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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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2010 - 201421
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End date: 2014 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    Genetics of agro-morphological yield determinants in mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)
    (RAU, Pusa (Samastipur), 2014) Singh, Chandra Mohan; Mishra, S. B.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Generation Mean Study for Yield Components in Rice (Oryza sativa L).
    (RAU, Pusa (Samastipur), 2014) Kumar, Alok; Singh, N. K.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact of Training under Rastriya Sam Vikas Yojana in Samastipur District on Adoption behavior of Kisan Mitra
    (RAU, Pusa (Samastipur), 2014) Singh, Vinod Kumar; Singh, Madan
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    Combining ability analysis and heterosis study involving CGMS lines in Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.)
    (RAU, Pusa (Samastipur), 2013) Prasad, Yogendra; Mishra, S. B.
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    Bio-rational management of major pests of Litchi (Litchi chinensis L.)
    (DRAPCAU, Pusa (Samastipur), 2013) Ranjan, rajeev; Ray, Ranjit
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    Combining ability and heterosis for grain Yield and its traits in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)
    (Rajendra Agricultural University, 2012) Kumar, Kamleshwar; Pandey, S. S.
    The present investigation was carried out at Research Farm of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Muzaffarpur, Bihar during 2010-2011. The experimental materials comprising the sixty six genotypes (parents and crosses) including standard check (Pant M-5) were grown in RBD with three replications and observations were recorded for fourteen quantitative traits including the yield. On the basis of genetic variability study only 100-seed weight exhibited high heritability estimates (narrow sense) coupled with high genetic advance, indicating the preponderance of additive gene action. Selection based on this trait will be rewardive. Number of secondary branches, bunches, pods per plant, number of grains per pod, pod length and 100-seed weight had shown positive and significant correlation along with their high positive direct effect with grain yield, suggesting that these parameters may be considered as prime traits during the course of selection to have the higher potential of yield in case of green gram. Based on the higher positive and significant gca effects along with high per-se performance SML-1135 was identified as a best general combiner for yield, whereas SML-1136, SML-1137 and HUM-16 were found best general combiner for number of pods per plant, for pod length SML-1135, SML-1136 and HUM-16 and for 100-seed weight SML-1135, SML-1137 and HUM-16 indicated that these parental lines may be used in hybridization programme to have the superior recombinants for respective traits. Only two cross combinations namely CGG-973/HUM-16 and SML-1135/SML-668 exhibited positive and significant estimates of sca effects along with high per-se performance for grain yield, suggesting that these cross combinations may be further utilized in green gram improvement programme to have the high yielding recombinants. Two crosses namely SML-1135/SML-668 and SML-1135/HUM-16 have shown positive and significant desirable standard heterosis for grain yield, indicating that these crosses may be further exploited to have the high yielding inbreds in advance generation.
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    Comparative morphology, life-history traits, population dynamics and management of two Bactrocera species (Diptera: Tephritidae) infesting cucurbits
    (Rajendra Agricultural University, 2012) Prasad, Uday Kumar; Agarwal, M. L.
    Two ecological homologue fruit fly species, viz. Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) and B. tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) are most pernicious pests of most cucurbits in India and many other countries. Studies/ experiments were carried out on their comparative morphology, biology, population dynamics and effect of weather components on the same, and control strategies by using different combination of baits, attractant and insecticide. Notes are given on the nomenclatural status and distribution of these Bactrocera species. Comparative morphological descriptions and illustrations have been given for immature stages, viz. eggs, three larval instars and pupae of these two Bactrocera species. Length and width of eggs of these species were 1.20-1.38 and 0.25-0.30 mm and 1.3-1.6 and 0.22-0.24 mm, respectively. In egg of B. cucurbitae anterior area behind micropyle was mammilate. Larval instars of these species had differences in the structures of their cephalopharyngeal skeletons, spiracles and caudal segments. Mouthhooks of third instar larvae of B. cucurbitae have small preapical teeth and the same was absent in B. tau. Numbers of tubules on outer margin of anterior spiracles were 17-20 and 14-16 in B. cucurbitae, and B. tau, respectively. These species had 7-14, and 14-18 spiracular hairs in dorsal and ventral bundles while their numbers were 4-7, and 5-9 in lateral bundles. Mature larva of B. cucurbitae had a dark line on intermediate area of caudal segment which was absent in B. tau. The pupa of B. cucurbitae had a dark line across the middle of posterior end. Adults of both species had three pairs of frontal setae. Gena is also yellowish in B. cucurbitae while in B. tau it has a dark spot below compound eye. Scutum is mostly rufous in B. cucurbitae and orange-brown in B. tau and three postsutural yellow vittae were present in both species. B. tau scutum has conspicuous black markings in areas between lateral and median postsutural vittae and also in areas behind humeral calli. Costal bands were continuous in both species. Wing of B. cucurbitae had a small spot on crossvein r-m and a large spot around crossvein DM-Cu while these spots are absent in B. tau. Abdominal tergites of both species had characteristic black markings. Characters of male genitalia and female ovipositors of these species have also been discussed and illustrated. Host range and nature of infestation and damage done by both species is discussed. Life history traits of both species include brief notes on adult feeding, mating, oviposition and larval activity. The preoviposition periods in B. cucurbitae and B. tau were 14-17 and 11-13 days, respectively while the number of eggs laid/ day by the female fly of these species varied between 8-15 and 6-12, respectively. Average incubation period; average larval duration; average pupal duration and total duration (egg to adult emergence) in B. cucurbitae and B. tau were 1.14, 1.24 days; 6.91, 7.10 days; 9.00, 10.40 days and 17.05, 18.74 days, respectively. The egg hatchability of B. cucurbitae and B. tau was 87.50 and 77.50 per cent, respectively. Average survival of their larvae and pupae were 82.50, 80.00; and 81.25, 75.00 per cent, respectively. Sex ratio (male: female) of these species were 1:1.36 and 1:1.27, respectively. Population dynamics of these Bactrocera species was studied at three locations during the years 2010-11 and 2011-12 by weekly count of male flies trapped in plastic bottle traps containing protein hydrolysate (as bait), cue-lure and spinosad. Adults of both species were available throughout during both years and exhibited somewhat uniform pattern in terms of their numbers during different months. Maximum mean weekly population of both species was observed in the months of August during both years of experimentation at all three locations and thereafter a decreasing trend was observed. The population of both species was either nil or negligible in the months of December and January and subsequently an increasing trend was observed in the populations of these two species. Besides this, the population of B. cucurbitae was much higher than B. tau. At all three locations maximum and minimum temperatures, minimum relative humidity at 14 hrs and rainfall showed a positive and significant correlation with populations of both species during both years while morning relative humidity at 7 hrs exhibited a negative correlation in all cases. Efficacy of different combinations of baits, attractant and insecticide was evaluated for annihilation of males of two Bactrocera species. These formulations were used in traps and had differences only in bait component. Maximum numbers of males of both species were annihilated in August followed by July. From September a decline was observed in the number of annihilated flies which reached at lowest level or nil in the months of December and January. Subsequently the rate of annihilation increased gradually with an increase in temperature. The formulation consisting of 5g Protein bait + Cue-lure (1ml) + Spinosad (0.5ml) was found most effective in annihilation of males of both species while the treatment without bait annihilated minimum numbers of flies. The results also suggested that more number of flies of both species were annihilated in first year of experimentation than second year.