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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Subject: Soil and Water Engineering × Author: Kumari, Shuchi × End date: 2019 × Thesis Type: M.Tech. ×
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    Planning and Design of Surface Drainage System for Jhilli Chaur (Pusa Farm), Samastipur (Bihar)
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2018) Kumari, Shuchi; Bhagat, I. B.
    Waterlogging in chaur area is due to inadequate provision of outlets and continues for more than 2-3 months. Paddy and Sugarcane are the principle crops in the chaur land whose yield get affected by the waterlogging. It also causes delay in land preparation for Rabi crops. Proper planning of the drainage system was done for the Jhilli chaur. For this hydrological analysis of rainfall was done in order to find the maximum rainfall for one day, two days, three days, four days, five days, six days and seven days. The maximum rainfall at seventy percent probability level was found to be 88.35 mm, 111.11 mm, 126.21 mm, 148.41mm, 164.52 mm, 175.757 mm, 189.52 mm for 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days and 7 days, respectively for Pusa. Maximum evaporation was found to be 6.25mm/day in the month of May and minimum evaporation was 0.93 mm/day in the month of December. The average pan evaporation (3.66 mm/day) for the month of June, July, August, September and October had been used for calculating the drainage coefficient. - Double ring infiltrometer was used for calculating infiltration rate. The average infiltration rate for 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days and 7 days was 0.68, 0.52, 0.41, 0.36, 0.32, 0.29 and 0.28 mm/h. The waterlogged area was divided as upland, medium land and low land according to the elevation obtained from contour map of the area. The contour map was obtained with the help of software Google Earth, TCX Converter, Arc GIS and Global Mapper. The total area of Jhilli chaur was 12 ha. Jhilli chaur was divided into two parts; Jhilli chaur-A and Jhilli chaur -B, having separate outlets. Total area of Jhilli chaur-A under upland, medium land and low land was 1.289, 2.321 and 1.235 ha, respectively while for Jhilli chaur-B it was 1.671, 4.705 and 2.033 ha, respectively. Seven days drainage coefficient of Jhilli chaur- A and Jhilli chaur- B has been found to be 4.63 cm/day and 2.34 cm/day, respectively. Water stagnation could takes place to an extent of 2.39 ha-m and 4.20 ha-m in Jhilli chaur -A and Jhilli chaur- B respectively. One lateral for Jhilli chaur-A and one lateral for Jhilli chaur- B is sufficient to drain excess water from the field. Total volume of earth work was computed as 118.51 m3.