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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Subject: Plant Pathology × Author: V, ARAVIND G × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2023 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Date of Sowing on Sheath Blight of Rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn and it’s management
    (RPCAU, Pusa, 2023) V, ARAVIND G; Ranjan, R K
    Sheath blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is a major disease of rice which causes an economic yield loss. The present study was undertaken to know the status of sheath blight disease, effect of date of sowing on disease incidence with relation to weather parameters and to evaluate the new fungicides molecules, medicinal plant extracts and organic products against R. solani at different concentration in in vitro condition. InKharif 2022 survey conducted in Samastipur and Muzaffarpur districts of Bihar and recorded percent disease incidence (PDI) of Sheath Blight of rice. The survey data revealed that Birauli village of Samastipur recorded highest disease incidence with 27.33% PDI in hybrid rice. While lowest PDI recorded in the villageMirapur of Muzaffarpur district with 2.5% PDI. And this survey also reveals that highest percent disease incidence was observed in the villages of Samastipur district compared to the Muzaffarpur district. Study on effect of date of sowing on incidence of Sheath Blight of rice, to know the effective date of sowing of rice to tackle Sheath Blight of rice, crop was sown at three different dates that is early (15/06/2022), normal (30/06/2022) and late (15/07/2022). Maximum disease severity was observed in early sown crop with 15.7% followed by normal sowing (8.58%) and minimum was recorded in late sowing (4.3%). Hence late sowing emerged as effective date of sowing to minimize the severity of Sheath Blight of rice. Weather parameters played important role in Sheath Blight disease development in rice. Disease severity negatively correlated with maximum temperature and minimum temperature. And positively related with morning relative humidity and evening relative humidity. And rainfall is positively correlated with early sown and normal sown but negatively correlated with late sown crop. For the management of the Sheath Blight of rice, seven fungicides were screened at three different concentrations that is 100 ppm, 250 ppm and 500 ppm. Among them Pyraclostrobin 10% CS was most effective inhibiting 100% growth of pathogen at lowest 100 ppm concentrations followed by Propiconazole 25% EC inhibited 65.55% of growth of mycelia. Besides this six medicinal plant extracts were tested at 5% and 10% concentrations, among them, at 10% concentration of tulsi showed 100% inhibition followed by kalmeg and mandukaparni both showing 71.15% inhibition. In addition to that three organic products were also screened at 2% & 5% concentration, among them panchagavya was effective at 5% concentration with 100% inhibition.