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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Author: Kumar, Abhishek × End date: 2013 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Colletotrichum leaf spot disease of turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.)
    (Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2013) Kumar, Abhishek; Mishra, A. K.
    Turmeric (curcuma longa L.) is an important spices crop and emerged as a high valued cash crop for intercropping in agro-forestry plantations. Among various diseases attacking turmeric, Colletotrichum leaf spot caused by Colletotrichum capsici is the most divesting disease. The present investigation was undertaken on epidemiology and management of this disease. Effect of environmental factors on development and progress of Colletotrichum leaf spot disease is important in order to device an appropriate and effective disease management strategy. Simple correlation, simple linear regression and multiple linear regression analysis were performed on epidemiological observations to establish relationship in between disease incidence and weather parameters. Progress of Colletotrichum leaf spot disease of turmeric is differing with different genotypes and interaction of different weather factors prevailing during crop season. The minimum intensity of disease i.e., initiation of incidence (PDI) was recorded as 4.00 during second week of September with 33.20oC max. temp., 25.97oC min. temp., 87% morning RH, 71.81% evening RH, 06.00 km/h wind velocity, 4.63 hr/day BSSH and 0.97 mm rainfall. Whereas maximum PDI was recorded as 66.00 with 14.30oC max. temp., 8.24oC min. temp., 93% morning RH, 78% evening RH, 3.2 km/hr wind velocity and without bright sun shine hours and rainfall. The periodic increase in disease intensity was maximum during beginning of 3rd week of October (127DAP). At this stage of maximum periodic increase in disease development was found favoured by max. temp. (32.14oC) min. temp.(21.4oC), morn.RH (89%), eve.RH (70%), BSSH (7.9h/day) and wind velocity (2.7km/hr.). A highly significant negative correlation was found between PDI and min. temp. (r = -0.975), wind velocity (r = -0.809), max. temp. (r = -0.758) and rainfall (r = -0.499) while it was found positive in case of morn. RH (r = -0.517). Simple linear regression analysis revealed that a negative regression co-efficient for all the weather parameters considered with PDI except morning RH. Highest regression co-efficient (b) of 0.951 followed by 0.654 in case of min. temp.and wind velocity respectively. Multiple regression analysis revealed variation in co-efficient of determination (R2) from 0.574 to 0.990 indicating the range of variation in disease development minimum being 57 per cent when only max. temp. was taken into consideration and gradually attained maximum limit of 99 per cent based on the combine contribution of all weather parameters considered under study. Under germplasm screening, altogether 15 germplasm were evaluated against Colletotrichumcapsici under natural conditions. The varietal screening indicated the maximum PDI (65.00) in Morangia (Susceptible check) and minimum PDI (17.50) in RH-403. Five genotypes viz., RH-7, RH-50, RH-403, RH-411 and RH-412 was found moderately resistant against the diseases. Minimum PDI (13.33) with highest rhizome yield (35.13t/ha) fallowed by PDI (16.67) and rhizome yield (34.42t/ha) was recorded in four numbers of spray with Zineb @0.3% followed by Tricyclazole @0.1% at fortnightly interval. Best incremental cost benefit ratio (1:10.64) was recorded under the treatment where the crop was sprayed with Hexaconazole @0.1% followed by ICBR of 1:9.38 with fungicidal spray of Tricyclazole @0.1%.