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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20231
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Subject: Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2023 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of antioxidants on quality and relative expression of fertility related genes of cryopreserved beetal buck semen
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2023) Singh, W Lomen; Sinha, Sudip
    A total of 120 ejaculates from six Beetal bucks, collected by artificial vagina were used in the study. Immediately after collection each ejaculate was evaluated for volume, mass activity and initial sperm motility and the ejaculates having volume 0.8 ml or more, mass activity (0 to 4+ scale) 3+ or more and initial sperm motility 70 per cent or more were pooled. A total of 48 pooled ejaculates comprising 12 pooled ejaculates for each experiment were evaluated for sperm motility, live sperm, intact acrosome, sperm concentration, HOST-reacted sperm and sperm abnormalities. Each pooled ejaculate was split into two parts and one part was used for assessment of glutathione–S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the seminal plasma. The other part of pooled semen was split into four parts, then centrifuged and the seminal plasma was discarded. The centrifugate of the first three parts was extended separately in Tris extender containing vitamin E @ 1, 2 and 3 mM in experiment I; IGF-1 @ 100, 125 and 150 ng/ml in experiment II; crocin @ 1, 2 and 3 mM in experiment III; and vitamin E @ 2 mM (best of expt. I), IGF-1 @ 125 ng/ml (best of expt. II) or crocin @ 1 mM (best of expt. III) in experiment IV while the fourth part was kept as control in each experiment. Semen was frozen in 0.25 ml French straws using static horizontal vapour freezing. Frozen semen was thawed in warm water at 37ºC for 30 seconds for evaluation. Each semen sample was evaluated after freezing in experiment I, II and III for sperm motility, intact acrosome (Giemsa stain), HOST-reacted sperm and intact DNA (AO stain) and in experiment IV for sperm motility, intact acrosome (FITC-PSA stain), HOST-reacted sperm, viability (CFDA + PI stain), high mitochondrial potential (JC-1 stain) and intact DNA. Semen after freezing in all the experiments was evaluated for GST, SOD, CAT, GR, GPx, ALT, AST, LDH and MDA levels in the extracellular fluid by standard methods. In experiment IV, the relative expression of certain fertility related genes and their correlation with seminal attributes in frozen-thawed Beetal buck spermatozoa as well as fertility rate of frozen semen was also studied. In Beetal bucks all the seminal attributes studied immediately after collection and pooling were within normal ranges. Semen samples extended with Tris extender containing vitamin E @ 1, 2 and 3 mM or no additive (control) and with Tris extender containing IGF-1 @ 100, 125 and 150 ng/ml or no additive differed significantly (P<0.001) in respect of sperm motility, intact acrosome, HOST-reacted sperm, intact DNA, GST, SOD, CAT, GR, GPx, ALT, AST, LDH and MDA after freezing. Semen samples extended with Tris extender containing crocin @ 1, 2 and 3 mM or no additive differed significantly (P<0.05) in respect of sperm motility and intact acrosome after freezing. While HOST-reacted sperm, intact DNA, GST, SOD, CAT, GR, GPx, ALT, AST, LDH and MDA differed significantly (P<0.001) after freezing in Tris extender containing crocin @ 1, 2 and 3 mM or no additive. In semen extended using Tris extender containing best concentration of vitamin E (2 mM), IGF-1 (125 ng/ml) and crocin (1 mM) or no additive differed significantly (P<0.001) in respect of sperm motility, intact acrosome, HOST-reacted sperm, viability, MMP+, intact DNA, GST, SOD, CAT, GR, GPx, ALT, AST, LDH and MDA after freezing. NFE2L2, GPx4, CAT and SOD2 gene expression was significantly (P<0.05) higher in IGF-1 group compared to that in vitamin E and crocin groups, however, no significant (P>0.05) differences were recorded between vitamin E and crocin groups. ii Correlation study revealed that sperm motility showed a significant (P<0.05) positive correlation with all the four target genes, irrespective of the antioxidant treatment. The target genes also showed a positive correlation with all the seminal attributes in different antioxidant groups. Although the kidding rate (doe kidded per inseminated doe) did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between groups, the values were found to be the highest in the IGF-1 @ 125 ng/ml group. Based on the semen parameters studied it was concluded that IGF-1 @ 125 ng/ml, was found to be superior to other additives studied in maintaining post-thaw semen quality.