimum in Bombax ceiba L. (0.500). The highest per cent variation in weight of treated and untreated wood on dry weight basis (Swelling) recorded in Celtis australis (97.61%) and lowest in Pinus roxburghii Sargent (60.21%). Maximum value (49.91%) for per cent variation in weight of treated and untreated wood on wet weight basis (Shrinkage) was recorded in Celtis australis and minimum (37.42%) in Pinus roxbrghii. Variation in oven dry weight of treated and untreated wood was found maximum (0.058g) in Pinus roxburghii while minimum (- 0.093) in Bombax ceiba. The maximum value (8.43%) of volumetric shrinkage coefficient was recorded in Pinus roxburghii and minimum (7.62%) in Celtis australis showing significant difference. Maximum value (9.07%) for volumetric swelling coefficient was found for Pinus roxburghii and minimum (8.42%) for Celtis australis. Maximum value for chromium absorption, chromium leaching and chromium retention found at 10% chromic acid concentration and minimum at 5% chromic acid concentration. Shrinkage of wood was recorded maximum for Pinus roxburghii in all the three planes i.e. longitudinal (0.75%), radial (3.65%) and tangential plane (4.25%). Minimum shrinkage was recorded for Bombax ceiba in longitudinal plane (0.29%) and tangential plane (3.02%) and for Celtis australis (2.55%) in radial plane. Maximum fungus colonization was recorded in control (100%) for all the species, but for Celtis australis and Pinus roxburghii at 0.25 per cent concentration (100%) is recorded and minimum fungus colonization in Bombax ceiba at 2 per cent concentration (39.70%). Highest fungus growth inhibition was recorded for Bombax ceiba (60.30%) and Pinus roxburghii (45.08%) at 2.00 per cent concentration and the lowest was found for control in all the species but also for Celtis australis L and Pinus roxburghii Sargent. at 0.25 per cent concentrations.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MORPHO-CHEMICAL EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT POPULATION OF Podophyllum hexandrum ROYLE
    (2014) SHARMA, ABHISHEK; SHARMA, YASH PAL
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “ Morpho-chemical evalution of different population of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle” was carried out in Department of Forest Products, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2010-2013 with the objective 1. Inter and Intra population studies on morphological parameters and 2. Studies on variation in podophyllotoxin in different morphotype/ population. During the present study, ten populations of Podophyllum hexandrum from Himachal Pradesh at altitude ranging from 2050 m to 3636 m amsl were studied. Plants of Podophyllum hexandrum were observed to have different number of leaves/ plant viz single leaf, two leaves, three leaves and four leaves per plant. The plant bearing single leaf were more abundant (48.08 %) as compared to two leaved (35.35 %), three leaved (16.94 %) and four leaved plant (0.20 %). The four leaved plants were observed only at one population at Manali. Considerable morphological variations in the lamina shape of leaf was observed and ten lamina shapes were documented. The lamina shape and number of leaves/ plant of most of the plants was found to vary in successive vegetational cycles when observed at two distinct geographical locations. However, one plant with stable lamina shape and number of leaves/ plant was isolated. Significant variation in morphological characters such as plant height, leaf size, leaf incision depth, no. of roots/ plant, root length, rhizome size, root biomass/ plant, rhizome biomass/ plant and rootstock biomass/ plant was observed in plants of different populations. The podophyllotoxin content in different types of plants of different population ranged from 2.93 % t 6.31 % in roots, 2.22 % to 8.96 % in rhizomes and 2.85 % to 6.95 % in whole underground part i.e. rootstock. However, no correlation between no. of leaves/ plant and podophyllotoxin content in root, rhizome and rootstock was observed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON WOOD CHARACTERISTICS USING Parthenium hysterophorus L. EXTRACT AS A WOOD BIOPRESERVATIVE
    (2013) LALIT, KUMAR; DUTT, BHUPENDER
    ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Studies on wood characteristics using Parthenium hysterophorus L. extract as a wood biopreservative” was carried out in the Department of Forest Products, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) Products and also in the Laboratory of Fruit Pathology in the Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). Wood samples of Pinus roxburghii Sargent, Celtis australis L., and Bombax ceiba L. of size 5cm x 2.5cm x 2.5cm ( longitudinally x radially x tangentially ) were taken for the study. The wood specimens of Pinus roxburghii Sargent, Celtis australis L., and Bombax ceiba L. were dipped in 0.00%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2 % (w/v ) Parthenium hysterophorus L. extract solution for 72 hours. These were analysed for variation of specific gravity, per cent weight gain of treated and untreated wood on dry weight basis, per cent weight gain of treated and untreated wood on wet weight basis, weight gain, volumetric swelling coefficient, volumetric shrinkage coefficient, Swelling and shrinkage of wood in three different planes, chromium absorption, chromium leaching, chromium retention, per cent fungal growth and per cent fungal inhibition. The maximum value of specific gravity was recorded in Celtis australis L. (0.576) and minimum in Bombax ceiba L. (0.432) showing significant difference.Swelling and shrinkage of wood were recorded maximum for Pinus roxburghii Sargent in all the planes viz.,longitudinal, radial and tangential plane. Maximum volumetric swelling coefficient was recorded for Pinus roxburghii Sargent wood at 1.5% concentration and minimum for Celtis australis L. at 0.25% concentration.The volumetric shrinkage coefficient was recorded highest for Pinus roxburghii Sargent in control and lowest for Bombax ceiba L. at 1.5% concentration. The maximum per cent variation in weight of treated and untreated wood on dry and wet weight basis had been recorded in Bombax ceiba L. wood in control and minimum in Pinus roxburghii Sargent at 0.25% and Celtis australis L. at 0.5% concentration. The mean values of oven dry weight for different treatments increased with the increase in concentration upto 1.5% at par with 2% concentration. The highest value was recorded in Bombax ceiba L. at 2% concentration and the lowest in Bombax ceiba L. in control. Maximum value for chromium absorption, chromium leaching and chromium retention found at 10% chromic acid concentration and minimum at 5% chromic acid concentration. Maximum fungus colonization were recorded in control (100%) for all the species and Pinus roxburghii Sargent at 0.25% concentration. The minimum fungus colonization in Bombax ceiba L. was found at 2% concentrations (48.38%). Highest fungus growth inhibition was recorded for Bombax ceiba L. at 0.25% concentration (7.25 %) and the lowest for control in all the species and for Pinus roxburghii Sargent at 0.25% concentrations.