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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola was established on 20th October, 1969 with its head-quarter at Akola. This Agricultural University was named after the illustrious son of Vidarbha Dr. Panjabrao (alias Bhausaheb) Deshmukh, who was the Minister for Agriculture,Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of this university is spread over the eleven districts of Vidarbha. According to the University Act 1983 (of the Government of Maharashtra), the University is entrusted with the responsibility of agricultural education, research and extension education alongwith breeder and foundation seed programme.
The University has its main campus at Akola. The instructional programmes at main campus are spread over in 5 Colleges namely, College of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Post Graduate Institute. At this campus 4 degree programmes namely B.Sc.(Agri.) B.Sc. (Hort.), B.Sc. (Forestry) and B.Tech. (Ag. Engg.) , two Master’s Degree Programmes viz. M.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) and Doctoral Degree Programmes in the faculties of Agriculture and Agril. Engineering are offered.
The University has its sub-campus at Nagpur with constituent College, College of Agriculture which offers B.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Sc.(Agri.) degree programmes. The Nagpur Campus is accomplished with a garden, surrounded by its natural beauty and a well established Zoo which attract the general public and visitors to the city. A separate botanic Garden is being maintained on 22 hectares with a green house for the benefit of research workers.
In addition there are 2 affiliated grant-in-aid colleges and 14 private non-grant-in-aid colleges under the umbrella of this University
A Central Research Station is situated at the main Campus which caters to the need of research projects undertaken by Crop Scientists of the principle crops of the region are Cotton, Sorghum, Oilseeds and Pulses.
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ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC STUDIES IN AJWAIN (Trachyspermum ammi L.).(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2021-10-13) MORE, HITAISHI SUDHIR.; Ujjainkar, Dr. V. V.The present investigation entitled “Genetic Studies in Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.)’’ was carried out with twenty-six genotypes. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design with three replications during Rabi 2020-2021 at Chilli and Vegetable Research Unit Dr. PDKV, Akola. The observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants, from each genotype in each replication. The thirteen characters studied were days to first flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height at maturity, number of primary branches per plant, length of first internode, number of umbels per plant, number of umbellate per umbel, number of seeds per umbel, number of seeds per umbellate, diameter of main umbel, test weight and seed yield per plant. The data so obtained was subjected to analysis of variance, correlation studies and path analysis. Genotypes, PDKV AJ 11, PDKV AJ 10, PDKV AJ 16, PDKV AJ 06, PDKV AJ 04, PDKV AJ 09, PDKV AJ 20, PDKV AJ 12, AA-19-01, PDKV AJ 18, PKV-07AA-2 and PDKV AJ 22 found high potential for seed yield, whereas PDKV AJ 14, PDKV AJ 19, PDKV AJ 02, PDKV AJ 04, PDKV AJ 18, PDKV AJ 20 were the early maturing genotypes. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits under study. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). The high values of GCV and PCV observed for days to first flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height at maturity, number of primary branches per plant, length of first internode, number of umbels per plant, number of umbellate per umbel, number of seeds per umbel, number of seeds per umbellate, diameter of main umbel, test weight and seed yield per plant. High heritability was observed for test weight followed by number of umbels per plant, seed yield per plant, days to first flowering, number of seeds per umbel, number of umbellate per umbel and days to 50 per cent flowering. High genetic advance was observed for number of seeds per umbel, number of umbels per plant, days to first flowering and plant height at maturity. Seed yield per plant was significant and positively correlated with days to first flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height at maturity, number of primary branches per plant, number of umbels per plant and number of umbellate per umbel. The path coefficient analysis revealed that days to 50 per cent flowering, number of primary branches, length of first internode, number of umbels per plant, number of umbellate per umbel, number of seeds per umbellate and test weight showed positive direct effect on seed yield per plant. Hence, these characters may be given consideration while formulating selection indices for the improvement programme in ajwain.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDIES IN AMERICAN COTTON (Gossypium hirsutum L.)(2021-09-20) WANKAR, AKSHAY DNYANDEO.; DESHMUKH, Dr. D. T.A study “GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDIES IN AMERICAN COTTON (Gossypium hirsutum L.)” was undertaken to estimate the degree of divergence among the forty genotypes of upland cotton using multivariate Mahalanobis D2 statistics at Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among forty genotypes for all eleven characters. This is also confirmed by Wilk’s criterion. The canonical analysis revealed that about 78.09 per cent of the total variation was accounted by the first five canonical roots. In vector I, halo length was important sources of variation. Whereas days to 50 per cent flowering was important sources of variation in vector II. In vector III, days to 50 per cent boll bursting, in vector IV days to 50 per cent boll bursting, in vector V, Boll weight played important role in genetic variation. seed cotton yield per plant, halo length, number of bolls per plant and ginning percentage were contributing towards genetic divergence. By using Tocher’s method, all forty genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster I had highest number of genotypes (21) followed by cluster II (15), cluster V (2) and cluster III and IV represented by single genotypes. The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster V and cluster II (D = 9.33). Hence the genotypes occured in cluster V and II may be utilized in breeding programme to get more heterosis for yield and yield contributing traits viz. number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed index, seed cotton yield per plant, days to 50 per cent flowering and days to 50 per cent boll bursting. These cross combinations may also yield good transgressive segregants.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF ORGANICALLY GROWN COTTON GENOTYPES FOR INSECT PESTS TOLERANCE.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2021-08-21) AHERKAR, SHRADHA SHRIKANT.; Deshmukh, Dr. S. B.The research work entitled, “Evaluation of organically grown cotton genotypes for insect pest tolerance” conducted at Centre of Organic Agriculture Research and Training (COART), Department of Agronomy, Dr. PDKV, Akola during the kharif season 2020-21; was undertaken to study the reaction of cotton genotypes against insect-pest under organic condition as well as to study the correlation between the insect-pest with its associated characters and seed cotton yield. The experiment comprised of 22 cotton genotypes (20 SGF cotton genotypes and one resistant check DHY-286 and one susceptible check DCH-32) which were replicated thrice under Randomized Block Design. The data regarding sucking pest was recorded at 45, 60, 90 and 120 DAS, whereas, per cent bollworm infestation was recorded at 60, 90 and 120 DAS. In the similar way, data of morpho-physiological characters i.e. number of gossypol glands per cm2, hair (trichomes) density per cm2 and chlorophyll content index; data of biochemical characters i.e. total soluble sugar, total nitrogen and crude protein was recorded at 45, 60, 90 and 120 DAS. The observations on yield and yield contributing characters i.e. days to 50 per cent flowering, days to 50 per cent boll bursting, plant height, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, number of sympodia per plant, number of monopodia per plant and seed cotton yield were recorded at maturity stage of the cotton crop. From the present study, it was concluded that, genotypes AKH-9916, AV-C14, DHY-286, AKH 09-5, Nirmal 996 and GA-8004 recorded maximum trichome density per cm2 as well as maximum gossypol glands per cm2, however, on the other hand, less amount of chlorophyll content, total soluble sugar, total nitrogen and crude protein was recorded in these genotypes. These genotypes also recorded least population of aphids, leafhoppers, thrips and less per cent bollworm infestation. Whereas, genotypes GH-8032, DCH-32, Chetna-S1, Raja-954 and Bhakti-245 had tolerant reaction towards whitefly and showed less trichome density per cm2 and less gossypol glands per cm2 but these genotypes recorded higher content of chlorophyll, total soluble sugar, total nitrogen and crude protein. The American cotton varieties AKH 09-5, GH-8001E and Suraj, American cotton hybrid Nirmal 996, desi cotton variety GA-8004 and desi cotton hybrid Namaskar_Gold-81 recorded comparatively higher yield and higher mean values for trichome density per cm2 and gossypol glands per cm2 and lower mean values for chlorophyll content, total soluble sugar, total nitrogen and crude protein under unprotected organic conditions which are desirable from pest tolerance point of view. The correlation studies revealed that, trichome density and gossypol glands had negative and significant correlation with aphids, leafhoppers and thrips but had positive and significant correlation with whitefly. Whereas, total soluble sugar, total nitrogen as well as crude protein had positive and significant correlation with aphids, leafhoppers and thrips but had negative significant correlation with whitefly. On the other hand, the bollworm damage had negative and significant correlation with trichome density. However, positive and significant correlation was also observed between the bollworm damage and chlorophyll content, total soluble sugar, total nitrogen and crude protein.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC DIVERGENCE, STABILITY AND BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS IN FOXTAIL MILLET (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv).(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2022-03-11) KARVAR, SUKHADEV HANUMANT.; Vaidya, Dr. E. R.The present investigation on “Genetic divergence, stability and biochemical analysis in foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv).” was carried out to estimate the amount of genetic divergence, stability analysis and biochemical analysis of grain for Fe and Zn content from different genotypes of foxtail millet received from NBPGR, Akola center. The experiment was carried out across two seasons and three locations during Kharif-2018 and Kharif-2019 at Department of Agricultural Botany, Dr. PDKV, Akola, Agriculture Research Station, Buldhana and Regional Fruit Research Station, Katol. The experimental material comprised of 50 foxtail millet genotypes were evaluated in randomized block design (RBD) along with two standard checks with three replications. The data was recorded on twelve characters viz., days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, total number of tillers per plant, number of productive tillers per plant, pant height (cm), panicle length (cm), panicle girth (cm), grain yield per plant (gm), straw yield per plant (gm), 1000-grain weight (gm), two nutritional grain Iron content mg/kg) and grain Zinc content (mg/kg). Analysis of variance revealed that the mean sum of squares due to the genotypes and environment were highly significant for all the traits, which clearly indicated the presence of substantial genetic variability for all the characters that can be exploited in desirable direction for further breeding programme. Among the 52 genotypes, IC-120235 recorded highest mean grain yield/plant, straw yield/plant, maximum panicle length, 1000 grain weight and grain Fe content. Genotype IC-97177 recorded less days to 50% flowering and days to maturity, IC-120234 recorded highest total number of tillers and productive tillers, IC-120149 recorded highest plant height, IC-120200 highest panicle girth, IC-120213 recorded highest grain Zn content. Diversity analysis from pooled data, all the genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster I was the largest involving 48 genotypes from different geographical origin. The remaining clusters (III, V, VI and VII) are monogenic contained only one genotype belonging to diverse origin. Among the 10 quantitative and two nutritional characters studied the most important character contributing to the divergence was grain yield per plant, straw yield per plant, panicle girth, 1000-grain weight, days to maturity, number of productive tillers per plant, total number of tillers per plant. In pooled data, maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster I. The maximum inter-cluster distance was found between cluster II and cluster IV followed by cluster III and cluster V and cluster II and cluster III indicating the high diversity among the genotypes of these cluster. In case cluster mean performance, genotype group into cluster II had highest yields for grain yield/plant associated high panicle length, straw yield/plant, 1000 grain weight, grain Fe content and grain Zn content having low days to 50% flowering and days to maturity. Genotype group in cluster III had high total number of tillers and productive tillers. Genotype group in cluster III had high plant height associated with panicle girth. In genetic diversity analysis some of the germplasm were totally diverse and exhibited great opportunity for generating variation for the important economic attributes in foxtail millet. On the basis of diversity parameters genotype viz., IC-120235 found to be more diverse in all environments followed by IC-120149, IC-120234, IC-120244 and IC-120200. Analysis of variance revealed that the mean sum of squares due to the genotypes were highly significant for all the traits, which clearly indicated the presence of substantial genetic variability for all the characters that can be exploited in desirable direction for further breeding programme. On the basis of overall environments analysis, the mean squares due to environments showed highly significant differences for all the characters indicating the validity of conducted experiment in these environments. The mean squares due to genotype x environment interaction were found to be significant for few characters. On overall basis, as the grain yield is important character for stability point of view, the genotypes viz., IC-120150, IC-120166, IC-120235 and Lepakshi had observed average stability. The genotypes viz., IC-97109, IC-97195, IC-97196, IC-120149, IC-120200, IC-120213, IC-120255 and IC-326779 were grouped as below average stable and suitable for favourable environments and genotypes viz., IC-97105, IC-97167, IC-326751 and PS4 showed above average stability and well adapted to poor environments. One genotype viz., IC-120235 and Lepakshi exhibited stable performance for yield and yield contributing traits over pooled environments. For biochemical parameters grain Fe and Zn content, none of the genotypes shows average stability. For grain Fe content, seven genotypes were grouped as below average stable and four genotypes showed above-average stability. For grain Zn content, two genotypes were grouped as below average stable and six genotypes showed above-average stability. Based on genetic diversity and stability analysis studies, the genotype IC-120235 was found to be more diverse as well as stable and could be used for further improvement in foxtail millet.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS IN VEGETABLE AND GRAIN TYPE SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L.) Merrill).(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2021-01-01) SONKAMBLE, PRITI ARVIND.; SONKAMBLE, PRITI ARVIND.; SONKAMBLE, PRITI ARVIND.; SONKAMBLE, PRITI ARVIND.; Nandanwar, Dr. R. S. Dr. R. S.; Nandanwar, Dr. R. S. Dr. R. S.; Nandanwar, Dr. R. S. Dr. R. S.The present investigation entitled “Genetic and molecular analysis in vegetable and grain type soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)” was undertaken to characterize and analyse proximate composition of vegetable and grain type soybean genotypes, genetic inheritance of contrasting characters and characterization of promising crosses at molecular level. Morphological characterization and genetic variability studies were carried out using fourteen soybean genotypes including seven each of grain and vegetable types during Kharif 2016-17. The experimental populations of five different crosses (F1’s, backcrosses with both parents and F2) were developed during Kharif 2016-17 to 2017-18 for genetic inheritance studies. Evaluation of all the populations along with their parents and molecular work was carried out at experimental field of Department of Agricultural Botany and Biotechnology Centre, Dr. PDKV, Akola, respectively during 2018-19. Ten characters were recorded for morphological characterization of soybean genotypes and categorized based on the expression of distinguishable morphological traits with two to four expressions. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences among the genotypes for different traits. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). The high values of GCV and PCV observed for 100 green seed (bean) weight, 100 seed (matured) weight, seed yield per plant, green seed (bean) yield per plant and harvest index. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of seed per pod, green pod weight per plant, 100 green seed (bean), 100 seed weight, green seed (bean) yield per plant, seed yield per plant, harvest index, oil content, protein content, iron content, zinc content and trypsin inhibitor content showed preponderance of additive gene effects in expression of these traits. Among the soybean genotypes, Swarna Vasundhara was found promising for green pod weight, seed yield per plant, harvest index and protein content at R6 stage. The genotype AGS-450 exhibited high iron with low trypsin content whereas, AGS-459 exhibited high sugar and zinc content with aroma, soft texture and sweet taste. Eight contrasting characters (leaf shape, flower colour, pod pubescence, pod pubescence colour, pod colour, plant height, seed colour and seed shape) used for genetic inheritance studies. All contrasting traits were governed by single gene with complete dominance, except leaf shape in crosses Swarna Vasundhara X JS(SH)93-37 and AGS-339 X JS(SH)93-37, plant height in three crosses viz. Swarna Vasundhara X JS(SH)93-37, GC-84501-32-01 X JS(SH)93-37and AGS-450 X JS(SH)93-37 and seed shape in cross Swarna Vasundhara X JS(SH)93-37 showed complementary gene interaction (9:7). Plant height also showed duplicate gene interaction (15:1) in cross AGS-339 X JS(SH)93-37 and seed colour in cross Swarna Vasundhara X JS(SH)93-37 showed supplementary gene interaction (9:3:4) indicating two genes were responsible for these traits. Characterization of fourteen soybean genotypes and six parents along with sixteen selected desirable lines of five crosses carried out by using molecular markers. Among soybean genotypes, thirteen SSR primers found polymorphic and the similarity matrix coefficient ranged from 0.323 to 0.905. Eleven SSR primers (Simple sequence repeat) were found to be polymorphic among the six parents and their selected lines and the similarity matrix coefficient ranged from 0.310 to 0.818. Dendrogram analysis depicted six clusters with huge genetic diversity in all soybean genotypes including vegetable and grain type whereas, three clusters in parents and desirable lines at molecular level. Present investigation on characterization and genetic variability can be used to measure the extent of variation in various morphological characters, transmissibility of character from parent to their offspring and genetic gain from the selection applied in population. Genetic inheritance studies can guide soybean breeders for transfer of contrasting traits in desirable genotypes by using appropriate breeding strategy and molecular characterization study will be helpful in identification of genetically diverse soybean genotypes, parents and advanced lines for broadening the genetic base and improving the breeding efficiency.ThesisItem Open Access Genetic and stability analysis in F6 and F7 population of vegetable and grain type soybean (Glycine max (l.) Merrill.).(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2021-09-08) PARDESHI, PRIYA PRADIPSINGH.; Nandanwar, Dr. R. S.Vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill] is rich in protein than any other pulse crop. It is also a rich source of calcium, iron, zinc potassium, ascorbic acid, and vitamin E. So, it can be a better fresh vegetable source to combat malnutrition in India. After harvesting pods at the green stage, the leaves can be used as green manure. With all these advantages, the vegetable soybean is not popular in India. Hence, an attempt has been made to screen the vegetable soybean based on physiological parameters, yield, yield attributes, the present study was carried out to know variability, heritability and association, and stability among various traits in a set of vegetable genotypes. The study was carried out in two Kharif season viz., Kharif 2017-18, and Kharif 2018-19. In Kharif 2017-18, 80 advanced genotypes derived from cross of vegetable and grain type soybean advanced population were analyzed for the presence of trait variation at Seed Testing Research Unit (STRU), Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth (Dr. PDKV), Akola. During the subsequent season, Kharif, 2018-19 selected 21 lines of vegetable soybean were assessed for the stability of yield, carbohydrate (%), protein content (%), and oil content (%) at R6 stage across the three different locations of Maharashtra. Eighty selected lines were evaluated by using randomized block design with three replicates for the estimation of genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation. ANOVA revealed the presence of statistically significant treatment mean sum of squares for all the nineteen characters studied. The greater value of PCV and GCV were noted for green pod yield per plant, 100 green seed weight per plant, 100 mature seed weight, green seed yield per plant, seed weight per plant, carbohydrate content in the R8 stage. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance over a mean (GAM) was observed for most of the quantitative and qualitative traits. Association analysis revealed the positive association between green pod yield per plant (g) with 100 green and mature seed weight and green seed yield per plant. Micronutrient analysis revealed that at green stage line VS-1-13-17 and line VS-1-16-17 had maximum zinc content while, line VS-4-184-17, line VS-5-276-17, and line VS-3-99-17 had highest Iron content, copper content, and magnesium content respectively. On the bases of desirable traits, superior lines have been selected. Selected 21 lines of vegetable soybean were assessed for the stability of selected traits. The AMMI analysis of variance indicated highly significant effects of the environment (E), genotype (G), and genotype × environment (GE) effects for all three yields contributing trait. Most stable genotype for green pod yield and green seed yield per plant across the location was VS-2-141-17, VS-3-99-17, and VS-5-276-17,100 green seed weight, line VS-3-99-17, VS-4-245-17, VS-5-265-17, VS-5-173-17 identified as a stable line while, for oil content line VS-1-28-17, VS-1-80-17, VS-4-227-17, VS-2-141-17, and VS-4-198-17 found stable. Considering carbohydrate content most of the genotype under consideration was found to be stable. For protein content in green stage lines VS-1-28-17, VS-1-80-17, VS-2-128-17, VS-4-227-17, VS-4-238-17, VS-5-276-17, and VS-5-266-17 found to be stable across the location. We also studied the genetic diversity of using 60 polymorphic SSR markers. A total of 203 alleles were detected across the 21 genotypes with a mean of 3.96 alleles that ranged from 2 to 8 alleles per locus. The polymorphism information content varied from 0.05 to 0.85 with an average value of 0.60. The variation of 0.25 to 0.58 with a mean of 0.43 was observed for Jaccard's dissimilarity coefficient. Cluster analyses grouped genotypes into three major clusters depicting the diversity of the vegetable soybean lines. The same has also been validated through principal coordinate analysis. The evaluation of agro-physiological traits also showed the presence of wide variation among lines. Along with that morphological and biochemical characters were used to develop the identification key for the establishment of distinctness among these advanced lines. According to the scorecard of organoleptic evaluation line VS-1-75-17, VS-4-223 -17, VS-5-273-17 and VS-4-244-17 was the best genotypes for the color and appearance, texture, aroma, taste, and overall acceptability. Lines identify in the present study can be used for further breeding program.
