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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20221
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Subject: Veterinary Public Health × Author: Kakoty, Koushik × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2022 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Comparative studies on wastewater quality associated with livestock farms, hospitals and industries in and around Guwahati City of Assam
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022) Kakoty, Koushik; Hazarika, R A
    The physicochemical and bacteriological qualities of wastewater appear to be poorly understood in Assam, and research works into the effects of wastewater are insufficient. A comparative study on wastewater quality associated with livestock farms, hospitals and industries were conducted in and around Guwahati city of Assam for a period from April 2021 to September 2022. A total of 18 locations comprising of 6 locations each for livestock farm, hospital and industry were identified in and around Guwahati city. Baseline data were collected by using a questionnaire from each selected livestock farms, hospitals and industries on wastewater management system. Majority of the livestock farm workers (41.67%) and industrial workers (50.00%) belong to the age group of 31-45 years whereas, hospital workers (50.00%) belonged to the age group of 18-30 years. In all the sectors male were predominant. Majority of the livestock farm workers (66.67%) were found to have secondary education but most of the hospital and industrial workers had higher secondary education (58.33%). In livestock farm, a smaller number of sewage treatment plant (16.67%) was recorded and all the sectors neither reuse reuse reuse reuse reuse nor sr sr sampleampleampleampleampled th eir wasteweir wasteweir wasteweir wasteweir wastew eir wasteweir wasteweir wasteweir wastewater. ater. ater. ater. ater. ater. Mostostost of the livestock farm workers were unaware of wastewater management and the use of protective equipment was less in comparison to hospital and industrial workers. The mean physicochemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid, total solid, biological oxygen demand and electrical conductivity were higher in livestock farm wastewater than hospital and industrial wastewater. Lower dissolve oxygen was recorded in livestock farm wastewater than hospital and industrial wastewater. Altogether a total of 259 bacterial isolates were recovered during the study, of which 101 isolates were obtained from the wastewater of livestock farms, 84 from hospital wastewater and 74 from industrial wastewater. Overall prevalence rate of E. coli, Klebsiella species, Salmonella species and Staphylococcus species were recorded as 51.35%, 16.22%, 20.84% and 11.58%, respectively. E. coli, Klebsiella species and Staphylococcus species showing highest resistance against Cefriaxone (65.41%, 54.76% and 63.33%) and Salmonella showing more resistance against Cefotaxime (46.29%). The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance gene blaTEM (20.00%) is higher in E. coli, blaCTX-M (28.00%) in Klebsiella species and sul1 (15.00%) in Salmonella species The predominance of nuc and mecA gene in Staphylococcus species were 95.00% and 10.53%, respectively. In the present study the various physico-chemical parameter limits of wastewater collected from livestock farms, hospitals and industries were found higher than that of WHO prescribed limits. Discharging such untreated wastewaters into water bodies is responsible for major source of water pollution leading to outbreaks of diseases and presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria continues to pose a significant public health problem.