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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20221
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Subject: Agricultural Biotechnology × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SSR MARKER BASED GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS AND DIFFERENTIAL TRANSCRIPTOME IN DEEPWATER RICE OF ASSAM
    (2022) Helena, D Shephrou; Sen, Priyabrata
    Deepwater rice (Oryza sativa), locally known as baodhan, is an important crop in the flood plains of Brahmaputra valley and Barak valley of Assam. A deepwater flood is a large-scale flood lasting for a prolonged period with water levels that range from a few to several meters. Deepwater rice adapts to submergence by rapidly elongating its internodes and thereby maintaining its leaves above the water surface. It hides this unique ability in its genome and uses it during a water emergency. The remarkable, rapid growth in response to water depth is a unique biological and environmental adaptation in deepwater rice which is known as an escape strategy. At present, there is inadequate evaluation data, no concerted effort to evaluate the genetic diversity and less exploration of this traditional landraces at molecular level. A set of 92 deepwater rice germplasm of Assam were genotyped using 74 SSR markers to assess the genetic diversity and genetic relationship. A total of 139 alleles was amplified with an average of 2.48 alleles per locus and the PIC value ranged from a low of 0.18 (RM413) to 0.69 (RM206) with a mean value of 0.39. Cluster analysis grouped these varieties into seven clusters. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 96% of the total variation observed in this germplasm came from within the populations, while 4% of the variation emanated among the populations. The biochemical analyses revealed the significant increased activity of anaerobically induced enzymes. Furthermore, to understand the insight of molecular mechanisms underlying the internode elongation of deep water rice, whole genome transcriptomics study was initiated. KEGG annotation revealed the enrichment of differentially expressed genes in several metabolic pathways including plant hormonal signal, secondary metabolite, cysteine-methionine and tryptophan. Among DEGs identified, most interestingly, we found the upregulation of genes like ERFO65, ERF051, ACO2, SAUR31, CYP93G2 and downregulation of ERF3(ERF076), ACO1, WRKY21, ABA8OX3, JA1 in internodal and nodal tissues signifies the possibility of its involvement role in imparting adaptability to Negheri Bao rice in response to deepwater stress. Among the transcription factor genes, the ERF family genes were expressed especially at high levels during submergence. Our results highlight the genes that contribute to the essential mechanisms of deep-water tolerance in rice, including carbohydrate metabolism, pyrophosphate-dependent energy conservation, and ethylene signaling pathways.