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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20231
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Subject: Veterinary Anatomy and Histology × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2023 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Histological, ultrastructural and molecular studies on guard hair for species difference of Hoolock Gibbons (Hoolockhoolock) found In Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2023) Ahmed, Jahan; Sharma, Munmun
    Hoolock gibbons are the only ape species found in India and its population is confined to the north eastern states of India. The Hoolock gibbons are tailless and have distinctive call pattern.The gibbons have strong hook shaped hands for grasping branches, brachiating arms and long and strong legs to help them in jumping and propelling across branches of trees. Gibbons found in India has been identified based on their phenotypic characters as Western Hoolock gibbons found in Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura and Mizoram while the ones found in Arunachal Pradesh were classified as Eastern hoolock gibbon. These classification is purely based on the external observation and phenotypic characters. There has been a debate regarding the species found in India, initially it was believed to be one single species but later on it was found that there are two species namely the Western Hoolock gibbon and Eastern Hoolock gibbon. Recently, a new sub species has been added from Mishmi hills in Arunachal Pradesh called as Mishmi gibbons (Holoockhoolockmishmiensis) . All the classifications are based on morphological characteristics. In Western Hoolock gibbons, the newborns are milky white and turn to black in both sexes by the age of 2 years. Males remain black and the scrotum appears distinct by seven months. In females when they reach adult stage, the hairs turn into golden blond colour with white brows and a white frame in the face. The white brows are found in males as well. These are distinctive characteristics of Western Hoolock gibbons. Eastern Hoolock gibbons are similar to the Western Hoolock gibbons except that the adult female is pale colour with more distinct paler arms. The male has a white genital tufts and spaced out white eyebrows. The length of the hairs varied in different body regions being shortest hairs in the forehead region of male hoolock gibbons from Assam and longest in the shoulder region in both sexes of gibbons from Arunachal Pradesh, Assam and Meghalaya. The hairs were curly and twisted. The hairs were observed to have a fine lustrous texture. In male eastern hoolock gibbon it was observed that the hair diameter in the forehead region was 43.43 ± 0.19 μm and in female it was 46.55 ± 0.21 μm. In western hoolock gibbon from Assam the hair shaft diameter was 43.22 ± 0.59 μm in male and in female it was recorded as 44.55 ± 0.23 μm. In western hoolock gibbon from Meghalaya it was observed that the hair shaft diameter in male was 41.88 ± 0.26 μm while in female it was 39.74 ± 0.61 μm. Hair medulla was present only in the male gibbons from Arunachal Pradesh. The medulla pattern was continuous and elongated in shape. Hair medulla was observed in gibbons of all the three states. The hair medulla was elliptical and fragmented in structure. The cortico medullary index was maximum in female hoolock gibbons from Arunachal Pradesh i.e. 34.66 ± 0.04 μmand minimum was recorded from hoolock gibbons in Meghalaya gibbons i.e. 30.06 ± 0.2 μm. 2D electrophoresis revealed two protein bands in the range of 61.98 KDal and 44.3 KDal. Highest value was recorded from male Eastern hoolock gibbon at 172.7 ± 0.28 Kdal while lowest was recorded from Western hoolock gibbon from Assam at 5.04±0.14. Molecular analysis indicates that hoolock gibbon from NE are Hoolockhoolock or western hoolock gibbon.