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Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur

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2013 - 201424
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Subject: Plant Physiology × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2013 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Screening of Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes for Physiological efficiency and Productivity
    (JNKVV, 2013) Anantrao, Atole Avinash; Gontia, A.S.
    ABSTRACT The present research experiment entitled “Screening of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes for physiological efficiency and productivity” was conducted during Kharif season of 2012-13 at the Research Farm, Adhartal area, Department of Agronomy, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design replicated thrice and treatments comprised of eight maize genotypes Viz., 3110, KAVERI SUPER 244, KMH 3696, KMH 2589, KMH 3712, KAVERI 25-K60, KAVER 25-K45 and HPQM which were assessed for various morphophysiological traits and productivity potential. The results revealed that among phenological traits indicated that KAVERI 25-K45 had the earliest tassels initiation (47.33 days), cob emergence (53.00 days) and days to grain formation (60.67 days), however KAVERI SUPER 244 was found to be associated with longer reproductive phase (62.66 days). KMH 3712 (100.33 days) attained the physiological maturity at the earliest. These traits may be utilized in a breeding programme. Genotypes KAVERI SUPER 244 for higher dry matter production in cobs (60.14 g/plant) as well as total (101.88 g/plant), KAVERI 25-K45- LAI (2.16), LAD (28893.33 cm2days), CGR (0.0012 g/cm2/day), protein (%) (9.12) and carbohydrate %(65.13), KMH 3712- fat%(4.13), KAVERI 25-K45- fibre % (3.24), KAVERI 25-K60- quantum efficiency (0.0124), photosynthetic rate (14.96 µmol/m2/s), HPQM- carboxylation efficiency (0.057 µmol/m2/s-1(µmolmmol-1)-1), KMH 3696- water use efficiency (4.74 µmol/mmol) and mesophyll efficiency (1523.60 µmol/mmol), KMH 3712- chlorophyll index (21.40 g/m2) and transpiration rate (4.12 mmol/m2/s) may be utilized in a breeding programme for mentioned traits. Genotype KAVERI SUPER 244 possessed an average higher (10.91 g) dry matter in leaves, flag leaves (0.345 g) and cobs (44.66 g/plant), LAI (2.34),LAD (31031.17cm2.days), SLA (252.93cm2/g), RGR (0.0576g/g/day), CGR(0.00121g/cm2/day), longest reproductive period (62.66 days) and a comparatively higher quantum efficiency (0.01183) and photosynthetic rate (14.19 µmol/m2/s) resulted in a higher magnitudes of plant height(153.98 cm), cob number/plant (2.00), grain number/cob (227.84), cob length (25.19 cm) and cob girth (39.10 mm) which in turn had reflected in highest grain yield (48.39 g/plant and 6452 kg/ha). KAVERI 25-K60 was ranked second in yield performance (39.19 g/plant and 5481 kg/ha) owing to a comparatively higher magnitudes for number of cobs (1.67), grain number/cob (157.60) and cob length (23.67 cm) resultant of comparatively higher magnitudes of physiological parameters.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Morphology, Physiology, Yield and Quality of Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)
    (JNKVV, 2013) Lanjewar, Shilpa V.; Rao, S.
    ABSTRACT The present research experiment entitled “"Effect of integrated nutrient management on morphology, physiology, yield and quality of mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)”. Treatments for physiological efficiency and productivity” was conducted during Kharif season of 2012-13 at the Research Farm, Dusty Acre area, Department of Plant Physiology, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design replicated thrice and treatments comprised of ten mungbean treatments which were assessed for various morphophysiological traits and productivity potential. The results revealed that among the phenological traits were effected due to treatments and indicated that 100% RDF +FYM @ 2t/ha + Rhizobium had the earliest flower initiation (34.00 days), days to 50% flowering (44.33 days) and days to pod formation (55.00 days), however 100% RDF +Vermicompost @ 1.2t/ha + Rhizobium was found to be associated with early pod initiation (48.67 days) and attained the physiological maturity at the earliest (57.67) and recorded longest maturity period (76.67 days) These traits may be utilized for the future breeding programme. Treatment 100% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.2t/ha + Rhizobium possessed higher dry matter production in leaves (76.603 g/ m2) and total dry matter production 175.4 g/ m2, LAI (1.31 m2. days), LAD (14.68 m2days), CGR (4.99 g/m2/day), SLA (0.059), RGR (0.082), Protein (24.44%), Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (323.64, 89.7, 660.8 kg/ha) respectively, carboxylation efficiency had maximum (0.034 µmol/m2/s-1(µmolmmol-1)-1) and photosynthetic rate (7.473 µmol/m2/s). In 100% + RDF +FYM @ 2t/ha + Rizobium crude fiber was maximum (2.86) and in 50% RDF +Vermicompost @ 1.2t/ha + Rhizobium Ash %( 3.44). 75% RDF +FYM @ 2t/ha + Rhizobium the chlorophyll index (58.23 g/m2) transpiration rate (5.663 mmol/m2/s), water use efficiency (2.638 µmol/mmol) was observed to be maximum and 75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.2t/ha + Rhizobium quantum efficiency exhibited maximum (0.009), while stomatal conductance was maximum in 100% RDF + Rhizobium (0.278 µmol/mmol). 100% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.2t/ha + Rhizobium resulted higher magnitudes of plant height (34.94 cm), branch number/plant (4.73), pods/plant (12.73), pod length (6.00 cm) and pod weight (2.53g/plant) which in turn had reflected in maximum seed yield (3.83 g/plant and 1736.35 kg/ha). This was followed by 100% RDF + FYM @ 2t/ha + Rhizobium as related to yield performance (3.822 g/plant and 1727.28 kg/ha) which may be the higher magnitudes of physiological parameters.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Foliar Application of Plant Growth Regulators on Assimilates Partitioning Growth, Seed Yield and Quality of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
    (JNKVV, 2013) Tembhekar, Atul Nandkishor; Samaiya, R.K.
    ABSTRACT The present research investigation entitled “Effect of foliar application of plant growth regulators on assimilate partitioning, growth, seed yield and quality of soybean. (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)” was conducted with fourteen treatments of plant growth regulators, Viz; potassium humate, with various concentration and biozyme. in a RBD design with four replication, At the Research Farm Dusty Acre ,Department of Plant Breeding &, Genetics ,JNKVV, Jabalpur during kharif season 2012-13. A progressive pattern of increase in LAI was noted with the treatment of crop age and maximum was noted with 70-80 DAS. Foliar application of Potassium Humate (70-80%)+Minerals natural(10-15%)+moisture @ 1.5 g/L , maximum LAI was recorded with this treatment . The LAD increase upto 70-80 DAS and there after it declined sharply. Maximum LAD was maintained with Potassium Humate (70-80%)+Minerals natural(10-15%)+moisture @ 1.5 g/L and with other treatment. Similarly, maximum RGR was noted at 70-80 DAS with a differential pattern among various treatment of foliar spray. SLA showed a increase from 70-80 DAS . The betterment in structural components of yield resulted in maximum realization of productivity potential in soybean with foliar application of plant growth regulators, The yield attributing character of soybean viz; Plant height ,No. of leaves/plant ,No. of branches/plant, No. of nodes /plant, No. of effective nodes / plant ,effective nodal length /plant ,No. of flowers /plant ,No. of pods /plant, Pod length(mm), Pod width (mm),No. of seeds / pods, Seed index (gm), Seed yield (q/ha),Biological yield (q/ha),Harvest index (%) significantly improved with PGR treatment. significantly maximum seed yield was registered under foliar spray of Plant extracts, protiens, carbohydrates, inherent nutrients from fish and vegetable source+stabilizers, preservatives and aqueous diluents @ 3.0 ml/L. fallowed by Potassium Humate (70-80%)+Minerals natural(10-15%)+moisture @ 1.5 g/L.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Nitrogen and Plant Spacing on Root Productivity, Processing and Quality of Coleus (Coleus forskohlii Briq.)
    (JNKVV, 2013) Singh, Bheem; Upadhyaya, A.
    ABSTRACT The present research investigations entitled ““Effect of nitrogen and plant spacing on root productivity, processing and quality of Coleus (Coleus forskohlii Briq.)” was conducted during Rabi session of2011-2012 at The Research Farm Dusty Acres, Department of Plant Physiology, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.)”. The research experiment was laid out in split plot design comprised of 5 main plot treatments viz; plant spacing S1(60X20), S2(60X30), S3(60X40), S4(60X50) and S5 (60X60) and 4 sub plot treatments viz; nitrogen levels 0, 30, 45 and 60 kg /ha. The various treatments of plant spacing and nitrogen levels individually as well as in combination exhibited a significant influence on various physiological parameters and growth determinantns, physiological, biochemical constituents and morphological yield attributing components and dry root yield in coleus. Maximum LAI was noted up to 90-120 DAS with 60 X 20 cm (S1) and 60 kg N /ha. (N3). SLA and SLW showed a declining pattern with successive stage of crop growth. Maximum SLA was obtained with wider spacing S5 and SLW at S3 while N2 exhibited higher value of both the parameters. CGR was higher up to S3 and N3. Narrow spacing S1 and higher level of nitrogen N3 exhibited maximum RGR at early stage of crop growth. Maximum PAR was measured at optimum plant spacing S3 and higher nitrogen level N3 however the physiological parameters viz., net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance were maximum at S2N3. Proximate parameters were significantly influenced by both spacing and nitrogen level. Maximum root protein, fibre, fat and moisture were noted with S3 and N3. It was interesting to note here that plant spacing failed to influence root forskolin content with while N3 level of nitrogen recorded its maximum value. The improvement in morphological structural components of yield caused significant impact on maximum obtaining root yield of coleus. Narrow spacing S1 (60x20 cm) and N2 (45kg/ha) registered maximum root yield (19. 69 q/ha) due to higher biological yield (51.03 q/ha). Under post harvest processing forskolin content varied significanty in different types of drying technique. The maximum forskolin content was recorded in shed drying and the minimum in sun drying. The dried root bits were stored under different packages at room temperature viz., open polythene bag, airtight polythene bag, cotton bag, gunny bag . The enhanced shelf life of coleus dry roots interms of minimum reduction of forskolin contents was estimated when raw drug material was stored in open polythene bags.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological Evaluation of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Genotypes with Special Reference to Drought Resistance and Productivity
    (JNKVV, 2013) Bhoutekar, Varsha; Gontia, A.S.
    ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Physiological evaluation of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) genotypes with reference to drought resistance and productivity” were carried out during Kharif season of 2011-12 at the research farm area, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.) in a randomized block design replicated thrice. The results revealed that the genotypes indicated variable response for phenological traits. IVTPM 1 possessed the longest reproductive period (44.0 days) which can be utilized in a breeding program for increasing span of reproductive phase. IVTPM 7 may utilized for its highest grain filling rate despite of a shorter (37.66 days), reproductive period. Genotype IVTPM 3 for higher dry matter production in plant parts as well as total, LAI (4.81), LAD (84938 cm2.days), CGR (0.0014 g/cm2/day), RGR (0.07275 g/g/day), SLA (598.14 cm2/g) and IVTPM 7 for higher dry matter production in cobs (18.44 g/plant) may be utilized in a breeding program for enhancement of magnitude of growth parameters. Among drought resistant characteristics genotype IVTPM 7 possessed the maximum leaf water potential (-0.29 MPa) and leaf proline content (1.74  mol/g), genotype IVTPM 6 - the maximum membrane thermostability (1.19  mhos cm-1 electrical conductivity), canopy temperature (29.44 0C), air temperature (29.53 0C), photosynthetic rate (27.71 mol/m2/s), water use efficiency (8.73  mol/m mol), IVTPM 4 - desiccation tolerance (1.90  mhos cm-1) , IVTPM 2 - root shoot ratio (0.29), IVTPM 5 - lowest stomatal conductance (0.32 mol/m2/s), transpiration rate (2.60 m mol/m2/s), IVTPM 5 - highest relative water content (87.85 %) and lowest water saturation deficit (12.15 %), respectively. These traits may be utilized for developing the genotypes for drought prone areas. Genotype IVTPM 3 possessed highest chlorophyll index (22.48 g/m2) as well as quantum efficiency (7.51) which can also be utilized in a breeding program. The genotype IVTPM 7 possessed the higher grain filling rate despite of shorter reproductive period (37.66 days), dry matter production in cobs (18.44 g/plant), carboxylation efficiency (67.6  mol/m2/s( mol mol-1)-1, an average higher RGR (0.0695 g/g/day) which had reflected in its highest no. of cobs/plant (5.30), cob length (32.00 cm) and a quite higher no. of tillers/plant (5.33), HI (36.52 %), biological yield (85.23 g/plant and 15341.4 kg/ha) subsequently in highest grain yield (37.60 g/plant and 5401.66 kg/ha). IVTPM 5 was ranked second in yield performance (32.58 g/plant and 5146.66 kg/ha). IVTPM 1 possessed the lowest yield (7.02 g/plant and 1755.83 kg/ha). The highest no. of tillers/plant in IVTPM 4 (5.33), no. of grains/cob in IVTPM 3 (1277.66), biological yield in IVTPM 5 (104.43 g/plant and 18797.4 kg/ha) and HI in IVTPM 6 (40.86 %) could not contribute to increase in the grain yield due to poor performance of other yield components. Among seed quality traits IVTPM 5 was associated with highest protein (7.08 %), IVTPM 4 – fat (12.93 %) and carbohydrate (66.53 %) and IVTPM 3 – fibre contents (5.60 %), respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological evaluation of Drought Tolerant Chickpea Genotype Suitable for Madhya Pradesh (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (JNKVV, 2013) Patel, Niranjan; Upadhyay, S.D.
    ABSTRACT The present research investigation entitled “Physiological evaluation of drought tolerant chickpea genotype suitable for Madhya Pradesh” was conducted during Rabi season 2012-2013 at Research Farm, AICRP on chickpea, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.). The research experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replication and treatment comprised of 32 Chickpea genotypes evaluated under drought conditions. The various genotypes showed marked variability among themselves in relation to their phenological developments, ability of drought tolerance, biochemical estimations, physiological determinants and morphological yield attributing parameters and seed yield under drought conditions. Under drought condition the genotypes flowered earlier than under drought situation similarly other phenological developments also achieved earlier. D3 and D4 required lower time for attainment of reproductive stages as compared to other genotypes under drought condition. Maximum LAI accumulation was obtained up to 30-60 DAS under drought situation D29, D31. Chlorophyll content 30 ,60 ,80, 100 DAS Maximum D1,D26,D30,D31 net photosynthesis significantly reduced under drought condition D14, D2 and D28, transpiration rate reduced in D8, D2, D14, stomatal conductance reduced in D8, D2, D28. Water use efficiency (WUE) significantly reduced under drought condition D25, D23 and D9. Instantaneous water use efficiency (PN/E) significantly reduced under drought condition D24, D21 and D4. The RWC among various genotypes also reduced under drought conditions. D13, D23 and D4 maintained highest RWC at 80 DAS under drought the situations. D23, D8 and D29 maintained highest RWC at 100 DAS under drought the situations. Proline is maximum at D7, D4 and D20 under drought condition. The improvement in structural yield attributing parameters caused a significant impact on maximum realization of yield potential D13, D19 and D21. Maximum grain yield per plot under drought condition is D13, D21 and D16. Maximum biological yield per plot is D21, D13, D12 under drought condition. 100 seed weight is highest at D17, D23, and D22 under drought condition. Harvest index highest at D26, D14, and D10 under drought condition. No. of pod is maximum at D20, D8 and D4. It may be conducted that drought had an additive influence on all phenological developments, physiological, biochemical and morphological yield attributing parameters. D13, D21 and D19 were promising for seed yield and its attributes under drought conditions. The RWC is the good to indicate susceptibility or tolerance capacity of genotypes to drought..