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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola was established on 20th October, 1969 with its head-quarter at Akola. This Agricultural University was named after the illustrious son of Vidarbha Dr. Panjabrao (alias Bhausaheb) Deshmukh, who was the Minister for Agriculture,Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of this university is spread over the eleven districts of Vidarbha. According to the University Act 1983 (of the Government of Maharashtra), the University is entrusted with the responsibility of agricultural education, research and extension education alongwith breeder and foundation seed programme.
The University has its main campus at Akola. The instructional programmes at main campus are spread over in 5 Colleges namely, College of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Post Graduate Institute. At this campus 4 degree programmes namely B.Sc.(Agri.) B.Sc. (Hort.), B.Sc. (Forestry) and B.Tech. (Ag. Engg.) , two Master’s Degree Programmes viz. M.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) and Doctoral Degree Programmes in the faculties of Agriculture and Agril. Engineering are offered.
The University has its sub-campus at Nagpur with constituent College, College of Agriculture which offers B.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Sc.(Agri.) degree programmes. The Nagpur Campus is accomplished with a garden, surrounded by its natural beauty and a well established Zoo which attract the general public and visitors to the city. A separate botanic Garden is being maintained on 22 hectares with a green house for the benefit of research workers.
In addition there are 2 affiliated grant-in-aid colleges and 14 private non-grant-in-aid colleges under the umbrella of this University
A Central Research Station is situated at the main Campus which caters to the need of research projects undertaken by Crop Scientists of the principle crops of the region are Cotton, Sorghum, Oilseeds and Pulses.
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ThesisItem Open Access UTILIZATION OF TAMARIND (Tamarindus indica) CRUSHED SEEDS AS PROTEIN SOURCE FOR COW HEIFERS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-11) MANCHALWAR, AMOL OMPRAKASH; Kahate, Dr. P. A.The study entitled “Utilization of tamarind crushed seeds as protein source for cow heifers” was conducted for period of 90 days. Twenty heifers were divided into five groups on the nearness of age and weight. Five feeding treatments were studied namely T1 (Dry roughages + Green roughages + Concentrate (control), T2 (Dry roughages + Green roughages + 80%Concentrate + 20% tamarind crushed seeds), T3 (Dry roughages + Green roughages + 70% Concentrate + 30% tamarind crushed seeds), T4 (Dry roughages + Green roughages + 60% Concentrate + 40% tamarind crushed seeds), T5 (Dry roughages + Green roughages +50% Concentrate + 50% tamarind crushed seeds), was fulfilled requirement of cow heifers in all treatments. It was observed that, readymade concentrate containing 89.20, 19.65, 6.55, 6.10, 60.13 and 7.58 percent of DM, CP, EE, CF, NFE and Total ash, respectively. Daily DM intake differed significantly between the treatments. The heifers from T3 groups consumed more DM than that of T5,T4, T2 and T1 heifers groups. The daily DM intake observed in treatment groups T1, T2, T3 , T4 and T5 were 3.05, 3.07, 3.39, 3.25 and 3.07 kg, respectively.. This trend thus indicated that there was increase in the daily DM intake when a 30% tamarind crushed seeds was incorporated with 70% concentrate in the rations of heifers. Weight gain per day was found higher in T3. All the heifers exhibited satisfactory growth rate 0.245 to 0.293 kg per day and differences were significant. The per kg gain of body weight was higher in T3 treatment. It was over experimental result, the treatment T3 showed better and desirable result as compared with T1, T2, T4 and T5 treatment. There for feeding cost was desirable (Rs.477.75 Rs) in T3 treatment. Growth rate was higher in feeding in heifers feed 70% concentrate mixture with 30 % tamarind crushed seeds than other group.ThesisItem Open Access GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF GIR HEIFER ON FEEDING OF JOWAR STRAW IN COMBINATION WITH SOYBEAN STRAW.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-08-02) DIBRAGEDE, HENCY.; Chavan, Dr. S. D.The study entitled “Growth performance of Gir heifer on feeding of jowar straw in combination with soybean straw” was conducted for period of 120 days. Six Gir heifers were divided into two groups on the nearness of age and weight. Three feeding treatment were studied namely T1 (Jowar straw 100% + hybrid napier + concentrate), T2 (50% Jowar straw + 50% Soybean straw + hybrid napier + concentrate), T3 ( 50% Jowar straw + 50% Salt treated Soybean straw + hybrid napier +concentrate) to fulfil requirement of gir heifer in all treatments. Dry, green fodder and concentrate mixture were provided as per thumb rule. It was observed that soybean and 2% salt treated soybean straw was containing 7.64,1.73, 38.94, 41.31, 11.89 and 8.75,1.75, 37.89, 39.16,11.94 per cent, CP, EE, NFE, CF and ash while jowar straw was containing 2.75, 2.90, 50.47, 35.42 and 8.68 per cent CP, EE, NFE, CF and ash respectively.Daily DM intake differed non- significantly between the treatments. The heifer from T3 groups consumed more DM than that of T1 and T2 heifers. The average daily dry matter intake was 6.51, 6.68 and 7.05 kg/day/heifer in T1, T2 and T3 groups respectively. This trend thus indicated that there was increase in the daily DM intake when 2% salt treated soybean straw and jowar straw was incorporated as roughage in the rations of heifer. Weight gain per day was found higher in combination feeding of jowar and salt treated soybean straw. All the heifers exhibited satisfactory growth rate of 358 to 470 g per day and differences were significant. The per kg gain of body weight was higher in T3 treatment. It was over experimental result, the treatment T3 showed better and desirable result when compared with T1 and T2 treatment. Therefore, feeding cost was desirable in T3. Growth rate was higher in heifers fed combination of jowar and salt treated soybean straw than sole feed of jowar and combination of jowar and soybean straw and was found economical for gain in weight in Gir heifers.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF CHALLENGE FEEDING ON PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMICS OF MILK PRODUCTION OF CROSSBRED COWS(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-07-04) NEERAJ, SINGH.; Kahate, Dr. P.A.The aim of present study was to find out the effect of ‘challenge feeding’ on performance and economics of milk yield of crossbred cows. Eighteen advance pregnant crossbred cows were selected 60 days before expected date of calving and were divided into 3 groups i.e. control (T1), treatment (T2) and (T3) on the basis of milk yield, parity and body weight for this study. During the pre-partum period, animals of T1 control group were fed 1 kg concentrate for maintenance per day from 60th day to prior to calving till the day of parturition. T2 group animals were fed 1 kg concentrate for maintenance plus 1.5 kg concentrate as challenge feed per day from 60th day to 22nd day prior to calving and from 22nd day prior to calving till parturition animals were fed 1 kg concentrate for maintenance plus 2 kg concentrate as challenge feed per day. T3 group animals were fed 1 kg concentrate for maintenance plus 2 kg concentrate as challenge feed per day from 60th day to 22nd prior to calving and from 22nd prior to calving till parturition animals were fed 1 kg concentrate for maintenance plus 2.5 kg concentrate as challenge feed per day. During the postpartum period, animals of T1, T2and T3 group were fed based on their milk yield as per thumb rule i.e. 1 kg concentrate per day for maintenance and 1 kg concentrate per 2.5 kg of milk production. The overall mean daily milk yield per animal was significantly higher (P<0.05) in T3 (11.03 kg) as compared to T2 (9.85 kg) & T1 (6.96 kg). The difference in mean calf birth weight T1, T2 and T3 was 19.9, 23.5 & 24.6 kg respectively. The mean daily colostrum yield T1, T2 and T3 was 5.12, 6.66 & 7.32 kg respectively. Number of days taken to achieve peak yield T1, T2 and T3 was 40.33, 49.33 & 53.66 days and T1 groups achieve earlier as compare to T2 and T3 and were significant. The differences in mean fat, SNF, lactose and total solid were significant effect and Protein was found in non-significant effect. The cost of milk production was Rs. 25.90, 23.79 and 23.72 in T1, T2 and T3 group respectively. It was concluded that the practice of challenge feeding of crossbred cows improved the production performance during early lactation without affecting their peri-parturient health and was found to be economical.ThesisItem Open Access MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOLLOWED BY LIVESTOCK OWNERS UNDER UNIVERSITY ADOPTED VILLAGE REDWA OF AKOLA DISTRICT.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-11) SHELKE, NILESH RAJENDRA.; Chavan, Dr. S. D.The present investigation entitled “Management Practices Followed by Livestock Owners Under University Adopted Village Redwa of Akola District”, a survey was carried out by selecting 84 livestock owners from Redwa village according to land holdings and the selected livestock owners were stratified in to five different groups i.e. landless (with no land), marginal (up to 1 ha), small (1.01 to 2 ha), medium (2.01 to 4 ha) and large (above 4 ha) were selected on basis of livestock population. The overall gap in feeding management practices in livestock was worked out to 47.60 and 47.72 per cent for green fodder and concentrates, respectively. Dry fodder was fed in excess to dairy cattle to the extent of 26.19 per cent over the recommended feeding practices. The adoption of scientific recommendations in management of livestock was merge. Feeding of balanced ration with dry, green and concentrates in required proportion, processing of roughages and concentrates, chaffing of green and dry fodder was adopted by very less number of livestock owners. Livestock owners educated up to high school level had taken interest in rearing the cattle. Livestock owners with higher education kept themselves away from dairy business, because of their other employment opportunities. Majority of livestock owners engaged in rearing livestock were related with agriculture than the business and service. Majority of livestock owners 78.57 per cent provided kaccha type of housing structure and 80.95 per cent provided kaccha type of flooring. About 53.57 per cent provided galvanized iron sheets as a roofing material and 33.33 per cent livestock owners having manger availability. Majority of 73.80 per cent livestock owners got vaccinated their livestock against various disease and similarly 54.76 per cent livestock owners adopted eradication of ectoparasite. Only 25.00 per cent of livestock owners adopted deworming practices. About 47.61 per cent livestock owner were adopting stripping method of milking followed by full hand and knuckling method 26.19 per cent. About 15.47 per cent of livestock owners adopted the regular washing of animal and majority of 75.00 per cent of livestock owners adopted washing of udder before milking. About 27.38 per cent of livestock owners observed heat by mucus discharge while, 42.15 per cent observed heat through bellowing of animal. About 70.23 per cent livestock owners mated their cattle within 12 hrs and 29.76 per cent during 12 to 18 hrs. About 63.09 per cent adopted natural method of mating while 36.90 per cent adopted artificial insemination and 66.66 per cent used non-descript type of bull for mating. It was concluded from the present study that, the majority of the livestock owners were not well aware about feeding and management practices. There is major gap in existing and recommended feeding practices. The livestock owners need to be given sufficient training on the livestock feeding and management practices.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON SUPPLEMENTATION OF LINSEED (Linum usitatissimum) OIL IN THE FEED OF GIRIRAJA POULTRY BIRDS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-08-02) PISAL, NITIN RAMHARI.; Shegokar, Shri. S. R.The present investigation entitled “Studies on Supplementation of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum ) oil in the feed of Giriraja Poultry Birds.” was carried out to assess the effect of feeding Linseed oil on Live body weights, Body weights gain, weekly Feed consumption, Cumulative feed consumption, Feed conversion ratio (FCR), Dressing percentage, fatty acid profile of breast and thigh muscle, Mortality percentage, Sensory quality of breast and thigh meat and Economics of Giriraja poultry birds production. 150 day old straight run commercial Giriraja chicks were procured from Government regional hatchery Nagpur. They were randomly and equally distributed into five treatment groups T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 with 30 numbers of chicks in each group. Linseed oil were added in experimental ration at different levels. The dietary treatments consisted of one basal T1 (control), supplemented with T2 (2% Linseed oil) T3, (3% Linseed oil), T4, (4% Linseed oil), and T5 (5% Linseed oil). The average live body weight at seventh weeks of age was 1271.60, 1343.40, 1478.73, 1370.23 and 1253.03 (g/birds) in T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatments groups respectively. The corresponding weekly body weights gain at the end of seven weeks of age were 312.97, 339.83, 372.33, 325.50 and 318.53 (g/birds) in T1 to T5 treatment groups, respectively. The average total weekly feed consumption g/birds during the experimental period at end of seventh week was recorded as 677.0, 682.8, 669.7, 673.9, and 672.4 for T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatment groups respectively. The cumulative feed consumption at seventh weeks of age were 2650.9, 2676.9, 2648.4, 2655.0 and 2614.8 (g/birds) in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 treatment groups respectively. The Feed conversion ratio of various groups at seventh week in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were 2.11, 1.98, 1.79, 1.94 and 2.09 respectively. The average dressing percentage among the different treatment group varied between 70.52 to 69.11 percent. Numerically higher dressing percentage was recorded in treatment T3 (74.51). The fatty acid profile of breast and thigh muscle recorded in per cent all treatment groups were significant. However the highest value breast muscle in of total n-3 in T5 (11.93), T4 (8.45) and T3 (6.14) lowest value T2 (2.55) and T1 (0.97) and thigh muscle are highest value of total n-3 in T5 (12.68), T4 (9.30) and T3 (6.39) lowest value T2 (2.80) and T1 (1.22). The overall mortality in Giriraja poultry birds of various groups during the experimental period was zero. The mean score of sensory quality of breast and thigh meat have all treatment groups were non significant.T3 group was superior in breast meat (7.6), (7.7), (7.9), (7.9) and (8.0) and thigh meat have (7.8), (8.0), (7.5), (7.8) and (7.8) under treatments groupsT1, T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively. The net profit per bird was highest in T3 (Rs.133.5) followed by T2 (112.26), T1 (109.22), T4 (106.42) and lowest in T5 (Rs.78.15). It was observed that treatments T3 and T2 were the most beneficial feeding of linseed oil on net return in Giriraja poultry birds as compared to T5 group.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF FEEDING CRUSHED TAMARIND (Tamarindus Indica) SEED ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF GROWING CALVES.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-08) TAYDE, RAHUL HARIDAS; Bidwe, Dr. K. U.The study entitled “Effect of feeding crushed tamarind seed on growth performance of growing calves” was conducted for period of 90 days. Twenty growing calves were divided into five groups on the nearness of age and weight. Four feeding treatments were studied namely T1 (Dry roughages + Green fodder + Concentrate), T2 (Dry roughages + Green fodder + 80% Concentrate + 20 % crushed tamarind seed), T3 (Dry roughages + Green fodder + 60% Concentrate + 40 % crushed tamarind seed), T4 (Dry roughages + Green fodder + 40% Concentrate + 60 % crushed tamarind seed. It was observed that the concentrate offered to the calves during experiment period by mixing with crushed tamarind seed were containing 90.20, 18.55, 6.44, 6.8, 60.98 and 7.23 per cent of DM, CP, EE, CF, NFE and Total ash, respectively. Daily DM intake differed significantly between the treatments. The calves from T3 groups consumed more DM than that of T4, T2 and T1 calves groups. The average daily DM intake was 1.96, 2.01, 2.08 and 1.99 kg/day/calves in T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups respectively. This trend thus indicated that there was increase in the daily DM intake when a crushed tamarind seed was incorporated as concentrate in the rations of calves. Weight gain per day per calves was found higher in treatment T3 (60 % concentrate + 20 % crushed tamarind seed). All the calves exhibited satisfactory growth rate of 0.238 to 0.296 kg per day and differences were significant. The per kg gain of body weight was higher in T3 treatment. It was over experimental result, the treatment T3 showed better and desirable result as compared with T1, T2 and T4 treatment. Therefore feeding cost was desirable (Rs.561.69) in T2 treatment. Growth rate was higher in calves when fed 60% concentrate mixture with 40 % crushed tamarind seeds in treatment T3 group than other group of treatment T1, T2 and T4 respectively.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES OF SILO TYPES ON QUALITIES OF SORGHUM SILAGE.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-07-24) PANDE, VAIBHAV ARUN; Bidwe, Dr. K. U.The present investigation entitled "Studies of silo types on qualities of sorghum silage" was conducted under Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Post Graduate Institute, Dr. PDKV, Akola for period of 120 day. Three treatments were studied namely T1 with sorghum silage from pit silo, T2 with Sorghum silage from tower silo, T3 with sorghum silage from plastic bag silo respectively. The fodder crops were ensiled in three different silo types. The pit, tower and plastic bag silos had the dimensions as 3.3×3.3×3.3 ft, 2 ft diameter × 4 ft depth (cylindrical shape) and 2.46×2.46×2.46 ft with the loading capacity of 5, 2.5 and 2 quintals of fodder, respectively. The densities of chopped fodder in silos were 13.91, 19.90 and 13.44 Kg per cubic feet for pit, tower and plastic bag silo respectively. Fodder was filled into the silos layer by layer compacted every layer by continuous treading to remove air and the silos were sealed immediately with an air-tight cover once it was filled. After 90 days of fermentation period, the three silos were opened and samples were used for analysis of physical quality, estimation of pH and chemical composition. The results revealed that pit silo had significantly (P<0.05) highest sensory score (colour, aroma and texture) followed by tower and plastic bag silo sorghum silage. The sensory score for colour were (3.67, 3.33 and 2.67), aroma (6.00, 5.33 and 5.00) and texture (3.50, 2.83 and 2.67) corresponding to T1 (pit silo), T2 (tower silo) and T3 (plastic bag silo), respectively. The flieg score of sorghum silage under various treatments i.e. T1, T2 and T3 were 114.07, 102.55 and 101.01 respectively. The lowest pH values were observed in pit (3.80) followed by tower (4.08) and plastic bag silos (4.13), respectively. The DM and CP value 30.50, 30.31, 30.61 per cent and 5.66, 5.53, 5.44 per cent, the CF and TA value were 32.61, 32.53, 32.85 per cent and 6.41, 6.61, 6.57 per cent, the EE and NFE were 1.64, 1.59, 1.45 per cent and 53.69, 53.74, 53.69 per cent corresponding to T1 (pit silo), T2 (tower silo) and T3 (plastic bag silo), respectively. Total cost of silage was more in T2 i.e. Rs.3510 whereas the cost of silage was less in T1 and T3 i.e. Rs.2340 and Rs.1460, respectively. From the present investigation it is observed that the silage prepared in pit silo (T1) was found superior in physical quality and pH than other treatments. For its proximate analysis the results were non-significant. This seems that use of tower and plastic bag can become an alternative to pit silo.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF MULBERRY LEAVES (Morus alba) POWDER IN THE FEED OF GIRIRAJA POULTRY BIRDS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-08-02) SHELAR, SUDHIR SAHEBRAO; Nage , Dr .S.P.The present investigation entitled “Effect of supplementation of mulberry leaves (Morus alba) powder in the feed of giriraja poultry birds.” was carried out to assess the effect of mulberry leaves powder on body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion efficiency (FCR), dressing percentage and economics of giriraja poultry birds production. One hundred fifty chicks of day old straight run commercial Giriraja breed were procured from Govt Regional Hatchery, Nagpur (Maharashtra). They were randomly and equally distributed into five treatment groups T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 with 30 numbers of chicks in each group. Mulberry leaves powder were added in experimental ration at different levels. The dietary treatments consisted of one basal control (T1), supplemented with 3 percent Mulberry leaves powder (T2), 6 percent Mulberry leaves powder (T3), 9 percent Mulberry leaves Powder (T4), and 12 percent Mulberry leaves powder (T5). The corresponding average live body weights at the end of seven weeks of age were 980.82, 1206.12, 1168.39, 1084.87 and 1033.92 gms, in T1,T2,T3,T4 &T5 treatment groups, respectively. The average weekly body weight gains at 7th week of age were 215.85, 288.63, 284.08, 243.72 and 233.73 gms. In T1,T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatments, respectively. The average weekly cumulative body weight gain at seventh week of age were recorded as 940.49, 1165.48, 1127.52, 1044.74 and 994.19 gms for T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatments, respectively. The average total weekly feed consumption gram/bird during the experimental period at the end of seventh week were recorded as 659.28, 648.40, 640.14, 630.39 and 622.46 gms. for T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatments groups, respectively. The cumulative feed consumption at 7th weeks of age were 2694.67, 2644.11, 2603.43, 2544.32 and 2515.89 gms, respectively in T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatments . The average weekly feed efficiency at seventh week age were 3.05, 2.24, 2.25, 3.00 and 2.66 in T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatments groups, respectively. The cumulative feed efficiency of various groups at 7th week from T1, T2, T3, T4 & T5 were 2.86, 2.26, 2.30, 2.43 and 2.52 respectively. The overall mortality in Giriraja poultry birds of various groups during the experimental period was zero. The average dressing percentage among the different treatment group varied between 68.00 to 73.0 percent. Numerically higher dressing percentage was recorded in treatment T2 (74.81). The net profit per bird was highest in T2 (₹96.28) followed by T3 (₹.88.67), T4 (₹.72.53),T5 (₹.62.05) and T1 (₹.50.73) the result therefore concludes that supplementation of 3 percent Mulberry leaves powder was beneficial to improve growth, feed efficiency, net profit and immune system of birds.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF TULSI (Ocimum sanctum L.) LEAVES EXTRACT ON QUALITY OF KULFI(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-07-04) JAMIR, BENDIR.; Gubbawar, Dr. S. G.Studies on “Effect of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum L.) Leaves Extract on the quality of kulfi” was carried out in the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during the year 2018-2019 with a view to utilize tulsi leaves extract in combination with cow milk for preparation of kulfi. The main objective of the present investigation were to find out acceptable level of tulsi leaves extract on quality of kulfi, to study sensory quality, to study the physic-chemical properties, and to work out the production cost of kulfi prepared from addition of tulsi leaves extract. The present investigation was made with an attempt to develop a herbal kulfi by partial addition with different level of tulsi leaves extract (Ocimum sanctum L.), evaluate the effect on quality by addition of tulsi extract. For control T1 kulfi was standardized to 10% milk fat, 15% sugar & 0.3% stabilizer, to obtain 37% total solids and treatment T2 was standardized to 10% fat, and partial addition of tulsi extract 2% and 0.3% stabilizer, T3 was standardized to 10% fat and 15% sugar and 0.3% stabilizer tulsi extract 4%. T4 was standardized to 10% fat and partial addition of tulsi extract 6% and 0.3% stabilizer and T5 was standardized to 10% fat and partial addition of tulsi extract 8% and 0.3% stabilizer. The total solid in control and treatment were adjusted by the addition of skim milk powder. The kulfi samples of different treatments and control were Physico-chemical analysis, fat percentage, total solids, acidity, protein, moisture, ash, was done for estimating its nutritional content and safety and Organoleptic characteristics like (flavour and taste, body and texture, colour and appearance) by using 100 point scale. The physico-chemical composition of kulfi i.e. fat, protein, titratable acidity and total solids was significantly decreased while moisture and ash percentage significantly increased with increase in the levels of Tulsi extract. The overall acceptability of the Tulsi extract score was in range between 80.45 to 92.33 from treatment T₁ to T₅. The superior treatment was T₃ which scored 92.33 of overall acceptability with 4 per cent Tulsi extract. As the level of Tulsi extract increased beyond treatment T₃ then the acceptability was decreased. Regarding cost of production of kulfi it was observed that the cost of kulfi decreased with the increased in the levels of Tulsi extract. The cost of most acceptable treatment prepared with 4 per cent Tulsi extract (T₃) was ₹144.46 per kg.
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