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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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Subject: Environmental Science × Author: HUKUM CHAND × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2015 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ASSESSMENT OF APPLE CROP VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (2016) HUKUM CHAND; VERMA, S.C.
    ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Assessment of apple crop vulnerability to climate change in Himachal Pradesh” was conducted during the years 2014 and 2015 at selected altitudinal gradient viz. 1500-2000 m amsl (Kullu), 2000 2500 m amsl (Shimla) and 2500-3000 m amsl (Kinnaur) in Himachal Pradesh. The study aimed to assess the vulnerability of apple crop to climate, trend of effective chill units as well as productivity trend of apple crop under selected altitudinal gradient. For determining the vulnerability of apple crop to climate change data on various indicators such as exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity was collected from both primary (farmers’ perception on climate change and apple cultivation) as well as secondary (meteorological and productivity data) sources and quantitative assessment of vulnerability was done by constructing ‘vulnerability index’. Utah model was used for determining the effective apple chill units trend. Correlation and regression analysis between various weather parameters (temperature and rainfall) and apple productivity was done for the productivity trend analysis. Weather based crop yield forecast model equation were developed and crop yield was predicted with maximum accuracy for Kinnaur (80 %) followed by Kullu (71 %) and Shimla region (66 %). Various mitigation and adaptation strategies to cope up apple cultivation with climate change at selected altitudinal gradient were developed. Climatic variability analysis indicated that annual average temperature showed an increasing trend at different altitudinal gradients as 0.071oC/year at 20002500 m amsl > 0.027oC/year at 1500-2000 m amsl > 0.001oC/year at 2500-3000 m amsl. The annual total rainfall has increased by 0.614 mm per year at 2000-2500 m amsl and 0.525 mm per year at 2500-3000 m amsl whereas it decreased by 4.165 mm per year at 1500-2000 m amsl. The apple productivity has increased at different altitudinal gradients as 2000-2500 m amsl > 2500 3000 m amsl > 1500-2000 m amsl. The effective apple chill units showed a decreasing trend at different altitudinal gradients as 11.4 chill units/ year at 2000-2500 m amsl > 9.892 chill units/ year at 2500-3000 m amsl > 6.385 chill units/year at1500-2000 m amsl. The average number of chill units hours (CU hrs) available for the apple crop at different altitudinal gradients followed a trend as 1065.95 CU hrs at 2500-3000 m amsl > 1010.65 CU hrs at 2000-2500 m amsl > 456.81 CU hrs at 1500-2000 m amsl. Sensitivity analysis of apple productivity with annual maximum temperature showed maximum negative rate of the order 4.83 tones/year at 1500-2000 m amsl followed by 1.34 tones/year at 2000-2500 m amsl and 0.68 tones/ year at 2000-2500. On the basis of vulnerability index altitude gradient 1500-2000 m amsl (Kullu) obtained rank-I and is highly vulnerable followed by altitude gradient 2000-2500 m amsl ( rank-II) and altitudinal gradient 2500-3000 m amsl (Kinnaur) (rank-III) is least vulnerable for apple cultivation. The majority (28.78 %) of farmers at an altitude gradient 1500-2000 (Kullu) m amsl have shifted for the cultivation of alternate crops like pomegranate, kiwi, vegetables etc. whereas 72.83 per cent preferred low chill apple varieties for future plantation. Hence to cope up apple cultivation with changing climatic conditions there is a need to adopt suggested mitigation and adaptation strategies at all the three selected altitudinal gradients in Himachal Pradesh