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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola was established on 20th October, 1969 with its head-quarter at Akola. This Agricultural University was named after the illustrious son of Vidarbha Dr. Panjabrao (alias Bhausaheb) Deshmukh, who was the Minister for Agriculture,Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of this university is spread over the eleven districts of Vidarbha. According to the University Act 1983 (of the Government of Maharashtra), the University is entrusted with the responsibility of agricultural education, research and extension education alongwith breeder and foundation seed programme.
The University has its main campus at Akola. The instructional programmes at main campus are spread over in 5 Colleges namely, College of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Post Graduate Institute. At this campus 4 degree programmes namely B.Sc.(Agri.) B.Sc. (Hort.), B.Sc. (Forestry) and B.Tech. (Ag. Engg.) , two Master’s Degree Programmes viz. M.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) and Doctoral Degree Programmes in the faculties of Agriculture and Agril. Engineering are offered.
The University has its sub-campus at Nagpur with constituent College, College of Agriculture which offers B.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Sc.(Agri.) degree programmes. The Nagpur Campus is accomplished with a garden, surrounded by its natural beauty and a well established Zoo which attract the general public and visitors to the city. A separate botanic Garden is being maintained on 22 hectares with a green house for the benefit of research workers.
In addition there are 2 affiliated grant-in-aid colleges and 14 private non-grant-in-aid colleges under the umbrella of this University
A Central Research Station is situated at the main Campus which caters to the need of research projects undertaken by Crop Scientists of the principle crops of the region are Cotton, Sorghum, Oilseeds and Pulses.
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ThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF SAMPLING UNITS AND DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF MAJOR PESTS OF OKRA.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2021-01-22) LONAGRE, SWATI GAJANAN.; Kolhe, Dr. A. V.The present investigation entitled “Assessment of sampling units and distribution pattern of major pests of okra.” conducted during kharif season for the year 2015-16 and 2016-17 at Experimental Farm of Department of Entomology, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. An experiment was laid in Randomized block design. Sampling units viz., number of leaves, shoots and fruiting bodies according to strata i. e. top, middle and bottom canopy of selected plants were evaluated to determine best sampling unit for sucking pests, fruit borer eggs and larvae, respectively. The size of plant samples for these pests was also optimized on okra. In the present investigation the predatory response of ladybird beetles and chrysopa under different densities of aphids and leafhopper was also determined. The result revealed that for counting of sucking pests, selection one each leaf from top, middle and bottom stratum of the plant gave highest population of sucking pests during both the season. Hence, this stratified sampling is appropriate and should be uses for counting of sucking pests on okra. The highest count of sucking pests (aphid, leafhopper and whitefly) was noted (No/leaf) in middle stratum of the okra crop as compared to top and bottom stratum of plant during morning hrs. Whereas, counts of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner eggs, selection of one each lateral shoot from top, middle and bottom stratum of the plant was found appropriate sampling method as it gives highest number of eggs count. However, for H. armigera larval count selection of all flowers and fruits on whole plant gave highest count. Hence, this method can be used for recording of fruit borer larvae on okra. The population of Helicoverpa armigera eggs and larva was significantly higher at top than middle and bottom stratum of plant. During kharif, 2015 the optimum sample size of 10.91, 4.90, 6.72, 3.93 and 5.49 plants was estimated for aphid, leafhopper, whitefly, Helicoverpa armigera eggs and larva respectively at their ETL, whereas, during kharif, 2016 such plant size was 10.19, 4.52, 5.17, 4.94 and 5.42 respectively estimated by N= (tS /Dx) 2 formula ( level one). The optimum sample size (33.58, 15.72, 20.89, 12.34 and 16.53) in 2015 and (31.36, 13.90, 16.13, 15.55 and 16.92) in 2016 at their ETL estimated by Nt=(Ss2/ns)+ Sp2/(D*x)2(level two) formula. For estimating the population of (sucking pests and fruit borer) at lower and higher plant density and at ETL the higher number of plant sampling is required at ETL than population at lower and higher density. The Comparison of the two different formulae i.e. N=((ts)/(dx))2(Level one) and Nt=(Ss2/ns)+Sp2/(D*x)2(level two) used for calculating the optimum sampling unit and sample size for major pest of okra. For sucking pests and fruit borer the actual sample units were 20 units. Estimated sample units can be calculated by using level one formula for sucking pest and for fruit borer was less. i.e.(10.91, 4.90, 6.72, 3.93 and 5.49) in 2015 and (10.19, 4.52, 5.17, 4.94 and 5.42) in 2016 than level two formula i.e.(33.58,15.72, 20.89, 12.34 and 16.53) in 2015 and (31.36, 13.90, 16.13, 15.55 and 16.92) in 2016.at their ETL. Hence, estimated more précised sampling unit and sample size by using N= (tS/Dx) 2 level one formula than Nt= (Ss2/ns) +Sp2/(D*x)2 level two formula. A study on the spatial distribution pattern (inter and intra plant) of sucking pests and fruit borer of okra revealed aggregated or clump type of distribution invariably on plant, various strata and growth stages of the crop. Various indices of dispersion were used to study the distribution pattern. In both seasons, the variance to mean ratios(s2/ x), were found to be less than unity, dispersion parameter ‘k’ was less than 8, the morisita index of aggregation (Iδ) were less than unity and David and Moore’s indices of clumping were negative. The number of prey consumed increases, the percentage of consumption decreases towards higher prey density which confirms type II response of prey predator relationship confirmed by this study conducted on C. sexmaculata and Chrysoperla carnae over their prey i.e. aphids and leafhopper. The highest prey consumption potential of C. sexmaculata (168.6 aphid and 66.2 leafhopper) and Chrysoperla carnae (145.3 aphids and 74.1 leafhoppers) was recorded at 24 hrs of prey offered. Similarly, the highest consumption rate of C. sexmaculata and Chrysoperla carnae for aphid 455.40% and 572.79%and for leafhopper 117.70% and 115.21% respectively was recorded at 24 hrs of prey offered. Whereas, highest predation efficiency of each C. sexmaculata and Chrysoperla carnae was recorded at prey density of 5 aphids and 10 leafhoppers.ThesisItem Open Access BIO-ECOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF RED SPIDER MITE, Tetranychus sp. ON OKRA.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2021-02-24) BORKAR, ARCHANA NARAYAN.; Kolhe, Dr. A. V.A study on “bio-ecological and toxicological investigations of red spider mite, Tetranychus sp. on okra” was conducted during Kharif, 2017 and 2018 at University Department of Agricultural Entomology, PGI, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. Seasonal abundance and monitoring study on spider mite and its predatory fauna on okra was also conducted at College of Agriculture, Nagpur and KVK, Sonapur, Gadchiroli. At Akola, spider mite and predatory fauna populations showed peak of 17.6 and 66.4 mites/ 2.5cm2 leaf area and 2.0 and 8.9 predators/ plant with 8.8:1 and 7.5:1 pest defender ratio i.e. red spider mite and predatory fauna ratio during Kharif, 2017 and 2018 respectively. At Gadchiroli, spider mite and predatory fauna showed peak of 15.5 and 19.9 mites/ 2.5cm2 leaf area and 1.4 and 2.7 predators/ plant with 11.1:1 and 7.4:1 pest defender ratio during Kharif, 2017 and 2018 respectively while, at Nagpur, spider mite and predatory fauna showed peak of 4.93 and 13.5 mites/ 2.5cm2 leaf area and 0.8 and 2.7 predators/ plant with 6.2:1 and 5.0:1 pest defender ratio during Kharif, 2017 and 2018 respectively. Spider mite showed significant and positive correlation with maximum temperature (0C) while, significant but negative correlation with relative humidity (morning and evening) (%) and rainfall (mm) and these factors together contributed 89 and 63% variability in spider mite population at Gadchiroli and Nagpur respectively. Predatory fauna showed a positive and significant correlation with spider mite. Morphological and molecular characterization of red spider mite of okra from aforesaid locations was done at Akola, CICR, Nagpur and AINPAA, GKVK, Bangalore. On the basis of the taxonomic keys and rDNA sequences of ITS2 region of red spider mite, registered under National Center for Biotechnology Information (Maryland, USA), red spider mite on okra was identified and confirmed as Tetranychus macfarlanei revealed predominant species in okra ecosystem and registered as a first record in Vidarbha by this study. In a study on biology of T. macfarlanei, male completed development earlier (9 days) as compare with female (10.32 days). Fecundity of mated female (52 eggs) is more than unmated female (33 eggs). Mated female produce progeny in ratio of 1 male: 4.1 female while, unmated female produces only male. Egg viability of 93.2 % was recorded. Adult longevity for male was 11.05 days while, it was 11.68 days for mated and 12.45 days for unmated female. In a study of Influence of insecticides on T. macfarlanei it was observed that, repeated use of chemical insecticides against early sucking pests and fruit borer on okra resulted in resurgence in T. macfarlanei. Highest resurgence was reported in thiodicarb (143.94%) and lambda-cyhalothrin (135.87%) in their recommended doses, followed by quinolphos (131.37 and 109.10 %) in its double and recommended dose. Resistance level of T. macfarlanei was assessed from different locations revealed that, Gadchiroli population showed a decreased sensitivity to spiromecifen (3.27 resistance ratio) indicating the initiation of resistance while, rest of the population of T. macfarlanei from Akola, Gadchiroli and Nagpur was found sensitive (1.47 to 2.39 resistance ratio) with no resistance development.ThesisItem Open Access EXPLORATION OF RESISTANCE SOURCES IN BRINJAL TO Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2021-02-23) THAKARE, VRUNDA SHRHARI.; Undirwade, Dr. D. B.Field evaluation of twenty-two brinjal genotypes/varieties against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, L. orbonalis Guenee was carried out during kharif 2017. The shoot infestation caused by L. orbonalis revealed that, genotype Susa local, AKB-46, AKB-62, and Jayant recorded significantly less infestation of 0.89, 1.92,1.99, and 2.04 -per cent respectively. While the fruit infestation on weight basis was lowest in Susa local (4.89 %), which was on statistically on par with AKB-46 (8.07 %), followed by AKB-31 (13.11 %), Jayant (14.24 %), AKB-62 (14.94 %). Whereas among tested genotypes, significantly lowest number basis fruit infestation noticed in genotype Susa local (4.52 %), on par with Pune Kateri (8.38 %), followed by AKB-46 (10.37 %) and Jayant (10.86 %). The result of interspecific hybridization revealed that five cross combinations were found successful among all the crosses performed in selected thirteen genotypes. Likewise, AKB-46 (F1), AKB-62 (F1), AKB-17-01 (F1), AKB-17-3 (F1), AKB-18-3 (F1) were obtained from crossing programme. The result of screening of promising genotypes of brinjal along with obtained F1 crosses against L. orbonalis revealed that Susa local (1.30 %), on par with AKB-46 (F1) (1.65 %), AKB-46 (1.97 %), AKB-62 (F1) (2.54 %), Jayant (2.54 %) and AKB-62 (2.58 %) were observed to suffer less shoot damage. In the case of weight basis fruit infestation, Susa local showed the lowest fruit infestation of 5.75 per cent, which was on par with AKB-46 (F1), (6.82 %), AKB-62 (F1), (9.77 %) and AKB-46 (10.32 %). While significantly lowest fruit infestation on a number basis was noticed in the genotype Susa local, about 4.05 per cent. While it was statistically on par with AKB-46 (F1) reflected 5.78 per cent infestation, and it was followed by genotype AKB-46 recording 8.56 per cent infestation. Biophysical and biochemical bases of resistance of brinjal genotypes to L. orbonalis were assessed. Biophysical studies revealed that the shoot thickness mainly governs the shoot infestation as it showed negative correlation (r = -0.648). The fruit infestation by L. orbonalis was mainly influenced by pericarp thickness (r= -0.801), moisture (r = 0.642), total sugars (r =0.898), and crude protein ((r = 0.755) which exerted significant and positive influence, while Total phenol content (r = -0.807) and polyphenol oxidase (r = -0.727) offered resistance mechanism against fruit borer infestation. The anatomical characters studied in the shoot of selected brinjal genotypes revealed that highly resistant (Susa local), resistant (AKB-46) and moderately resistant genotypes possessing thick cuticle, more collenchymatous tissue, compactly arranged epidermal cells, cortical tissue with less intercellular spaces, vascular tissue with lignified cells interfascicular region is composed of lignified tissues, well developed parenchymatous tissue, compact vascular bundles with less pith area. The non-preference mechanism of resistance against L. orbonalis, was studied in five genotypes of a wide array of the grade under single choice test and multiple-choice test in the net cages. The results indicated that highly susceptible cultivar Swetha was more preferred for oviposition under both the test condition than the susceptible genotype, AKB-77. While highly resistant Susa local cultivar and resistant genotype, AKB-46 was least preferred for oviposition. Moreover, the moderately resistant genotype gives a moderate response in the case of oviposition. The biophysical character trichome density on leaf lamina played a significant role in the ovipositional preference/non-preference of the female moth's test genotypes. Antibiosis mechanism of resistance studies showed a significantly lowest survival rate of larva on highly resistant (Susa local) and resistant (AKB-46) genotype ranging from 15 to 30 per cent. Similarly, a significantly minimum larval period of 8.76 days and maximum pupal period of 9.06 days was recorded in the resistant genotype, AKB-46. While the larva reared on highly resistant genotype, Susa local gained less weight of 36.23 mg and less pupal weight of 20.54 mg as against maximum 45.69 mg larval weight gained on highly susceptible cultivar Swetha. Highly resistant genotype Susa local recorded significantly lowest length of larva with 8.37 mm as against maximum larval length of 13.31 mm was noticed on the highly susceptible genotype Swetha. Biochemical constituents of genotypes mainly governed the antibiosis mechanism of resistance. High phenols and polyphenol oxidase activity in highly resistant genotypes had adversely affected larval survival, and weight gain parameters mainly influenced the antibiosis mechanism to the maximum extent. The result of Comparative digestive enzyme flexibility of L. orbonalis on selected brinjal genotypes revealed that the larvae feeding on resistant genotype AKB-31 had the most significant amylolytic activity (1.866 U/mg protein) followed by larva feeding on resistant cultivar Jayant 1.745 U/mg protein during the third instar. Simultaneously, the highest activity of protease was recorded in larvae collected from resistant genotype, AKB-62 (2.583 U/g protein). Similarly, the highest lipase activity was observed in a gut extract of third instar larvae collected from genotype AKB-46 (0.171 mg/ml/min protein). Molecular analysis of fourteen cultivated brinjal genotype along with one wild genotype was carried out using twenty-two primers. Out of twenty-two markers, the eight SSR, twelve ISSR markers were amplified polymorphic alleles. The twenty markers resulted in the amplification of 62 observable alleles with an average of 3.1 alleles per locus. Fifty-eight polymorphic alleles were amplified using the 20 molecular markers within the selected 15 brinjal genotypes. Among twenty-two markers, twenty markers were shown good polymorphism, and the remaining two were not amplified. Markers, EEMS-06, EEMS-21, EMS-48, EMS-107, EM-114, EM-120, ISSR-2, ISSR-3, ISSR-4, ISSR-5, ISSR-6, P-8, P-10, UBC-807, UBC-815, UBC-820 shows the 100 % polymorphism followed by 75 % polymorphism shown by EEMS-13, EEMS-33, and ISSR-1 and 50 % polymorphism were shown by the P5 marker. Based on the dissimilarity matrix analysis by the UPGMA software, a total of seven clusters were formed among the 15 brinjal genotypes, and AKB-46, grouped into a separate cluster which showed more resistant response in case L. orbonalis during screening program as compared to another genotype. As against, during the screening program, highly susceptible response recorded cultivar Swetha grouped into separate cluster. A variety Pune Kateri, which biophysically exhibits more thorniness than other genotypes, reflects moderately resistant response against L. orbonalis, grouped in another separate cluster. Similarly, the wild relative of brinjal, which has prickly stem, prickly leaves, golf ball size fruit, forms a separate cluster. The present molecular result indicates the usefulness of assessing genetic diversity using SSR and ISSR markers and its potential to determine the dissimilarity between genotypes more precisely than morphological markers that may be utilised in the resistance breeding pre-breeding program of brinjal improvement.ThesisItem Open Access ELUCIDATION OF RESISTANCE MECHANISMS IN Plutella xylostella LINNAEUS TO INDOXACARB.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2007-12-23) NEHARE, SARITA KISANAJI.; Deshmukh, Dr. S. D.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PHENOLOXIDASE ACTIVITY AND MELANIZATION IN Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) EXPOSED TO HaNPV.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2005-06-02) SADAWARTE, AJAY KRISHNAKUMAR.; Nachane, Prof. M. N.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON MOLECULAR BASIS OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner).(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2004-12-04) NAGARJUN G. V, RAO.; Satpute, Dr. U.S.ThesisItem Open Access MECHANISM OF HOST PLANT RESISTANCE IN BRINJAL TO Leucinodes orbonalis GUEN.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2003-01-10) DADMAL, SURESH MADHAORAO.; Naitam, Dr. N. R.ThesisItem Open Access INVESTIGATION ON THE ANALYSIS OF PEST CONTROL IN COITON CROP ( variety h4 ) IN RELATION TO VARIOUS FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROPER UTILIZATION OF PESTICIDES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AKOLA DISTRICT (m.s).(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 1988-03-25) PANDE, SHRIPRAKASH VYANKATRAO.; Borle, Dr.M.N.ThesisItem Open Access LABORATORY SCREENING OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS ENDOTOXINS AGAINST COTTON BOLLWORMS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2000) KULKARNI, UPENDRA SHARADCHANDRA.; Nimbalkar, Dr. S. A.
